Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

30 notecards = 8 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Mastering Biology Chapter 33

front 1

Certain nutrients are considered "essential" in the diets of some animals because

back 1

these animals are not able to synthesize these nutrients

front 2

To maintain adequate nutrition, animals require dietary access to certain amino acids. An amino acid that is referred to as "nonessential" would be best described as one that

back 2

can be made by the animal's body from other substances

front 3

Which pair correctly associates a physiological process with the appropriate vitamin?

back 3

normal vision and vitamin A

front 4

The fat-soluble vitamins include

back 4

vitamin A

front 5

A general rule relating the capacity of a specific animal's digestive system to provide adequate access to substrates for biosynthesis of cellular components, as well as fuel molecules needed for ATP production, is that the animal should have access to

back 5

a diet that matches the "food pyramid" for the species

front 6

Excessive iron absorption and accumulation to toxic levels is associated with

back 6

the genetic disorder known as hemochromatosis

front 7

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids; both digestive processes

back 7

add a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis)

front 8

Ingested dietary substances must cross cell membranes to be used by the body, a process known as

back 8

absorption

front 9

In marine sponges, intracellular digestion of peptides is usually immediately preceded by

back 9

endocytosis

front 10

An advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity is that the complete system

back 10

allows for specialized regions with specialized functions

front 11

Because the foods eaten by animals are often composed largely of macromolecules, this requires the animals to have mechanisms for

back 11

enzymatic hydrolysis

front 12

The large surface area in the gut directly facilitates

back 12

absorption

front 13

In the digestive system, peristalsis is

back 13

smooth muscle contractions that move food along the esophagus

front 14

After ingestion by humans, the first category of macromolecules to be chemically digested by enzymes in the mouth is

back 14

carbohydrates

front 15

Salivary amylase digests

back 15

starches

front 16

Digestive secretions with a pH of 2 are characteristic of the

back 16

stomach

front 17

Pepsin is a digestive enzym that

back 17

begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach

front 18

Upon activation by stomach acidity, the secretions of the parietal cells

back 18

initiate the digestion of protein in the stomach.

front 19

The bile salts

back 19

emulsify fats in the duodenum

front 20

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream as

back 20

monomers

front 21

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

back 21

pepsin

front 22

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

back 22

most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood

front 23

For a nondiabetic person, the glucose concentration in this part of the vasculature varies more than in any other part.

back 23

hepatic portal vessel

front 24

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

back 24

protein-digesting enzymes

front 25

Because adult lampreys attach onto the surface of large fish for long periods of time to feed on body fluids, they can accomplish nutritional balance without need for a

back 25

stomach

front 26

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that

back 26

promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine

front 27

Historically inaccurate diagnosis of acid reflux disorders and gastric ulcers has been improved by

back 27

the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infection

front 28

A hiatal hernia that disrupts the functional relationship between the smooth muscle in the esophagus and that in the stomach would be most likely to increase the frequency of

back 28

gastric reflux

front 29

The cells that secrete the acidic components of stomach juices are

back 29

the parietal cells of the stomach

front 30

Stomach cells are moderately well adapted to the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach by having

back 30

a thick, mucous secretion and active mitosis of epithelial cells