front 1 Which of the following is not one of the four types of charging documents? | back 1 Writ of certiorari |
front 2 Which of the following court members dominates the grand jury | back 2 no data |
front 3 A defendant's guilty plea must be | back 3 no data |
front 4 cash bond | back 4 The accused must post either the full amount of cash bail with the court or a percentage of it in the form of a cash bond. All of this money will be returned when all court appearances are satisfied. because it requires a large amount of cash, this form of bail is seldom used. |
front 5 Indictment | back 5 formal accusation of a criminal offense made against a person by a grand jury |
front 6 complaint | back 6 A charge signed by the arresting officer that named had committed a specified offense. |
front 7 Information | back 7 A formal accusation charging someone with the commission of a crime, signed by a prosecuting attorney, which has the effect of bringing the person to trial. |
front 8 The informal and formal exchange of information between the prosecutor and the defense attorney prior to trial is called what? | back 8 Discovery |
front 9 What Amendment guarantees that "in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury | back 9 6th |
front 10 A trial before a judge without a jury is called a(n) | back 10 Bench trial |
front 11 sometimes, the police exercise considerable influence by pressuring prosecutors to overcharge defendants or to file charge even though the evidence is weak | back 11 false |
front 12 What must be supported by oath or affirmation of either the victim or the arresting officer? it is most commonly used in prosecuting misdemeanor offenses or city order violations. | back 12 complaint |
front 13 if a person is indicted, s/he is | back 13 Charged with a crime. |
front 14 In some jurisdictions, misdemeanor defendants enter a plea of guilty and are sentenced at which stage? | back 14 Initial appearance |
front 15 The uniform crime Report's Type 1 offenses are also referred to as | back 15 Index crimes |
front 16 The standard of proof at a preliminary hearing is probable cause | back 16 True |
front 17 What criminal justice actors is most likely to file a bill of information | back 17 The prosecutor |
front 18 Which Amendment to the U.S constitution state: "No human shall be hold to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury? | back 18 5th |
front 19 which of the following is a power of the grand Jury? | back 19 All of these are are powers of the grand jury. |
front 20 The burden of proof required at a preliminary hearing is | back 20 Proof beyond a reasonable doubt |
front 21 The return of a grand jury indictment is also referred to as | back 21 A true bill. |
front 22 What are the three most common types of plea bargains? | back 22 Charge bargaining, count bargaining, and sentence bargaining |
front 23 When the prosecutor allows the defendant to plea guilty to a less serious charge than the one originally filed this is called | back 23 Charge bargaining |
front 24 when the prosecutor allows the defendant to plea guilty to one charge and dismisses the rest this is called | back 24 count bargaining |
front 25 which of the following actors would be in favor of broader discovery laws? | back 25 defense attorney |
front 26 release on recognizance is one way to secure pretrial release | back 26 true |
front 27 The two primary duties of the grand jury have been summarized in the phrase | back 27 "shield and sword" |
front 28 During what part of the criminal court process does a defendant enter a plea | back 28 Arraignment |
front 29 Which amendment state:" In all criminal prosecutors, the accused shall enjoy the right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation? | back 29 6th Amendment |
front 30 Opening statement | back 30 statement made by both attorneys at the beginning of a trial explaining to the fact-finder what they believe the evidence in the case can prove. |
front 31 closing statement | back 31 statement made by attorney at the end of the presentation of evidence in which the attorney summarizes the case for thr juty |
front 32 Jury instructions | back 32 Direction given by a judge to the member of the jury informing them of the law applicable to the case |
front 33 Rebuttal | back 33 Rebuttal witness may be called by the prosecutor of defense in order to discredit testimony or evidence brought by the opening counsel during their case-in-chief. |
front 34 Case-in-Chief | back 34 The main evidence offered by the prosecutor or defense which includes all evidence, witnesses, direct/cross examination and strategies of the case presentation. |
front 35 Drug crimes are categorized as Type 1 offenses in the Uniform Crime Reports | back 35 False |
front 36 Grand Juries decide the guilt or innocence for defendants charged with felony offenses, | back 36 False |
front 37 The main difference between a guilty plea and a no contest plea is that the latter | back 37 cannot be used in a civil proceeding against the defendant |
front 38 The exclusionary rule applies to | back 38 the exclusionary rule applies to all of these |
front 39 what do adherents of the crime control model oppose plea bargaining ? | back 39 They believe defendants get off too lightly |
front 40 Criminal trials start with two presumptions: the presumption of innocence and the presumption of.... | back 40 Sanity |
