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41 notecards = 11 pages (4 cards per page)

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Quiz 4

front 1

1) A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.

A) syndesmosis
B) suture
C) synchondrosis
D) gomphosis

back 1

D) gomphosis

front 2

2) The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.

A) tend to run parallel to one another

B) are also called collateral ligaments

C) prevent hyperextension of the knee

D) assist in defining the range of motion of the leg

back 2

C) prevent hyperextension of the knee

front 3

5) Articular cartilage found at the ends of the long bones serves to ________.

A) attach tendons

B) produce red blood cells (hemopoiesis)

C) provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints

D) form the synovial membrane

back 3

C) provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints

front 4

6) A joint united by dense fibrocartilaginous tissue that usually permits a slight degree of
movement is a ________.

A) suture
B) syndesmosis
C) symphysis
D) gomphosis

back 4

C) symphysis

front 5

connective tissue?

A) symphysis
B) synchondrosis
C) pivot
D) syndesmosis

back 5

D) syndesmosis

front 6

8) Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where
friction develops are called ________.

A) menisci
B) bursae
C) ligaments
D) tendons

back 6

B) bursae

front 7

9) Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________.

A) amphiarthroses
B) synarthroses
C) diarthroses
D) synovial joints

back 7

A) amphiarthroses

front 8

11) ________ are cartilaginous joints.

A) Syndesmoses
B) Sutures
C) Synchondroses
D) Gomphoses

back 8

C) Synchondroses

front 9

12) The gliding motion of the wrist is accomplished because of the ________ joint.

A) hinge
B) plane
C) pivot
D) condyloid

back 9

B) plane

front 10

13) The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the
movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

A) cruciate ligaments
B) patellar ligaments
C) anterior ligaments
D) tibial collateral ligaments

back 10

A) cruciate ligaments

front 11

14) Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________.

A) flexion
B) extension
C) hyperextension
D) circumduction

back 11

C) hyperextension

front 12

In the classification of joints, which of the following is true?

A) Immovable joints are called amphiarthroses.

B) All synovial joints are freely movable.

C) Synarthrotic joints are slightly movable.

D) In cartilaginous joints, a joint cavity is present.

back 12

B) All synovial joints are freely movable.

front 13

Synarthrotic joints ________.

A) are found at the junction of the epiphysis and diaphysis of growing bone

B) are cartilaginous joints

C) permit essentially no movement

D) have large joint cavities

back 13

C) permit essentially no movement

front 14

18) Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

A) pivot, hinge, and ball and socket
B) symphysis, sacroiliac, and articular
C) hinge, saddle, and ellipsoidal
D) sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

back 14

D) sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

front 15

19) In symphysis joints the articular surfaces of the bones are covered with ________.

A) hyaline cartilage
B) synovial membranes
C) fibrocartilage
D) tendon sheaths

back 15

A) hyaline cartilage

front 16

20

20) Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following
statements is true about this fluid?

A) It contains enzymes only.
B) It contains lactic acid.
C) It contains hyaluronic acid.
D) It contains hydrochloric acid

back 16

C) It contains hyaluronic acid

front 17

Which of the following statements defines synchondroses?

A) amphiarthrotic joints designed for strength and flexibility

B) interphalangeal joints

C) joints that permit angular movements

D) cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

back 17

D) cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

front 18

What are menisci?

A) cavities lined with cartilage
B) small sacs containing synovial fluid
C) semilunar cartilage pads
D) tendon sheaths

back 18

C) semilunar cartilage pads

front 19

Which of the following is a true statement regarding gliding movements?

A) Gliding movements occur at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints.

B) Gliding movements allow flexibility of the upper limbs.

C) Gliding movements are multiaxial.

D) An example of a gliding movement is nodding oneʹs head.

back 19

A) Gliding movements occur at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints.

front 20

When one is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane, it
is called ________.

A) abduction
B) adduction
C) inversion
D) dorsiflexion

back 20

A) abduction

front 21

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to ________.

A) the hands
B) the feet
C) the arms
D) the hands and the fee

back 21

B) the feet

front 22

The hip joint is a good example of a(n) ________ synovial joint.

A) nonaxial
B) uniaxial
C) biaxial
D) multiaxial

back 22

D) multiaxial

front 23

Movement allowed in a pivot joint is known as ________.

