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43 notecards = 11 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chapter 8

front 1

A healthy diet provides:

back 1

enough of all essential nutrients to avoid deficiencies but not excessive amounts that may increase the risk of nutrient toxicities or chornic diseases

front 2

These 4 of the 10 leading causes of death in the U.S. are associated with dietary excesses:

back 2

heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes

front 3

These 3 health problems are related to, at least in part, to dietary excesses:

back 3

obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia

front 4

A healthy diet has the potential to:

back 4

alleviate the high economic and personal costs of morbidity and mortality associated with obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia

front 5

Dietary Reference intakes is:

back 5

a series of 8 in-depth reports

front 6

Dietary reference intakes cover:

back 6

vitamins, minerals, the energy nutrients, cholesterol, fiber, electrolytes and water

front 7

Dietary reference intake includes:

back 7

RDA's, EAR, AI, and UL

front 8

RDA =

back 8

Recommended dietary allowances

front 9

EAR =

back 9

Estimated average requirement

front 10

AI =

back 10

Adequate intake

front 11

UL =

back 11

Tolerable upper intake level

front 12

DRI is based on

back 12

reviewing available scientific data, assessing nutrient function to reduce risk of chronic and other diseases, and evaluating nutrient consumption levels among U.S. and Candian populations

front 13

DRI applies to:

back 13

various individuals and population groups

front 14

Old RDAs have been replaced with the DRIs that incorporate:

back 14

an expanded focus of reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with dietary excesses

front 15

Recommended Dietary Allowances represent:

back 15

the average daily recommended intake to meet the nutrient requirements of: 97-98% of health individuals by life stages and gender

front 16

RDAs are based on:

back 16

specific criteria indicators

front 17

RDAs set:

back 17

high enough to account for daily variations in intake

front 18

Estimated Average Requirement is the:

back 18

amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of half (50%) of healthy people in a lifestyle or gender group

front 19

EAR are not based solely on:

back 19

the prevention of nutrient deficiencies

front 20

Tolerable Upper Intake Level is:

back 20

the highest level of average daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects to almost all individuals in the general population

front 21

TUL is:

back 21

not intended to be a recommended level of intake

front 22

AI is:

back 22

a set when an RDA cannot be determined due to lack of sufficient data on requirements

front 23

Adequate Intake is a:

back 23

recommended average daily intake level though to meet or exceed the needs of virtually all members of a life stage/gender group based on observed or experimentally determine estimates of nutrient intake by group of healthy people

front 24

Primary purpose of the AI is:

back 24

as a goal for the nutrient intake of individuals

front 25

AMDR =

back 25

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges

front 26

AMDR are:

back 26

broad ranges for each energy nutrient

front 27

AMDR are expressed as:

back 27

a percentage of total calories consumed

front 28

AMDR are associated with:

back 28

reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients

front 29

Protein AMDR =

back 29

10-35%

front 30

Carbohydrates AMDR =

back 30

45-65%

front 31

Fat AMDR =

back 31

20-35%

front 32

Dieticians use this more:

back 32

Estimated Energy Requirements

front 33

EER =

back 33

Estimated Energy Requirements

front 34

Estimated energy requirements are similar to:

back 34

EAR

front 35

Dietary Guidelines for Americans serves as:

back 35

the federal policy on nutrition

front 36

Dietary Guidelines covers:

back 36

5 overarching guidelines

front 37

Dietary guidelines features:

back 37

3 styles of healthy eating patterns

front 38

Within each style of guidelines there are:

back 38

12 different calorie ranges from 1000 to 3200 calories

front 39

Major themes of Dietary guidelines are to:

back 39

eat fewer calories, be more physically active, and make wiser food choices.

front 40

We teach people about RDIs by:

back 40

balance, moderation, nutrient density, limit calories for other uses, variety

front 41

MyPlate's message is to:

back 41

eat more fruit, vegetables and whole grains, eat less saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol, limit sweets and salt, use alcohol in moderation, if at all, balance calorie intake with calorie expenditure, by physically active most days of the week.

front 42

Discretionary calories allow consumers to:

back 42

incorporate small amounts of calorie-dense foods into their eating plan and still meet nutrient needs without exceeding total calorie constraints

front 43

Discretionary calories may be eaten up by choosing foods within:

back 43

the existing plan that are high in fat or added sugar