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Festival 11 Chapter 27
front 1 True or False: The soft mucosal lining of the uterus is the endometrium. | back 1 True |
front 2 True or False: The mammary glands are present in both sexes. | back 2 True |
front 3 Effects of estrogen include ________. growth of the larynx | back 3 Growth of the breasts at puberty |
front 4 Occasionally three polar bodies are found clinging to the mature ovum. One came from an unequal division of the ovum, but from where did the other two arise? One is an undeveloped primary oocyte that failed to mature. What you really see are two polar bodies and the sperm that will fertilize the egg. The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies. There were originally four polar bodies and one disappeared. | back 4 The first polar body has also divided to produce two polar bodies. |
front 5 Which of the following occurs as a result of undescended testes? Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced. Male sex hormones will not be circulated in the body. Inadequate blood supply will retard the development of the testes. Sperm will have no means of exit from the body. | back 5 Inadequate or nonviable sperm will be produced. |
front 6  The mammary glands belong to which of the following systems? integumentary system | back 6 integumentary system |
front 7 Which of the following is an effect of estrogen in females? suppresses the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) | back 7 promotes oogenesis |
front 8 A low secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal male adult would cause ________. excessive beard growth shrinkage of the anterior pituitary gland increased spermatogenesis decreased testosterone secretion | back 8 decreased testosterone secretion |
front 9 Which specific layer of the uterus is shed during menstruation, approximately every 28 days? myometrium | back 9 stratum functionalis of the endometrium |
front 10 True or False: Failure to attain erection is called erectile dysfunction. | back 10 True |
front 11 Which of the following cells is released during ovulation? primary oocyte | back 11 Secondary oocyte |
front 12 What is the role of the corpus luteum? to stimulate the female sexual response ovulation to produce the primary oocytes to produce hormones that maintain the uterine lining during the first months of pregnancy | back 12 to produce hormones that maintain the uterine lining during the first months of pregnancy |
front 13  Which hormone promotes the formation of secondary sex characteristics such as the appearance of pubic, axillary, and facial hair, enhanced hair growth on the chest, and a deepening voice? FSH | back 13 testosterone |
front 14 Which of these male accessory ducts transports both sperm and urine? epididymis | back 14 urethra |
front 15 Which of the following cells is returned to the basal lamina to continue the pool of dividing germ cells? secondary spermatocyte | back 15 Type A daughter cell or spermatogonium |
front 16 Which of the following statements about the female reproductive process is not true? Ovulation usually occurs 14 days after the beginning of menses. Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin. The monthly discharge of the uterus (menses) is initiated by the decrease in secretion of female hormones. Fertilization usually occurs in the uterine tubes. | back 16 Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin. |
front 17 How do the testes respond to exposure to excessive body warmth? Excessive warmth has no effect on the testicles because of their location in the scrotum. They move away from the pelvic cavity. They move close to the pelvic cavity. Excessive warmth is actually beneficial in that it speeds up the maturation of sperm. | back 17 They move away from the pelvic cavity. |
front 18 In humans, separation of the cells at the two-cell state following fertilization may lead to the production of twins, which in this case would be ________. dizygotic | back 18 identical |
front 19 The number of chromosomes in a human gamete is __________; this is referred to as the __________ chromosome number. 23; diploid | back 19 23:haploid |
front 20 Which structure of the female's external genitalia has erectile tissue like the penis? mons pubis | back 20 clitoris |
front 21 The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________. gravity | back 21 peristaltic contractions |
front 22 Which of the choices below is not a function of testosterone? stimulates the male pattern of development contributes to male sexual behavior and spermatogenesis stimulates mammary gland development stimulates protein synthesis | back 22 stimulates mammary gland development |
front 23 Why are the male testes located in the scrotum outside the body? Immature sperm are temperature sensitive. It helps the male secondary sexual characteristics develop. Their external location is necessary for penile development. The testes develop better outside the body. | back 23 Immature sperm are temperature sensitive. |
front 24 During vasectomy, what accessory duct is cut as a form of birth control? ejaculatory duct | back 24 ductus (vas) deferens |
front 25 True or False: The Pap smear is a test to detect cancerous changes in cells of the cervix. | back 25 True |
front 26 The primary function of the uterus is to ________. synthesize female hormones receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum regulate the ovarian and menstrual cycles protect the ovaries | back 26 receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum |
front 27 Why CAN'T polar bodies be fertilized? Polar bodies are diploid. Polar bodies lack nutrient-containing cytoplasm. Polar bodies have too few chromosomes. Polar bodies can be fertilized, resulting in the formation of fraternal twins. | back 27 Polar bodies lack nutrient-containing cytoplasm. |
