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26 notecards = 7 pages (4 cards per page)

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Chapter 13 Viruses

front 1

General Characteristics of Viruses

back 1

  • small size (nm)
  • acellular/noncellular
  • single type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
  • protein coat
  • obligate intracellular parasites

front 2

Viral Structure

back 2

- virion: fully developed virus particle, infections

- nucleic acid

* DNA or RNA

* single-stranded or double stranded (ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA, dsRNA)

* linear, circular & segmented

front 3

Viral Structure: Capsid

back 3

  • protein nucleic acid
  • made of capsomeres
  • may have spikes

front 4

Viral Structure: Enzymes

back 4

- use host cell machinery

* drugs that interfere with viral reproduction also disrupt host cell function

- some package their own (viral) enzymes

* we can target these with drugs

front 5

Viral Structure: Envelope

back 5

- naked non-envelope

- enveloped viruses

* phospholipid membrane around capsid

* from host plasma or nuclear membrane

* must stay moist during spread from host to host

front 6

Viral Structure: Envelope

back 6

- viral & host specific proteins/carbs

* adsorption/attachment sites (bind host receptor)

~ naked viruses

~ enveloped viruses

* determine host range

* example: influenza & HIV

front 7

Attachment

back 7

no data

front 8

Hemagglutination

back 8

no data

front 9

Antigenic Drift

back 9

  • only RNA viruses can go through this

front 10

Classification

back 10

  • nucleic acid
  • size & shape
  • +/- envelope
  • strategy for replication

front 11

Virus Taxonomy

back 11

  • 6 orders -virales
  • 87 families -viridae
  • 19 subfamilies -
  • 248 genera -virus

front 12

Growth of Viruses

back 12

no data

front 13

Virus Plaques

back 13

no data

front 14

Viral Multiplication

back 14

no data

front 15

Lytic Cycle

back 15

no data

front 16

Comparison of Bacterial & Animal Virus Replication

back 16

no data

front 17

Virus Entry

back 17

no data

front 18

Animal Viral Biosynthesis: DNA Genomes

back 18

no data

front 19

Animal Viral Biosynthesis: RNA Genomes

back 19

no data

front 20

Release By Budding or Lysis

back 20

no data

front 21

Influenza Virus

back 21

no data

front 22

Antigenic Shift

back 22

no data

front 23

Retrovirus: HIV Virion Structure

back 23

no data

front 24

HIV Lifecycle

back 24

no data

front 25

HIV Activation

back 25

no data

front 26

Inhibition of HIV

back 26

no data