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24 notecards = 6 pages (4 cards per page)

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AP Biology

front 1

One category of a virus is the retroviruses, like HIV,
which means

back 1

They use reverse transcriptase to make DNA
copies of their RNA

front 2

If a virus has an envelope, it is usually made out of:

back 2

Membrane taken from host cells

front 3

In the LYTIC cycle of bacteriophages –

back 3

Host DNA is degraded

front 4

what would result in greater activity
of the enzymes in a metabolic pathway?

back 4

Lower levels of ubiquitin

front 5

In eukaryotic cells, the addition of ____ groups to
chromatin is correlated with increased transcription
rates

back 5

Acetyl

front 6

In eukaryotic cells, the signal that often tells the
machinery to degrade a protein is:

back 6

The attaching of ubiquitin to the protein.

front 7

If an operon is under positive repressible regulation:

back 7

It is normally transcribing and removing an
activator turns it off.

front 8

If a single base pair mutation in the DNA changes the
mRNA, but there is no change in the amino acid that
is coded for, it is considered a ____ mutation

back 8

Silent

front 9

What is a polyribosome?

back 9

An mRNA being translated by more than one
ribosome at a time

front 10

What would happen if a cell was missing SRP?

back 10

Ribosomes could not be attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum.

front 11

How is transcription terminated in eukaryotic cells?

back 11

Proteins cut the RNA free from the RNA
polymerase II

front 12

The P site of the ribosome usually holds

back 12

A tRNA with a polypeptide attached to it

front 13

Transcription in eukaryotes begins when transcription
factors attach to:

back 13

A TATA box in the promoter region

front 14

During the copying of DNA, what action happens
first?

back 14

DNA Helicase attaches at a site of origin

front 15

_____ is the process that makes new copies of DNA
molecules.

back 15

Replication

front 16

Primers are synthesized where on the lagging strand?

back 16

At the beginning of every Okazaki fragment

front 17

What is the job of DNA polymerase I in the process
of DNA replication?

back 17

Replacing RNA primers with DNA
nucleotides

front 18

The figure above shows an example of a chromosomal

back 18

inversion

front 19

If homologous chromosomes fail to separate during
Meiosis I, it results in _____ and an abnormal number
of chromosomes may occur in the gamete.

back 19

Nondisjunction

front 20

What is polygenic Inheritance?

back 20

When multiple genes contribute to the
phenotype of a single character.

front 21

What is the probability that an AABBCC x AaBbCc
cross will produce an AaBbCc offspring (assuming
independent assortment of all gene pairs)

back 21

1/8

front 22

In tigers, the absence of fur pigmentation is caused by
a recessive allele that also causes the tigers to be crosseyed.
This is an example of:

A) Pleiotropy
B) Epistasis
C) Polygenic inheritance
D) Incomplete dominance
E) Codominance

back 22

A) Pleiotropy

front 23

During gamete formation the segregation of the alleles
of one gene is independent of the segregation of the
alleles of another gene. What did Mendel call this
phenomenon?

back 23

Law of independent assortment

front 24

What is the probability of Aabb x aaBb parents
producing a child who is homozygous recessive for at
least one of the genes?

back 24

3/4