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EXS 452: Physical Activity In Disease Prevention

front 1

An increase in treadmill time of ____ on a maximal graded exercise test is associated with a reduction of ____% in mortality.

back 1

An increase in treadmill time of 1 minute on a maximal graded exercise test is associated with a reduction of 7.5% in mortality.

front 2

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong Evidence

Lower Risk Of:

back 2

Strong Evidence:

Lower Risk Of:

Coronary Heart Disease

Early Death

Stroke

High Blood Pressure

Adverse Blood Lipid Profile

Type 2 Diabetes

Metabolic Syndrome

front 3

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong Evidence

Prevention of:

back 3

weight gain

falling

front 4

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong Evidence

Mental

back 4

Better Cognitive Function

Reduced Depression

front 5

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong Evidence

Physiological

back 5

Weight loss, particularly when combined with reduced calorie intake

Improved cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness

front 6

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong Evidence

Cancer prevention:

back 6

Colon Cancer
Breast Cancer

front 7

What are the benefits of physical activity?

Strong to moderate evidence

Physiological

back 7

Lower risk of hip fractures

Reduced Abdominal Obesity

Better functional health (for older adults)

Weight maintenance after weight loss

Increased bone density

front 8

What are the benefits of physical activity?
Strong to moderate evidence

Cancer

back 8

Lower risk of endometrial cancer

Lower risk of lung cancer

front 9

What are the benefits of physical activity?
Strong to moderate evidence

Mental

back 9

Better Sleep Quality

front 10

Two Definitions of Physical Fitness

back 10

A set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity.

An outcome that can be attained through exercising at the frequency, intensity, and length of time prescribed by the ACSM.

front 11

Physical Activity definition

back 11

Any body movement that results in the burning of calories.

front 12

Definition of Exercise

back 12

A subcategory of physical activity; it is a physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive.

front 13

Health Related Fitness Categories

back 13

Morphological

Muscular

Metabolic

Motor

Cardiorespiratory

front 14

How much physical activity is needed for health?

back 14

Aerobic exercise for a minimum of 20 minutes/day on 3 days or more a week.

front 15

Define Moderate Physical Activity

back 15

3-6 METS (working metabolic rate/resting metabolic rate) which is equivalent to brisk walking at 3 or 4 mph for healthy adults.

front 16

What is the moderate target heart rate zone?

back 16

55% - 70% maximum heart rate

front 17

Activities considered moderate physical activity:

back 17

loading & unloading a car, mopping, standing, sweeping outside, washing windows.

front 18

ACSM/AHA Recommendation Aerobic Exercise

back 18

To promote & maintain health, all healthy adults should engage in moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity for a minimum of 30 minutes/day on 5 days/week or vigorous intensity aerobic activity for a minimum of 20 min/day on 3 days/week

front 19

True or false:

Combinations of moderate and vigorous physical activity can be performed to meet ACSM/AHA recommendations

back 19

True

front 20

True or false:

Accumulation is an acceptable way to meet guidelines for physical activity.

10 minutes in the morning, noon, and evening.

back 20

True

front 21

ACSM/AHA Resistance Training Recommendations

back 21

Every adult should engage in activities that maintain or increase muscular strength or endurance a minimum of two days a week.

front 22

ACSM/AHA Resistance Training Volume Recommendations

back 22

It is recommended that 8-10 exercises be performed on two or more non-consecutive days each week using the major muscles of the body.

front 23

True/False

For most people, greater health benefits can be attained by engaging in vigorous physical activity or longer duration.

back 23

True

front 24

2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans

Managing & preventing weight gain:

back 24

Engage in approximately 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity most days of the week while not exceeding caloric intake requirements.

front 25

2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans
To sustain weight loss:

back 25

Engage in approximately 60-90 minutes of daily moderate intensity activity most days of the week while not exceeding caloric intake requirements.

front 26

2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans
To Achieve Physical Fitness by including:

back 26

Cardiovascular conditioning, stretching exercises for flexibility, and resistance exercise or calisthenics for muscle strength & endurance.

front 27

By year 2015, ___% of populations will be overweight or obese.

back 27

By year 2015, 75% of populations will be overweight or obese.

front 28

Physical Activity is the "Best Buy" in public health because:

back 28

targets disease prevention

target diseases maintained

Affects the diseases with the largest economic cost

front 29

____ million people have CHD

back 29

12.6

front 30

____million suffer a heart attack annually

back 30

1.1 million suffer a heart attack annually

front 31

____ million have diabetes

back 31

17 million

front 32

Current PA Guidelines

back 32

Adults should engage in 2 hrs & 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise or 1hour & 15 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic exercise; combinations are satisfactory.

front 33

Current PA Guidelines on accumulation

back 33

Aerobic activity should be performed in episodes of at least 10 minutes, preferably spread through out the day.

front 34

Current PA Guidelines:

Additional Benefits

back 34

Additional health benefits are provided by increasing to 5 hours a week of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity, or 2 hours & 30 minutes of vigorous intensity physical activity.

front 35

Current PA Guidelines:

Resistance training

back 35

Adults should perform muscle-strengthening activities that involve all major muscle groups at least 2 days a week.

front 36

Recommendations for children

back 36

Aerobic activity should make up most of a child's 60 or more minutes of physical activity each day. They should include vigorous intensity aerobic exercise 3 days a week. Include muscle strengthening exercise 3 days a week like push-ups, or gymnastics.

front 37

% of children ages 6-11 years old engaging in physical activity

back 37

42%

front 38

% of adolescents engaging in physical activity

back 38

8%

front 39

% of adults aged 20-59 engaging in physical activity

back 39

3.5%

front 40

Nearly ____million adults are obese

back 40

50 million (27%)

front 41

____million are either overweight or obese

back 41

108 million (61%)

front 42

______ new cases of colon cancer each year

back 42

107,000

front 43

______ suffer hip fractures each year

back 43

300,000

front 44

______ million have high blood pressure

back 44

50 million

front 45

Economic Consequences of Inactivity

back 45

In 2000, OW and Obesity - $117 billion

front 46

Obese individuals spend ___% more on health services and ___% more on medication

back 46

Obese individuals spend 36% more on health services and 77% more on medication.

front 47

Heart Disease costs how much annually?

back 47

$183 billion

front 48

Cancer costs how much annually?

back 48

$157 billion

front 49

Diabetes costs how much annually?

back 49

$100 billion

front 50

Arthritis costs how much annually?

back 50

$65 billion

front 51

Medicare & Medicaid spend _____ annually on five major chronic conditions

back 51

Medicare & Medicaid spend $84 billion annually on five major chronic conditions