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Chapter 14 Fluroscopy Physics II

front 1

The overall ability of the image intensifier to make the image brighter is the

back 1

brightness gain

front 2

The __________ is bonded directly to the input phospher.

back 2

photocathode

front 3

The conversion factor is a(n) ________ term for brightness gain and is typically approximately ______ of the brightness gain value.

back 3

newer; 1%

front 4

When the camera tube's electron stream travels across the target, if there is light present

back 4

electrons are transmitted

front 5

Typical fluroscopic systems have spatial resolution capabilities in the range of

back 5

4-6 Lp/mm

front 6

If a 30/23/15 cm image intensifier is operated in the 23-cm mode, the fluroscopic image will be magnified by a factor of

back 6

1.3

front 7

This part of the image intensifier is made of cesium iodide

back 7

input phosphor

front 8

A face plate, signal plate, and target are all components of the

back 8

camera tube

front 9

Which of the following accurately shows the energy sequence during fluroscopy?

back 9

x-rays to light to electrons to light

front 10

The potential difference across the image intensifier is approximately

back 10

25kv

front 11

Distortion of the fluroscopic image that appears as unequal magnification is

back 11

pincushion appearance

front 12

The diameter of the output phosphor is approximately

back 12

2.5 cm

front 13

A disadvantage of using magnification mode during fluoroscopy is

back 13

the patient receives additional dose

front 14

________ imaging is accomplished with fluoroscopy as opposed to radiography

back 14

Dynamic

front 15

The conventional method for viewing the fluroscopic image is by

back 15

using a television monitor

front 16

The electrostic focusing lenses have a _______ charge

back 16

negative

front 17

A loss of brightness around the edge of the fluroscopic image caused by the curve of the photocathode is

back 17

vignetting

front 18

In reference to image intensification, the function that adjusts and maintains the overall image density and contrast during the fluroscopic procedure is

back 18

ABC

front 19

Increasing the mA is the way to correct a fluroscopic image that has

back 19

noise

front 20

The formula for minification gain is

back 20

minification gain=input phosphor diameter2/output phosphor diameter2

front 21

The input phosphor is ________ than the output phosphor

back 21

larger

front 22

Magnification of the fluorosopic image results in improved

back 22

spatial resolution

front 23

The commercial fluroscope was developed by

back 23

Edison

front 24

The ________ absorbs x-rays and emits light

back 24

input phosphor

front 25

________ is measured in cd/m2/mR/s

back 25

Conversion Factor

front 26

This part of the image intensifier is made of zinc cadmium sulfide

back 26

output phosphor

front 27

If the input phosphor measures 30 cm and the output phosphor measures 2.5 cm, what is the minification gain?

back 27

144

front 28

Before the image intensifier, the fluoroscopist may have worn ______ goggles to make it easier to see the dim fluroscopic image

back 28

red

front 29

The formula for brightness gain is

back 29

brightness gain= minification gain x flux gain

front 30

This part of the image intensifier absorbs light and produces electrons

back 30

photocathode

front 31

The image intensifier improved fluroscopy by

back 31

A and C (making the image brighter and indirect viewing of the image)

front 32

In fluoroscopy, shape distortion is caused by

back 32

the curved shape of the photocathode

front 33

Each capacitor in a CCD represents a(n)

back 33

pixel

front 34

The gain related to the decrease in size from the input to the output phosphor is the

back 34

minification gain

front 35

The original fluoroscopic image was very

back 35

dim

front 36

The _______ is located very close to the output phosphor.

back 36

accelerating anode

front 37

When operated in magnification mode, the electrostatic lenses have ______ of a negative charge.

back 37

more

front 38

The ratio of the number of light photons at the output phosphor as compared with the input phosphor is the

back 38

flux gain

front 39

The image intensifier was introduced in the

back 39

1950s

front 40

This part of the image intensifier is made of cesium and antimony compounds

back 40

photocathode

front 41

The formula to determine the amount of magnification created when in magnification mode, the formula is

back 41

MF= full size input phosphor/selected input phosphor

front 42

The image intensifier is located

back 42

inside the fluoro tower

front 43

When the electron beam in the camera travels back and forth across, from top to bottom, it is moving in a ______ pattern.

back 43

raster

front 44

The CCDs electric charge from the capacitors is sent to the

back 44

television monitor

front 45

Photoemission occurs at the

back 45

photocathode

front 46

The ________ is (are) found along the entire length of the image intensifier

back 46

electrostatic focusing lenses

front 47

Vidicon refers to a type of

back 47

camera tube

front 48

Semiconductor capacitors are components of the

back 48

CCD

front 49

The _______ absorbs electrons and emits light

back 49

output phosphor

front 50

The diameter of the input phosphor typically measures between

back 50

15-30 cm