Print Options

Card layout: ?

← Back to notecard set|Easy Notecards home page

Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

81 notecards = 21 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Proc pelvis

front 1

Refer to the image. What anatomy is labeled as letter C?

iliac crest
AIIS
ASIS
ala of ilium

back 1

ASIS

front 2

Situation: A patient comes to radiology with a request for a right hip study. He is from an extended care facility and is confused about the cause of the injury. The technologist takes an AP pelvis, and when the lateral frog-leg projection is attempted, the patient complains loudly about the pain in his affected hip. What should the technologist do to complete the study?

Continue to position the patient, but move the affected limb more gently
Perform the axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection
Perform the anterior pelvis (Taylor) outlet projection
Perform the AP pelvis projection only

back 2

Perform the axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection

front 3

The term pelvic girdle refers to the total pelvis including the sacrum and coccyx.
False
True

back 3

False

front 4

Refer to the image. What projection and anatomy of interest is depicted?

AP axial (Taylor); anterior pelvic bones
AP axial (Bridgeman); pelvic inlet
AP oblique (modified Cleaves); femoral necks
AP oblique (Cleaves); femoral necks

back 4

AP oblique (modified Cleaves); femoral necks

front 5

A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the right iliac wing is foreshortened as compared with the left side. What specific positioning problem is present on this radiograph?
Incorrect CR centering or angulation
Right rotation
Left rotation
Right tilt

back 5

Left rotation

front 6

The internal oblique position of the AP oblique projection (Judet method) demonstrates the:
iliopubic column and anterior rim of acetabulum
ilioischial column and anterior rim of acetabulum
ilioischial column and posterior rim of acetabulum
iliopubic column and posterior rim of acetabulum

back 6

iliopubic column and posterior rim of acetabulum

front 7

What CR angle is required for the AP axial, inlet projection?
10 to 15 degrees cephalad
30 degrees cephalad
40 degrees caudad
20 to 30 degrees caudad

back 7

40 degrees caudad

front 8

The letter B on the illustration below identifies the :

ilioischel column
iliopubic column
acetabulum column
ischelpubic column

back 8

iliopubic column

front 9

The angle of the SI joints is ____ degrees relative to the midsagittal plane.
30 to 35 degrees
10 degrees
25 to 30 degrees
20 degrees

back 9

25 to 30 degrees

front 10

A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the left obturator foramen is more open or elongated as compared with the right. What is the specific positioning error present on this radiograph?
Right rotation
Left tilt
Incorrect CR centering or angulation
Left rotation

back 10

Right rotation

front 11

A radiograph of an AP pelvis demonstrates that the right obturator foramen is foreshortened but the left foramen is open. Which one of the following positioning errors is present on this radiograph?
Right tilt
Excessive CR angle
Left rotation
Right rotation

back 11

Right rotation

front 12

Which of the following imaging modalities will best detect early signs of bone infection of the pelvis?
Nuclear medicine
MRI
CT
Radiography

back 12

Nuclear medicine

front 13

The below pictured projection is called the:

Cleaves Method
Bridgeman Method
Judet Method
Taylor Method

back 13

Bridgeman Method

front 14

Unless contraindicated, the lower limb and leg should be internally rotated for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller). How many degrees of rotation are required?
10 degrees
15 degrees
20 degrees
15 to 20 degrees

back 14

15 to 20 degrees

front 15

Which projection of the hip is shown in the figure above?
axiolateral
lateral
axiolateral oblique
superoinferior

back 15

axiolateral

front 16

The posterior oblique (Judet method) for the acetabulum requires a 10- to 15-degree rotation of the body.
True
False

back 16

False

front 17

Which of the following describes the direction of the central ray for an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)?
(1) perpendicular to the IR
(2) perpendicular to the long axis of the femoral neck
(3) perpendicular to the long axis of the femur
1 and 2
1 and 3
1, 2, and 3
2 and 3

back 17

1 and 2

front 18

A radiograph of an AP axial (Taylor) “outlet” projection reveals that the obturator foramina are not symmetric. What type of positioning problem is present on this radiograph?
Rotation of the pelvis
Probable fracture of the pubis or ischium
The CR was off-center
Tilt of the pelvis

back 18

Rotation of the pelvis

front 19

A radiograph of an LPO projection for sacroiliac joints reveals that the ilium is superimposed over the involved joint. What type of positioning error is present on this radiograph?
Excessive rotation or obliquity
Incorrect CR angulation
Tilt toward the right
Insufficient rotation or obliquity

back 19

Excessive rotation or obliquity

front 20

The body is placed at what angle for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?
45 degrees
50 degrees
40 to 50 degrees
45 to 60 degrees

back 20

45 degrees

front 21

The following projection is being demonstrated in the image below:

