Print Test 4 Chapter 9 & 10 flashcards

Test 4 Chapter 9 & 10

front 1 Masseter	back 1 *Jaw, bigger, cheek to neck; Powerful, covers lateral aspect of mandib. ramus O-zygomatic arch & zygomatic bone I-angle & ramus of mandible A-Prime mover of jaw closure; elevates mandible
front 2 Genioglossus	back 2 *Jaw, Forms bulk of inf. part of tongue, its attachment to madible prevents tongue from falling backward & obsructing breathing O-Internal surface of mandible near symphysis I-inf. aspect of the tongue & body of hyoid bone A-Protracts tongue, depress/retract tongue
front 3 Hyoglossus	back 3 *Jaw. Flat quadrilateral muscle O-body & greater horn of hyoid bone I-inferolateral tongue A-Depresses tongue & draws its sides inferiorly
front 4 Buccinator	back 4 *Jaw; thin horizontal cheek muscle; principle muscle of cheek; deep to masseter O-molar region of maxilla & mandible I-orbicularis oris A-Compress cheek (whistle/suck); holds food betw teeth during chewing w/trampoline like action; draws corner of mouth laterally. NURSING INFANTS

front 5 Orbicularis oris	back 5 *Around mouth; complicated, multilayered muscle of the lips w/mafibers that run in many directins (most circularly) O-arises indirectly from maxilla & mandible; fibers blend w/fibers of other facial muscles assoc'd w/lips I-encircles mouth; inserts into muscles & skin at angles of mouth A-purses & protrudes lips; kissing/whisteling
front 6 SUPRAHYOID muscles	back 6 Muscles that help form floor of oral cavity, anchor tongue, elevate hyoid & move larynx superiorly during swallowing; lie superior to hyoid bone Digastric Stylohyoid Mylohyoid Geniohyoid
front 7 Digastric	back 7 *Suprahyoid muscle under jaw; consists of 2 bellies united by an intermed. tendon, ofrming v-shape under chin O-lower margin of mandible (ant. belly) & mastoid process of temporal bone (post. belly) I-by a connective tissue loop to hyoid bone A-open mouth & depress mandible; acts in concert to elevate hyoid bone & steady it during swallowing/speech
front 8 Stylohyoid	back 8 *Suprahyoid muscle; slender muscle below angle of jaw; parallels posterior belly of digastric muscle O-styloid process of temporal bone I-hyoid bone A-Elevates & retracts hyoid, elongating floor of mouth during swallowing

front 9 Mylohyoid	back 9 *Suprahoid muscle; flat/trangular muscle just deep to digastric muscle; this muscle pair make a sling that forms floor of the ant. mouth O-medial surface of mandible I-hyoid bone & median raphe A-elevates hyoid bone & floor of mouth, enabling tongue to exert backward & upward pressure that forces food into pharynx
front 10 Geniohyoid	back 10 *Suprahyoid muscle; narrow muscle in contact w/its partner medially; runs from chin to hyoid bone deep to mylohyoid O-inner surface of mandib. symphysis I-hyoid bone A-pulls hyoid bone superiorly & anteriorly
front 11 INFRAHYOID MUSCLES	back 11 Straplike muscles that depress the hyoid bone & larynx during swallowing/speaking Sternohyoid Sternothyroid Omohyoid Thyrohyoid
front 12 Sternohyoid	back 12 *Infrahyoid muscle; most medial muscle of neck; thin; superficial except inferiorly, where covered by sternocleidomastoid O-manubrium & medial end of clavicle I-lower margin of hyoid bone A-Dpresses larynx & hyoild bone if mandible is fixe; may also flex skull

front 13 Sternothyroid	back 13 *Infrahyoid muscle; lateral & deep to sternohyoid O-posterior surface of manubrium of sternum I-thyroid cartilage A-pulls larynx & hyoid bone inferiorly
front 14 Omohyoid	back 14 *Infrahyoid muscle; straplike muscle w/2 bellies united by an intermed. tendon; lateral to sternohyoid O-superior surf. of scapula I-hyoid bone, lower border A-Depresses & retracts hyoid bone
front 15 Thyrohyoid	back 15 *Infrayoid muscle; appears as superior continuation of sternothyroid muscle O-thyroid cart. I-hyoid bone A-Depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx if hyoid is fixed
front 16 Sternocleidomastoid	back 16 *Clavicle to skull; 2-headed muscle located deep to platysma on anterolateral surf. of neck; fleshy parts on either side of neck delineate limits of ant. & post. triangles; KEY muscular landmark in neck O-manubrium of sternum & medial portion of clav. I-mastoid process of temporal bone & superior nuchal line of occipital bone A-Flexes & laterally rotates head