A) biaxial movement
B) flexion
C) uniaxial rotation
D) extension

back 23

C) uniaxial rotation

front 24

Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.

A) common due to the weight-bearing the hip endures

B) rare because of the ligament reinforcement

C) common in all people who are overweight

D) rare because the rotator cuff stabilizes the hip joint

back 24

B) rare because of the ligament reinforcement

front 25

The ________ ligament holds the radius to the ulna at the proximal end.

A) annular
B) ulnar collateral
C) radial collateral
D) iliofemoral

back 25

A) annular

front 26

Which ligament of the knee initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped?

A) the patellar ligament
B) the medial patellar retinacula
C) the lateral patellar retinacula
D) the extracapsular ligament

back 26

A) the patellar ligament

front 27

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the ligaments is/are
damaged as a result?

A) oblique popliteal and extracapsular ligament

B) suprapatellar

C) arcuate popliteal and the posterior cruciate

D) medial collateral, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate

back 27

D) medial collateral, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate

front 28

32) Which of the following conditions is generally considered a noninflammatory type of arthritis?

A) bursitis
B) tendonitis
C) osteoarthritis
D) rheumatoid arthritis

back 28

C) osteoarthritis

front 29

What can cause gouty arthritis?

A) excessive blood levels of uric acid deposited as crystals in the soft tissue joints

B) a disorder in the bodyʹs immune system resulting in destruction of joints

C) a thickening of the synovial membrane and a decrease in fluid production

D) a bacterial infection in the bursae

back 29

A) excessive blood levels of uric acid deposited as crystals in the soft tissue joints

front 30

Pointing the toes is an example of ________.

A) circumduction
B) plantar flexion
C) pronation
D) protraction

back 30

B) plantar flexion

front 31

35) Which of the following is a true statement?

A) The head of the humerus articulates with the acromion process.

B) The greater tubercule of the humerus articulates at the coracoid process of the scapula.

C) The rotator cuff is responsible for the flexible extensions at the elbow joint.

D) The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius.

back 31

D) The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius

front 32

Multiaxial joints of the body include ________.

A) the knee and elbow
B) the ankle and wrist
C) the hip and shoulder
D) intercarpal and intertarsal joints

back 32

C) the hip and shoulder

front 33

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are
characteristics of what type of joint?

A) suture
B) synchondrosis
C) symphysis
D) hinge joint

back 33

D) hinge joint

front 34

Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include ________.

A) the patellar ligament extending from femur to patella

B) lateral and medial collateral ligaments preventing lateral or medial angular movements

C) cruciate ligaments, which help secure the articulating bones together

D) the oblique popliteal crossing the knee anteriorly

back 34

B) lateral and medial collateral ligaments preventing lateral or medial angular movements

front 35

Which of the following is a correct statement about development of joints?

A) Joints develop in parallel with bones.

B) By the end of the fourth week, fetal synovial joints resemble adult joints.

C) All fibrous joints are in the adult form by the time of birth.

D) Joints develop independent of bone growth.

back 35

A) Joints develop in parallel with bones

front 36

An example of an interosseus fibrous joint is ________.

A) the clavicle and the scapula at the distal ends
B) the radius and ulna along its length
C) between the vertebrae
D) between the humerus and the glenoid cavity

back 36

B) the radius and ulna along its length

front 37

Which of the following statements best describes angular movements?

A) They allow movement only in one plane.

B) They allow movement in several planes.

C) They occur only between bones with flat articular processes.

D) They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.

back 37

D) They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.

front 38

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Name the two bones of the hand that
articulate to form a saddle joint.

A) The scaphoid of the index finger and the triquetral of the middle finger.

B) The trapezium of the ring finger and the capitate of the fourth finger.

C) The scaphoid of the middle finger and lunate of the index finger.

D) The trapezium of the carpal bone and the thumbʹs metacarpal.

back 38

D) The trapezium of the carpal bone and the thumbʹs metacarpal.

front 39

Tendon sheaths ________.

A) act as friction-reducing structures
B) are lined with dense irregular connective tissue
C) form channels for tendons
D) help anchor the tendon to the muscle

back 39

A) act as friction-reducing structures

front 40

Which of the following is not a part of the synovial joint?

articular capsule
articular cartilage
joint cavity
tendon sheath

back 40

tendon sheath

front 41

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to keeping the articular surfaces of diarthroses in contact?

back 41

number of bones in the joint