Ilium Projection
Inlet Projection
Outlet Projection
Acetabulum Projection

back 21

Inlet Projection

front 22

For the AP oblique femoral necks (modified Cleaves method), the central ray is directed:
35 degrees
45 degrees
0 degrees
15 degrees

back 22

0 degrees

front 23

How much is the central ray angled for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?
10 degrees
15 degrees
12 degrees
0 degrees

back 23

0 degrees

front 24

Examine this AP oblique (Judet) image of the right hip obtained with the patient positioned for the internal oblique. What is the anatomy of interest?

anterior acetabular rim and ilioischial column
posterior acetabular rim and ilioischial column
anterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column
posterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column

back 24

posterior acetabular rim and iliopubic column

front 25

The following projection is being demonstrated in the image below:

Bridgeman Method Projection
Clements-Nakayama Projection
Taylor Method Projection
Judet Projection Projection

back 25

Bridgeman Method Projection

front 26

How much should the thighs be abducted for the AP oblique projection of the femoral necks (modified Cleaves method)?
30 degrees
10 degrees
45 degrees
20 degrees

back 26

45 degrees

front 27

Which bones fuse to form the acetabulum?
Pubis, ilium, and sacrum
Ischium and pubis
Ischium, pubis, and ilium
Ilium and ischium

back 27

Ischium, pubis, and ilium

front 28

Where is the IR centered for an AP pelvis?
at the level of the ASIS
2 inches below the iliac crest
midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis
at the level of the pubic symphysis

back 28

midway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

front 29

Using the above hip localization method, the femoral head can be located:
1½ inches (4 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks.
1 inch (2.5 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks.
2½ inches (6 to 7 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks.
at the level of the symphysis pubis.

back 29

1½ inches (4 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks.

front 30

Which bone of the pelvic girdle forms the anterior inferior aspect?
Ischium
Pubis
Sacrum
Ilium

back 30

Pubis

front 31

The following position is demonstrating which of the following Methods ?

Bridgeman Method
Jedet Method
Taylor Method
Clements-Nakayama Method

back 31

Clements-Nakayama Method

front 32

Which of the following methods demonstrate the hip in an axiolateral projection?
Danelius-Miller
modified Cleaves
Chassard-Lapiné
Lauenstein, Hickey

back 32

Danelius-Miller

front 33

How much is the image receptor tilted from the horizontal for the modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama) projection?
5 to 10 degrees
None. The IR must be keep perpendicular to the tabletop
25 to 30 degrees
15 to 20 degrees

back 33

15 to 20 degrees

front 34

The respiration phase for the axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller) is:
inspiration
shallow breathing
expiration
suspended respiration

back 34

suspended respiration

front 35

Examine this AP oblique (Judet) image of the right hip obtained with the patient positioned for the internal oblique. What patient position is depicted in this image?

45 degrees LPO
45 degrees RAO
45 degrees RPO
45 degrees LAO

back 35

45 degrees LPO

front 36

Refer to the image. What anatomy is labeled as letter B?

lesser trochanter
iliac crest
acetabulum
femoral head

back 36

lesser trochanter

front 37

Situation: A patient comes to the ED with a possible pelvic ring fracture. The initial AP pelvis projection is inconclusive. What other projection can be taken to assist with the diagnosis?
Modified bilateral axiolateral projections
AP, bilateral frog-leg projection
AP axial inlet projection
Posterior oblique positions for SI joints

back 37

AP axial inlet projection

front 38

The image receptor must be placed parallel to the femoral neck for the axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of the hip.
False
True

back 38

True

front 39

A radiograph of a right SI joint demonstrates it open and clearly seen. Which of the following positions was performed?
LAO
RPO
LPO
AP

back 39

LPO

front 40

The below pectured projection is called the :

Cleaves Method
Bridgeman Method
Taylor Method
Judet Method

back 40

Taylor Method

front 41

The radiograph below best demonstrates which area the best:

acetabulum column
ilioischel column
ischeopubic column
iliopubic column

back 41

ilioischel column

front 42

A radiograph of an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of the hip reveals a soft tissue artifact seen across the affected hip. This artifact prevents a clear view of the femoral head and neck. What must the technologist do to eliminate this artifact or its effect during the repeat exposure?
Slightly rotate the patient toward the affected side and angle 5 degrees caudad.
Increase the elevation and flexion of the patient’s unaffected leg.
Ensure that the CR is centered to the grid to prevent grid cutoff.
Increase the kV.

back 42

Increase the elevation and flexion of the patient’s unaffected leg.

