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Chapter 17 selftest

front 1

Antigen converts these into plasma cells.

back 1

B cells

p. 480

front 2

Involved in cell-mediated immunity.

back 2

T cells

p. 480

front 3

Directed against transplanted tissue cells & cancer cells.

back 3

T cells

p.480

front 4

Have been influenced by the thymus.

back 4

T cells

p.480

front 5

Defend mainly against bacteria & viruses circulating in blood & lymph.

back 5

B cells

p.480

front 6

Responsible for rejection of foreign tissue transplants.

back 6

T cells

p.480

front 7

Based on antibodies produced as a result of recovery from a disease.

back 7

Naturally acquired active immunity

p. 498

front 8

Passed to fetus by transplacental transfer.

back 8

Naturally acquired passive immunity

p. 498

front 9

Passed to recipient by injection of gamma globulin blood fraction from other people.

back 9

Artificially acquired passive immunity

p. 498

front 10

Based on production of antibodies by vaccination.

back 10

Naturally acquired passive immunity

p. 498

front 11

An incomplete antigen that will react w/antibodies but will not, by itself, stimulate their formation.

back 11

Hapten

p. 481

front 12

The number of determinant sites on an antigen or antibody.

back 12

Valence

*ppt = powerpoint

front 13

The soure of B cells & T cells.

back 13

Stem cells

*ppt

front 14

Chemical messengers by which cells of immune system communicate w/each other.

back 14

Cytokines

front 15

The relative strength of the antigen-antibody bond.

back 15

Affinity

p. 487

front 16

A pentamer; the first antibody class to appear, though comparatively short-lived.

back 16

IgM

p. 483

front 17

The most abundant immunoglobulin in serum.

back 17

IgG

p. 483

front 18

Functions of this immunoglobulin class are not well defined, but it is found on the surface of B cells.

back 18

IgD

p. 484

front 19

Involved in allergic reactions, such as hay fever.

back 19

IgE

p. 484

front 20

Often forms dimers of 2 immunoglobulin monomers.

back 20

IgA

p. 484

front 21

Synonym for antigens.

back 21

Immunogens

front 22

B cells that interact w/self-antgens are destroyed.

back 22

Clonal deletion

p. 485

front 23

Protein bound to IgA immunoglobulins.

back 23

Secretory component

front 24

Blood fration that contains most of the serum immunoglobulins.

back 24

Gamma globulin

p. 498

front 25

Antigenic; will stimulate the production of antitoxins.

back 25

Toxoid

*(double check this one)

front 26

Activated B cell proliferates into a large clone of cells, some of which will differentiate into plasma cells.

back 26

Clonal selection

p. 485

front 27

CD4+

back 27

T helper cells (TH)

p. 490

front 28

CD8+

back 28

T cytotoxic cells (TC)

p. 493

front 29

Can differentiate into CTLs.

back 29

T cytotoxic cells

p. 493

front 30

Present T-dependent antigens to B cells.

back 30

XX unknown....help :o(

front 31

Recognize & target cells that carry endogenous antigens.

back 31

T cytotoxic cells

p. 493

front 32

Requires assitance of a T helper cell to form antibodies.

back 32

T-dependent antigen

p. 485

front 33

Typically a protein.

back 33

T-dependent antigen

p. 485

front 34

Typically a polysaccharide such as a bacterial capsule.

back 34

T-independent antigen

p. 485

front 35

Cytokine that inhibits viral infections.

back 35

Interferon

p. 496

front 36

Released by a cytotoxic T lymphocyte to lyse a target cell.

back 36

Perforin

p. 493

front 37

Stem region of an antibody molecule.

back 37

Fc

*ppt slide 17.3

front 38

Programmed cell death.

back 38

Apoptosis

p. 493

front 39

First breast milk secretions of mammal.

back 39

Colostrum

p. 498

front 40

Adjective applied to a component in IgA that protects it from enzyme activity.

back 40

Plasma

front 41

Adjective applied to the cells that actually produce antibodies after a B cell is stimulated by an antigen.

back 41

XX unknown....help :o(

front 42

Usual configuration of IgA

back 42

Dimer

front 43

Clumping of antigens when binding w/antibodies.

back 43

Agglutination

front 44

Coating of target cell w/antibody that enhances phagocytosis.

back 44

Opsonization

front 45

Coating of target cell w/antibody that leads to lysis by substances secreted by immune cells external to the target cell.

back 45

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

front 46

Releative amont of antibody in the serum.

back 46

Antibody titer.

front 47

Communicate between leukocytes.

back 47

Interleukins

p. 496

front 48

A factor in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

back 48

Tumor necrosis factor

p. 496

front 49

Control pathways by which stem cells develop into different red or white blood cells.

back 49

Hematopoietic cytokines

p. 497

front 50

Induce migration of leukocytes into areas of infection.

back 50

Chemokines

p. 496

front 51

Resistance present at birth that does not involve humoral or cell-mediated immunity is ____________________________ immunity.

back 51

Natural acquired passive

p. 498

front 52

A(n) ___________ site is specific chemical group on an antigen that combines with the antibody.

back 52

XX unknown....help :o(

front 53

The five monomers that constitute the IgM molecule are held together by a ________________.

back 53

joining chain

p. 483

front 54

The antibody ________________ is the measured amount of antibody in the serum.

back 54

antiserum

p. 498
*not sure about this answer

front 55

Certain lymphocytes called ________ cells kill virus-infected cells & tumor cells, but are not immunologically specific. They contact & kill the target cells.

back 55

NK (natural killer)

p. 495

front 56

B cells derive their name from an organ in poultry, the ___________.

back 56

bursa of Fabricius

p. 480

front 57

CD is short for cluster of ___________.

back 57

XX unknown....help :o(

front 58

Low-molecular-weight substances such as penicillin that do not (by themselves) cause formation of antibodies are known immunologically as ___________.

back 58

haptens

p. 481

front 59

The second time we encounter an antigen, our immune response is faster & more intense; this is termed the ______ response.

back 59

secondary

front 60

Some antibodies are poorer matches for an antigen than others; they are said to have less _________.

back 60

XX unknown....help :o(

front 61

The subpopulation of T cells that mostly activate cells related to cell-mediated immunity such as macrophages, CD8+ T cells, & natural killer cell is _____________.

back 61

XX unknown....help :o(

front 62

An antigen-presenting cell (APC)that is not efficient at phagocytosis, but is the most important in APC, is called a_________.

back 62

XX unknown....help :o(