front 17 Scalenes	back 17 *rib/clav. to jaw; located more laterally than anteriorly on neck; deep to platysma & sternocleidomastoid O-transverse processes of cervical vert. I-anterolaterally on 1st 2 ribs A-Elevate 1st 2 ribs; flex/rotate neck
front 18 Splenius	back 18 *posterior neck; is a broad bipartite suprficial muscle extending from upper thoracic vert. to skull; capitis/cervicis parts "capitis aka bandage musckle) O-ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of vert C7-T6 I-mastoid processes of C2-C4 vert A-extend or hyperextend head
front 19 Trapezius	back 19 *Posterior back/triangle hypotenus on vertebrae, to skull to deltoid; is most superficial muscle of posterior thorax O-occiptial bone ligamentum nuchae & spinous processes of C7, & all thoracic vert. I-continuous insertion along acromion & spine of scapula & lateral 1/3 of clav. A-Stabilizeds, raises, retracts & rotates scapula. Shrug shoulders
front 20 Levator scapulae	back 20 *back & side of neck, deep to trapezius; thick straplike muscle O-transverse processes of C1-C4 I-medial border of scapula, superior to spine A-elevates/adducts scapula; tilts glenoid cavity downward when scap. is fixed

front 21 Rhomboid major & minor	back 21 *back attached to scapula; 2 roughly diamond shaped muscles lying deep to trapezius & inferior to levator scapule; rhomboid minor is superior O-spinous process of C7 & T1 (minor); spinous processes of T2-T5 (major) I-medial border of scapula just under levator scapulae A-stabilize scapula, acts together to retract scapula, squaring shoulders (lowering arm against resistance like paddling canoe)
front 22 Latissimus dorsi	back 22 *posterior back, under scapula; broad, flat triangular muscle of lower back (lumbar); extensive superfical origins; covered by trapezius superiorly, contributes to posterior wall of axilla O-indirect attachment via lumbodorsal fascia into spines of lower 6 T vert., lumbar vert., lower 3-4 ribs & iliac crest; also from scapulas' inferior angle I-spirals around teres major to insert in floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus A-prime mover of arm extension; powerful arm adductor; medially rotates arm at shoulder (lowers arm in power stroke like using hamer, swilling, rowing)
front 23 Teres major	back 23 *posterior back, just above latissimus dorsi; thick rounded muscle, inferior to teres minor, helps form posterior wall of axilla O-posterior surface of scapula at inferior angle I-crest of lesser tubercle on ant. humerus; insertion tendon fused w/that of latissimus dorsi A-extends, medially rotates & adducts humers, synergist of latissiums dorsi
front 24 Deltoid	back 24 *Mostly front over shoulder; thick, multipennate muscle forming rounded shoulder muscle mass; common site for intramuscular injection O-embraces insertion of trapezius; lateral 3rd of clavicle; acromion & spine of scapula I-deltoid tuberosity of humerous A-prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously; antag. of pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi which adduct arm,

front 25 Pectoralis major	back 25 *front titty muscle; large fan-shaped muscle covering superior portion of chest, forms anterior axillary fold, ivided in to clavicular & sternal parts O-sternal end of clav., sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6 (or 7), & aponeurosis of external oblique muscle I-fibers converge to insert by a short tendon into intertubercular sulcus & greater tubercle of humerus A-prime mover of arm flexion,; rotates arm medially; adducts arm against resistancde, helps climbing, throwing, pushing, forced inspiration
front 26 Pectoralis minor	back 26 *flat thin muscle directly beneath & obscured by pectoralis major O-ant. surfaces of ribs 3-5 or 2-4 I-coracoid process of scapula A-w/ribs fixed, draws scapula forward & downward
front 27 Diaphragm	back 27 *borad, pierced by aorta, inferior vena cava, & esophagus, forms floor of thoracic cavity; dome shaped in relaxed state; fibers converge from margins of thoracic capge toward a boomerang shaped central tendon O-inferior , internal surf. of rip cage & sternum, costal cartlages of last 6 ribs & lumbar vert. I-central tendon A-prime mover of inspiration; flattens on contraction, when strongly contracted, dramatically increases intra-abdominal pressure
front 28 External intercostals	back 28 *betw. ribs; 11 pairs lie betw ribs, fibers run obliquiely (down & forward) from each rib to rib below; in lower intercostal spaces, fibers are continuous w/externaloblique muscle forming part of abdom. wall O-inf. border of rib above I-superior border of rib below A-w/1st ribs fixed by scalene muscles, pull ribs toward 1 another to elevate rib cage, aid inspiration, synergist of diaphragm

front 29

Internal intercostals

back 29

*11 pairs lie betw ribs; fibers run deept to and at right angles to those of external intercostals; lower internal intercostal muscles are continuous w/fibers of internal oblique muscle of abdom wall

O-inf., internal surf. of rib cage & sternum, cotstal cartilages of last 6 ribs & lumbar vert.
I-central tendon

A-prime mover of inspiration; flattens on contraction

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Test 4 Chapter 9 & 10