front 43

Which of the following describes the position of the IR for the axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)?
(1) parallel with the long axis of the femoral neck
(2) its upper border in the crease above the iliac crest
(3) perpendicular to the long axis of the femur
2 and 3
1 and 3
1 and 2
1, 2, and 3

back 43

1 and 2

front 44

Which of the following lateral hip projections cannot be performed on a trauma patient with a possible hip fracture?
Judet method
Danelius-Miller
Clements-Nakayama
Modified Cleaves method

back 44

Modified Cleaves method

front 45

Which of the following methods will demonstrate the hip in a lateral projection?
Danelius-Miller
Cleaves
modified Cleaves
Lauenstein, Hickey

back 45

Lauenstein, Hickey

front 46

Situation: A patient enters the ED with a possible separation of the symphysis pubis due to trauma. The AP pelvis projection is inconclusive for determining the extent of the injury. What other projection can be taken to evaluate this region?
AP axial “inlet” projection
Axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection
Posterior oblique (Judet) projection
AP axial (Taylor) outlet projection

back 46

AP axial (Taylor) outlet projection

front 47

The proper name of the method used for the unilateral frog-leg projection is the:
Taylor.
Grashey.
modified Cleaves.
Danelius-Miller.

back 47

modified Cleaves.

front 48

Which of the following projections can be performed with one exposure if a compensating filter is used?
axiolateral hip (Danelius-Miller method)
AP hip
AP oblique acetabulum (Judet method)
AP oblique ilium

back 48

axiolateral hip (Danelius-Miller method)

front 49

The radiograph below best demonstrates which area the best:

ischeopubic column
iliopubic column
ilioischel column
acetabulum column

back 49

iliopubic column

front 50

Refer to the image. What projection (method) is demonstrated?

mediolateral (Lauenstein)
AP oblique (modified Cleaves)
axiolateral (Danelius-Miller)
AP oblique (Judet)

back 50

axiolateral (Danelius-Miller)

front 51

A radiograph of an axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection reveals that there is an excessive amount of grid lines present. A 6:1 linear grid was used. Which of the following points will correct this problem on the repeat exposure?
Keep the image receptor perpendicular to the femoral neck.
Decrease the SID.
Keep the image receptor parallel to the femoral neck.
Use a screen rather than a grid.

back 51

Keep the image receptor parallel to the femoral neck.

front 52

Refer to the image. What positioning error is evident?

The knees were not flexed to reduce lordotic curve.
The lower limbs were not externally rotated.
None. This image meets all evaluation criteria.
The lower limbs were not internally rotated

back 52

The lower limbs were not internally rotated

front 53

The following projection is being demonstrated in the image below :

Acetabulum Projection
Outlet Projection
Inlet Projection
Ilium Projection

back 53

Outlet Projection

front 54

Which of the following bony structures cannot be palpated?
ASIS
Symphysis pubis
Ischial spine
Ischial tuberosity

back 54

Ischial spine

front 55

Situation: A patient enters the ED with possible bilateral fractured hips. Which of the following routines should be performed?
AP pelvis and axiolateral (inferosuperior) projections for both hips
AP pelvis and bilateral frog-leg projections
AP pelvis and posterior oblique (Judet) projections
AP pelvis and modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method) projections for both hips

back 55

AP pelvis and modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method) projections for both hips

front 56

The following projection is being demonstrated in the image below :

Clements-Nakayama Projection
Judet Projection Projection
Bridgeman Method Projection
Taylor Method Projection

back 56

Taylor Method Projection

front 57

Which of the following devices are necessary to perform an axiolateral projection of the hip (Danelius-Miller)?
(1) sandbags
(2) leg support device
(3) vertical IR holder
2 and 3
1 and 3
1 and 2
1, 2, and 3

back 57

1, 2, and 3

front 58

Where is the central ray directed for the AP oblique projection (modified Cleaves) of the femoral necks?
1 inch inferior to the pubic symphysis
at the pubic symphysis
2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis
1 inch superior to the pubic symphysis

back 58

1 inch superior to the pubic symphysis

front 59

In the below illustration, the Right acetabulum is demonstated in the which of the follolwing

None of the above
Internal Oblique Position
Exteranl Oblique Position
Neutral Oblique Position

back 59

Internal Oblique Position

front 60

Which of the following projections provides the greatest amount of gonadal dose for a male patient (without the use of shielding)?
AP hip projection
Axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection
AP bilateral frog-leg (modified Cleaves) projection
AP pelvis projection

back 60

Axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection

front 61

The below pictured projection is called the :

Taylor Method
Bridgeman Method
Judet Method
Cleaves Method

back 61

Judet Method

front 62

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the superior and posterior rim of the acetabulum?
AP axial (Taylor method)
Posterior oblique (Judet method)
Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method)
RPO and LPO projections

back 62

Posterior oblique (Judet method)

front 63

Refer to the image. What anatomy is labeled as letter C?

