front 1 Refers to the defenses that are present at birth | back 1 Innate immunity |
front 2 Based on a specific response to a specific microbe once a microbe has breached the innate immunity defenses | back 2 Adaptive immunity |
front 3 Which immunity is slower to respond? | back 3 Adaptive immunity. It does, however, have a memory component, unlike innate immunity, which allows it to be more effective against the same pathogen in the future. |
front 4 Which cells are involved in adaptive immunity? | back 4 B cells and T cells. |
front 5 What cell types are exclusively innate immunity? | back 5 Basophil, eosinophil, and mast cell. |
front 6 What cell type releases histamines that cause inflammation? | back 6 Basophil. |
front 7 Which cell type kills parasites? | back 7 Eosinophil. |
front 8 Which cell type kills infected cells? | back 8 Mast cells. |
front 9 Which cell type recognizes antigens and produces antibodies? | back 9 B cell. |
front 10 What cells do natural killer cells kill? | back 10 Cancer cells and virus-infected cells. |
front 11 How does the skin help protect against infection? | back 11 The cells are closely packed together, it has multiple layers, the presence of keratin so it is dry and continuously sheds. |
front 12 Transports microbes trapped in mucus away from the lungs | back 12 Ciliary escalator |
front 13 At what rate does the ciliary escalator move? | back 13 1 to 3 cm per hour |
front 14 Leukocytes (white blood cells) are divided into two categories called | back 14 Granulocytes and neutrophils |
front 15 Leukocytes with granules in their cytoplasm that are visible with a light microscope | back 15 Granulocytes |
front 16 What are the three types of granulocytes? | back 16 Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils. |
front 17 What is the basic function of neutrophils? | back 17 Phagocytosis; they work in the early stages of infection. |
front 18 What is the basic function of basophils? | back 18 They release histamine and work in allergic responses. |
front 19 What is the basic function of eosinophils? | back 19 Phagocytic; toxic against parasites and helminths. |
front 20 What is the basic function of monocytes? | back 20 They mature into macrophages in tissues where they are phagocytic. |
front 21 What is the basic function of dendritic cells? | back 21 Found in the skin, mucous membranes, and thymus; phagocytic. |
front 22 What is the basic function of lymphocytes? | back 22 T cells function in cell-mediated immunity. B cells produce antibodies NK cells destroy target cells by cytolysis and apoptosis. |
front 23 How can the increase or decrease of white blood cells be detected? | back 23 Differential white blood cell count |
front 24 Some macrophages, or histiocytes, are resident in certain tissues and organs of the body. | back 24 Fixed macrophages |
front 25 Complement activation always ends in the activation of | back 25 C3 |