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Take Home Festival Chapter 25 The Urinary System

front 1

Which region of the kidney is characterized by the presence of cone-shaped pyramids? Select from letters A-D.

A
B
C
D

back 1

B

front 2

Which letter represents the most superficial region of the kidney? Select from letters A-D.

A
B
C
D

back 2

A

front 3

Which pressure is the chief force pushing water and solutes out of the blood and across the filtration membrane of the glomerulus?

hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries (HPgc)
colloid osmotic pressure in the capsular space
hydrostatic pressure in the capsular space (HPcs)
colloid osmotic pressure in glomerular capillaries (OPgc)

back 3

hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries (HPgc)

front 4

Which of the three parts of the renal tubule is formed by cuboidal epithelial cells bordered by dense microvilli?

collecting duct
nephron loop
distal convoluted tubule
proximal convoluted tubule

back 4

proximal convoluted tubule

front 5

The __________ collect(s) urine, which drains continuously from the papillae; the urine is then emptied into the __________.
calyces; renal pelvis
renal pyramids; renal pelvis
renal pelvis; calyces
renal pyramids; calyces

back 5

calyces; renal pelvis

front 6

Each nephron contains a __________, which is a tuft of capillaries, and a __________.
renal plexus and glomerular capsule; glomerulus
glomerulus; renal tubule
renal plexus; renal tubule
glomerulus; renal plexus

back 6

glomerulus; renal tubule

front 7

The renal corpuscle is made up of ________.
the renal pyramid
Bowman's capsule and glomerulus
the renal papilla
the descending loop of Henle

back 7

Bowman's capsule and glomerulus

front 8

The functional and structural unit of the kidneys is the ________.
glomerular capsule
capsular space
nephron
nephron loop

back 8

nephron

front 9

Which cells of the kidney are chemoreceptors that respond to changes in solute content of the filtrate?
mesangial cells
juxtaglomerular cells
macula densa cells
podocytes

back 9

macula densa cells

front 10

Having a kinked ureter is called renal ptosis.
True
False

back 10

False

front 11

In what part of the renal tubule does parathyroid hormone (PTH) promote the reabsorption of calcium ions?

distal convoluted tubule (DCT)
collecting duct
proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
descending limb of the nephron loop

back 11

distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

front 12

Which statement best describes the effect diuretics have?

Diuretics increase water reabsorption as a way to decrease the osmolality of the extracellular fluids.
Diuretics promote the formation of the medullary gradient by acting on the ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Diuretics increase urinary output.
Diuretics promote sodium reabsorption and enhance the obligatory water reabsorption that follows.

back 12

Diuretics increase urinary output.

front 13

Under normal conditions, the large renal arteries deliver one-fourth of the total cardiac output (about 1200 ml) to the kidneys each minute.
True
False

back 13

True