front 28 What are the two fatty, hair-covered skin folds that run posteriorly from the mons pubis? greater vestibular glands | back 28 labia majora |
front 29 What determines the gender (sex) of a child? hormones produced by the mother sex chromosomes autosomes hormones produced by the father | back 29 hormones produced by the father |
front 30 The "master switch" for male reproductive development is ________. presence of testosterone | back 30 the SRY gene |
front 31 True or False: The ovaries are situated in the peritoneal cavity flanking the uterus. | back 31 True |
front 32 Why doesn't semen enter the urinary bladder during ejaculation? There is no urge to urinate during sexual intercourse because of the suppression of LH by testosterone buildup in the blood. There is no common duct between the reproductive system and the urinary system. Ejaculation is a parasympathetic reflex resulting in no response by urinary contraction muscles. The smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes. | back 32 The smooth muscle sphincter at the base of the urinary bladder closes. |
front 33  Which of the following is housed within the spermatic cord? rete testis | back 33 testicular arteries and veins |
front 34 Which of the following is FALSE regarding the vagina of an adult female? The mucosa of the vagina is stratified squamous epithelium. The vagina is also called the birth canal. The vaginal mucosa lacks glands. The pH of the adult vagina is alkaline. | back 34 The pH of the adult vagina is alkaline. |
front 35 True or False: Oocytes only complete meiosis II if they are fertilized. | back 35 True |
front 36 Which of the following is an INCORRECT matching of female reproductive structures with their functions? vagina/birth canal uterus/the womb (area of development of the fetus) ovarian follicle/ovum (egg) production uterine tube/transport unfertilized ovum to uterus for removal from the body | back 36 uterine tube/transport unfertilized ovum to uterus for removal from the body |
front 37 True or False: Both tetrads and crossovers are seen during meiosis. | back 37 True |
front 38 True or False: Gametes are produced by meiosis. | back 38 True |
front 39  What is the pigmented ring of skin situated slightly below the center of each breast? sebaceous glands | back 39 areola |
front 40 Which of these statements about sexually transmitted infections is false? Syphilis is caused by a virus that may lead to death if untreated. Gonorrhea is caused by a bacterium that can bring on painful discharges in males. Genital herpes is caused by a virus that may cause intermittent lesions. Chlamydia is caused by bacteria that can often be asymptomatic or bring on a wide variety of symptoms. | back 40 Syphilis is caused by a virus that may lead to death if untreated. |
front 41 True or False: When it is cold, the scrotum is pulled away from the body. | back 41 False |
front 42 The duct system of the male reproductive system does not include the ________. ductus deferens | back 42 corpus spongiosum |
front 43  How many functional gametes are produced by oogenesis? one functional gamete | back 43 one functional gamete |
front 44 True or False: The smaller cell produced by oogenesis meiosis I, called the first polar body, is essentially a packet of discarded nuclear material. | back 44 True |
front 45 Which cells produce androgens such as testosterone? sustentocytes (Sertoli cells) | back 45 interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells |
front 46 Why does meiosis involve two nuclear divisions rather than one, as in mitosis? Meiosis produces two genetically identical cells through the two nuclear divisions. Meiosis creates gametes with double the original chromosome number. Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half. Meiosis produces four cells, eachwith identical chromosomes. | back 46 Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half. |
front 47 The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________. the mature ovum is n, while the sperm is 2n during spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell | back 47 in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell |
front 48 True or False: Sperm from the male parent determines the gender of the child. | back 48 True |
front 49 Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females? All lumps identified in breast tissue are malignant. The only time hormones target breast tissue is during pregnancy and lactation. The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system. Both sexes are equally prone to breast cancer. | back 49 The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system. |
front 50 During what phase of the female's uterine (menstrual) cycle is the uterine lining shed? preovulatory phase | back 50 menstual stage |
front 51 Which of the following glands are responsible for about 70% of the volume of semen? the bulbo-urethral glands | back 51 the seminal glands |
front 52 Which layer of the uterine wall is made of smooth muscle? endometrium | back 52 myometrium |
front 53 True or False: Sexually transmitted diseases are an important cause of female fertility problems | back 53 True |
front 54 True or False: The amount of testosterone and sperm produced by the testes is dependent on the influence of FSH alone. | back 54 False |
front 55 True or False: A human egg or sperm contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. | back 55 False |
front 56 Which of the following female structures is homologous to the male scrotum? labia minora | back 56 labia majora |
front 57 True or False: When a couple is having difficulty conceiving a child, it is necessary to investigate the sperm of the male. | back 57 True |
front 58 True or False: Ovarian follicles contain mature eggs. | back 58 False |
front 59 Which male hormone inhibits the secretion of FSH? ICSH | back 59 inhibin |