femoral neck
acetabulum
iliac crest
femoral head

back 63

femoral head

front 64

The AP axial projection (Bridgeman method) requires the central ray be directed:
40 degrees caudad
20 to 35 degrees caudad for males; 30 to 45 degrees caudad for females
perpendicular
40 degrees cephalad

back 64

40 degrees caudad

front 65

What is the central-ray entrance point for the AP oblique projection (Judet method) of the acetabulum?
2 inches inferior to the ASIS
3 inches superior to the ASIS
3 inches inferior to the ASIS
2 inches superior to the ASIS

back 65

2 inches inferior to the ASIS

front 66

Which part of the acetabulum is being best demonstrated ?

Anterior rim of the acetabulum
Posterior rim of the acetabulum

back 66

Posterior rim of the acetabulum

front 67

The use of the 80 kV technique (as opposed to 90) with a corresponding mAs change for an AP pelvis projection will result in higher contrast but will have what effect on the male and female gonadal dose?
Will reduce dose by 10% to 15%
Will reduce dose by 20% to 30%
Will increase dose by 20% to 30%
None of the above; difference is not measurable

back 67

Will increase dose by 20% to 30%

front 68

Which part of the acetabulum is being best demonstrated ?

Anterior rim of the acetabulum
Posterior rim of the acetabulm

back 68

Anterior rim of the acetabulum

front 69

During a repeat study of the AP axial (Taylor) outlet projection, both obturator foramina are symmetric but foreshortened. Which of the following positioning modifications must be performed to correct this error?
Correct for rotation.
Use a perpendicular CR.
Increase the cephalic CR angulation.
Increase the caudal CR angulation.

back 69

Increase the cephalic CR angulation.

front 70

What CR angle must be used for an AP axial (Taylor method) “outlet” projection for a male patient?
15 to 20 degrees cephalad
20 to 35 degrees cephalad
20 to 35 degrees caudad
0 degrees (CR perpendicular to the image receptor)

back 70

20 to 35 degrees cephalad

front 71

The radiograph below best demonstrates the Right hip in which of the following

None of the above
Exteranl Oblique Position
Internal Oblique Position
Neutral Oblique Position

back 71

Exteranl Oblique Position

front 72

A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the lesser trochanters are not visualized. This pelvis projection was performed for nontraumatic reasons. What should the technologist do (if anything) to correct this on the repeat exposure?
Do nothing. Accept the radiograph and don’t repeat the exposure.
Ensure that the ASIS is an equal distance from the tabletop.
Angle the CR 10 to 15 degrees cephalad.
Rotate the lower limbs more internally.

back 72

Do nothing. Accept the radiograph and don’t repeat the exposure.

front 73

The lesser sciatic notch is an aspect of the:
sacrum.
ilium.
ischium.
pubis.

back 73

ischium

front 74

Which of the following projections would be best for a patient with trauma to both proximal femurs (in addition to the AP pelvis)?
Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama)
Axiolateral (inferosuperior)
Anterior oblique (Teufel)
AP axial (Taylor)

back 74

Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama)

front 75

How much obliquity of the body is required for posterior oblique positions for the sacroiliac joints?
10 to 15 degrees
45 degrees
25 to 30 degrees
60 to 70 degrees

back 75

25 to 30 degrees

front 76

The letter A on the illustration below identifies the :

iliopubic column
ischelpubic column
acetabulum column
ilioischel column

back 76

ilioischel column

front 77

The LPO position for sacroiliac joints will best demonstrate the right joint.
True
False

back 77

True False

front 78

Situation: A patient enters ED with a possible pelvic ring fracture due to a MVA. The initial pelvis projections do not reveal any fracture or dislocation, but the ED physician is concerned about a possible right acetabular fracture. Which of the following projections will best demonstrate the right acetabulum?
Axiolateral inferosuperior projection (Danelius-Miller method)
AP axial inlet projection
Modified axiolateral projection (Clements-Nakayama method)
Posterior oblique pelvis projection (Judet method)

back 78

Posterior oblique pelvis projection (Judet method)

front 79

Only a small part of the lesser trochanter, if any, will be visible on a well-positioned axiolateral (inferosuperior) lateral hip.
True
False

back 79

True

front 80

The external oblique position of the AP oblique projection (Judet method) demonstrates the:
ilioischial column and anterior rim of acetabulum
iliopubic column and posterior rim of acetabulum
iliopubic column and anterior rim of acetabulum
ilioischial column and posterior rim of acetabulum

back 80

ilioischial column and anterior rim of acetabulum

front 81

Refer to the image. What anatomy is labeled as letter A?

greater trochanter
femoral neck
femoral head
acetabulum

back 81

acetabulum