front 41 the strength of the evidence police provide to prosecutors is one of the most important factors influencing whether prosecutors file criminal charges | back 41 True |
front 42 Bail bond | back 42 The arrestee hires a bail agent, who posts the amount required and charges a fee for service rendered, usually 10% of the amount of the bond |
front 43 Property bond | back 43 most states allow a defendant to use a piece of property as collateral |
front 44 arrest warrant | back 44 An official document, signed by a judge, accusing an individual of a crime and authorizing law enforcement. |
front 45 Flight risk | back 45 used to determine the likelihood of a defendant intentionally fleeing from and avoiding the pretrial process |
front 46 during what phase of the criminal justice process is the felony defendant formally accused of a crime and called upon to enter a pea | back 46 Arriagnment |
front 47 Which of the following term means that there is a "fair probability" that a felony was committed? | back 47 probable cause |
front 48 the traditional legal rule regarding confessions is that confessions_______________ | back 48 must be free and voluntary |
front 49 what plea has the same consequences in criminal court as a guilty plea? | back 49 nolo contendere (No contest) |
front 50 the questioning of potential jurors is called? | back 50 Voir dire |
front 51 A defendant who pleads guilty is generally required to read and sign what form? | back 51 A BoyKin form |
front 52 Which U.S supreme court case held that police must inform suspects of their rights prior to custodial interrogation | back 52 Miranda V. Arizona |
front 53 Challenges to jurors that require a justification are called challenges__________ | back 53 for cause |
front 54 In which of the following U.S supreme court decisions was the exclusionary rule developed? | back 54 U.S. V. Miller |
front 55 Challenging a jurors that do not require reasons are termed______ | back 55 peremptory challenges |
front 56 which of the following is the primary requirement for a search warrant? | back 56 Probable cause |
front 57 What happens immediately prior to a jury beginning deliberations? | back 57 the judge instructs the jury |
front 58 which amendment to the U.S. constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures | back 58 4th Amendment |
front 59 what is the term indicating that a prosecutor in a criminal cases must produce some evidence to justify moving a case forward? | back 59 Burden of production |
front 60 what Amendment gives a criminal defendant the privilege not to testify at trial? | back 60 5th Amendment. |
front 61 Retribution | back 61 A concept that applies the payment of a debt to society and thus the expiation of one's offense |
front 62 Deterrence | back 62 the purpose of punishment is the prevention of future crime |
front 63 severity | back 63 The more severe the punishment the less likely the offender is to do the crime again |
front 64 Certainty | back 64 the more likely the offender is going to be caught, the less likely the offender is to commit crime again |
front 65 Rehabilitation | back 65 Criminal behavior is the result of social or psychological disorders, and the treatment of such disorders should be the focus of correction |
front 66 Incapacitation | back 66 Crime can be prevented if criminals are physically restrained |
front 67 Restoration | back 67 Criminal Justice should be about repairing injury |
front 68 Who should decide the sentence? | back 68 Legislative sentence responsibility
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front 69 Rehabilitation model | back 69 Wide discretion |
front 70 Cruel and unusual punishment | back 70 8TH amendment |
front 71 executive sentencing responsibility | back 71 Governors, parole boards, departments of corrections carry out the sentences imposed by judges. |
front 72 Imprisonment | back 72
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front 73 Probation | back 73
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front 74 Judge | back 74
rely on the work ground who has the most knowledge of the case |
front 75 Prosecutor | back 75 count or charge bargain |
front 76 Defense Attorney | back 76 Trial or guilty plea Judge shopping communicate with prosecutor |
front 77 probation officer | back 77 Supervision |
front 78 Probation | back 78 before prison |
front 79 Parole | back 79 After prison |
front 80 Aggravating | back 80 Use of weapon |
front 81 mitigating | back 81 Youth of the defendant |
front 82 Law in controversy | back 82 Uncertainty and public opinion
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front 83 Due process model | back 83 Advocates feared excessive discretion |
front 84 Crime control | back 84 Advocate feared discretion reduced crime control |
front 85 Appellate court | back 85 they are created because several heads are better than one when examining legal question |
front 86 the purpose of Appeal | back 86
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front 87 Dissenting opinion | back 87 explains why they believe their fellow judges reaches the wrong conclusion |
front 88 Concurring opinion | back 88 judges agree with the opinion and wants to emphasize certain points |
front 89 plurality opinion | back 89 limits or no precedential value because there is no majority decision |