front 60 If gametes were diploid like somatic cells, how many chromosomes would the zygote contain? triple the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to triple and normal development would not occur twice the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to double and normal development could not occur half the diploid number with no change in development There is no relationship between gametes and somatic cells. | back 60 twice the diploid number, and with every succeeding generation, the chromosome number would continue to double and normal development could not occur |
front 61 At what point during meiosis do homologous chromosomes pair up? prophase I | back 61 Prophase I |
front 62 True or False: The corpus luteum secretes progesterone only. | back 62 False |
front 63 True or False: It is necessary for the testes to be kept below body temperature for abundant, viable sperm formation. | back 63 True |
front 64 What event occurs during the proliferative phase? ovulation menstruation stratum functionalis is shed enrichment of the blood supply and glandular secretions prepare for reception of an embryo | back 64 ovulation |
front 65 Formation of a secondary oocyte occurs during __________. the luteal phase | back 65 the follicular phase |
front 66 Why does only one egg, rather than four eggs, develop during oogenesis, given that spermatogenesis results in four sperm formed from one stem cell? Only one egg can be fertilized at a time. The unequal cytoplasmic division that results in one egg and three polar bodies ensures that a fertilized egg has ample nutrients for its journey to the uterus. Actually, gametogenesis (oogenesis in the female and spermatogenesis in the male) produces four eggs and four sperm. The egg does not go through the meiotic division processes that the sperm undergo | back 66 The unequal cytoplasmic division that results in one egg and three polar bodies ensures that a fertilized egg has ample nutrients for its journey to the uterus. |
front 67 Sperm is produced in the __________ of the testes. tunica albuginea | back 67 seminiferous tubules |
front 68 Why is the blood testis barrier important? because immature sperm cells lose their motility when they encounter any blood component because some blood contents are toxic to the spermatozoa because spermatozoa and developing cells produce surface antigens that are recognized as foreign by the immune system because the barrier traps sex hormones, keeping them at a higher level than the blood. | back 68 because spermatozoa and developing cells produce surface antigens that are recognized as foreign by the immune system |
front 69 The structures that receive the ovulated oocyte, providing a site for fertilization, are called the ________. infundibula | back 69 uterine tubes |
front 70 True or False: The primary function of the testes is to produce testosterone. | back 70 False |
front 71 The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________. interstitial endocrine cells | back 71 interstitial endocrine cells |
front 72 Which of the following is the haploid cell produced as a result of meiosis I? type A daughter cell secondary spermatocyte primary spermatocyte spermatogonium | back 72 secondary spermatocyte |
front 73 A surge in __________ directly triggers ovulation.A surge in __________ directly triggers ovulation. progesterone luteinizing hormone (LH) estrogen follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | back 73 luteinizing hormone (LH) |
front 74 During the secretory phase of the uterine cycle __________. the endometrium is shed the functional layer of the endometrium regenerates the endometrium prepares for implantation ovulation occurs | back 74 the endometrium prepares for implantation |
front 75 The most important risk for testicular cancer in young males is ________ .sexually transmitted infections a diet high in fat undescended testes smoking | back 75 undescended testes |
front 76 The testis is divided into seminiferous tubules which contain the lobules that produce sperm and the ejaculatory duct that allows the sperm to be ejected from the body. True or False | back 76 False |
front 77 The male urethra serves the urinary system only. True False | back 77 False |
front 78 The ability of a male to ejaculate is due to the action of ________.luteinizing hormone the dartos muscle parasympathetic nerves the bulbospongiosus muscles | back 78 the bulbospongiosus muscles |
front 79 What part of the breast produces milk? alveoli lactiferous sinus lactiferous duct sareola | back 79 alveoli |
front 80 The __________ connects the uterus to the vagina. fallopian tube round ligament fimbriae cervix | back 80 cervix |
front 81 The __________, a layer of the endometrium, is shed during each menstruation and is then regenerated by the __________. stratum functionalis; myometrium stratum basalis; stratum functionalis stratum functionalis; stratum basalis myometrium; perimetrium | back 81 stratum functionalis; stratum basalis |
front 82 Which of the choices below is not a function of the vagina? serves as a passageway for menstrual flow receives semen from the penis during sexual intercourse serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte serves as the birth canal | back 82 serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte |
front 83 During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________. LH reaches its highest levels estrogen reaches its highest levels progesterone levels are at their highest the Graafian follicle forms | back 83 progesterone levels are at their highest |
front 84 The release of __________ encourages interstitial endocrine cells to release __________ .luteinizing hormone; testosterone inhibin; testosterone follicle-stimulating hormone; androgen binding protein luteinizing hormone; androgen-binding protein | back 84 luteinizing hormone; testosterone |