front 1 Muscle fibers use ATP to generate force
| back 1 Muscle tissue |
front 2 usually attached to bones of skeleton, boluntary and striated (alternating light/dark bands on stained fibers) | back 2 Muscle tissue
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front 3 Forms most of wall of hear, involuntary, branched, striated and contains intercalated discs (with gap junctions and desmosomes) | back 3 Muscle tissue
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front 4 Located in walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, airways, digestive, urinary, reproductive), involuntary, and nonstriated | back 4 Muscle tissue
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front 5 basic functional units of a myofibril in muscle, separated by Z discs | back 5 sarcomeres |
front 6 Actin and myosin | back 6 contractile Proteins |
front 7 in thin filaments | back 7 actin |
front 8 in thick filaments | back 8 myosin |
front 9 troponin and tropomysosin in thin filaments | back 9 regulatory proteins |
front 10 resting membrane potential | back 10 -70 mV |
front 11 threshold Potential | back 11 -55 mV |
front 12 The functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber is the | back 12 sarcomere. |
front 13 The space between the neuron and the muscle is the: | back 13 synaptic cleft. |
front 14 The sequence of electrical changes that occurs along the sarcolemma when a muscle fiber is stimulated is known as the | back 14 action potential. |
front 15 Which of the following allows recoil of the muscle fiber when contraction ends? | back 15 Elastic filaments |
front 16 Elasticity refers to the ability of a muscle fiber to | back 16 recoil and resume its resting length after being stretched. |
front 17 A sarcomere is part of a: | back 17 myofibril. |
front 18 The refractory period in which the muscle will not contract if stimulated occurs during __________ of the muscle cell. | back 18 repolarization |
front 19 What is the cause of rigor mortis? | back 19 Calcium influx into the cell after death |
front 20 Where does 95% of the energy needed for contraction come from during moderate exercise? | back 20 ATP |
front 21 An entire skeletal muscle is surrounded by: | back 21 epimysium. |
front 22 s an axon enters a muscle, it branches into a number of axonal terminals, each of which forms a neuromuscular junction with a single muscle fiber. A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it supplies is called a: | back 22 motor unit. |
front 23 Each skeletal muscle fiber is controlled by a neuron at a single: | back 23 neuromuscular junction. |
front 24 In the sliding filament model of muscle contraction, the myofilaments slide over each other, resulting in the overlapping of actin and _________ | back 24 myosin |
front 25 Single, fusiform, uninucleate; no striation | back 25 Smooth muscle cells |
front 26 Single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with striation | back 26 Skeletal muscle fibers |
front 27 Branching chains of cells; uni- or binucleate striations; intercalated discs | back 27 Cardiac muscle cells |
front 28 Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus | back 28 Excitability |
front 29 Ability to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated | back 29 Contractility |
front 30 Ability of a muscle to resume its resting length after being stretched | back 30 Elasticity |
front 31 Ability to be stretched or extended | back 31 Extensibility |
front 32 Contraction of the muscle in which the muscle shortens and does work | back 32 Concentric contraction |
front 33 Type of muscle fibers that contract quickly and rely on aerobic respiration for ATP | back 33 Fast oxidative fibers |
front 34 Type of fibers that have few mitochondria | back 34 Fast glycolytic fibers |
front 35 Type of muscle fibers that are most resistant to fatigue | back 35 Slow oxidative fibers |
front 36 Plasma membrane of skeletal muscle fiber | back 36 Sarcolemma |
front 37 Cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber | back 37 Sarcoplasm |
front 38 Series of membranous channels (modified ER) that surround each myofibr | back 38 Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
front 39 Rod-like contractile elements within a muscle fiber | back 39 Myofibril |
front 40 Area of the sarcomere with overlapping thick and thin filaments | back 40 A band |
front 41 Area of the sarcomere containing only thin filaments | back 41 I band |
front 42 Functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber | back 42 Sarcomere |
front 43 Contains vesicles filled with acetylcholin | back 43 Synaptic knob |
front 44 Space between the neuron and the muscle | back 44 Synaptic cleft |
front 45 Contains receptors for acetylcholine | back 45 Motor end plate |
front 46 Type of contraction represented by a single stimulus/contraction/relaxation sequence | back 46 Twitch |
front 47 When a muscle is stimulated repeatedly for several seconds with a constant stimulus, the amount of tensions gradually increases to a maximum. | back 47 Wave summation |
front 48 Activities best suited for slow oxidative fibers | back 48 Endurance-type activities |
front 49 Activities best suited for fast oxidative fibers | back 49 400M or 800M sprint |
front 50 Activities best suited for fast glycolytic fibers | back 50 Short-term intense movements |
front 51 Branching chains of cells; uni- or binucleate striations; intercalated disc | back 51 cardiac muscle |
front 52 Single, fusiform, uninucleate; no striations | back 52 smooth muscle |
front 53 Single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with striations | back 53 skeletal muscle |
front 54 Ability to receive and respond to a stimulus | back 54 Excitability |
front 55 Ability to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated | back 55 Contractility |
front 56 Ability to be stretched or extended | back 56 Extensibility |
front 57 Ability of a muscle to resume its resting length after being stretched | back 57 Elasticity |
front 58 Contraction of muscle during which the muscle changes in length and the tension remains constant through most of the contractile period | back 58 Isotonic contraction |
front 59 Contraction of muscle during which the tension continues to increase but the muscle neither shortens nor lengthens | back 59 Isometric contraction |
front 60 Contraction of the muscle in which the muscle shortens and does work | back 60 Concentric contraction |
front 61 Contraction of muscle in which the muscle contracts as it lengthens | back 61 Eccentric contraction |
front 62 Type of muscle fibers that are most resistant to fatigue | back 62 Slow oxidative fibers |
front 63 Type of muscle fibers that contract quickly and rely on aerobic respiration for ATP | back 63 Fast oxidative fibers |
front 64 Type of fibers that have few mitochondria | back 64 Fast glycolytic fibers |
front 65 The time between the stimulus or the electrical event and the mechanical event of contraction | back 65 Latent period |
front 66 The time during which the muscle is shortening | back 66 Contraction period |
front 67 The time during which the muscle is returning to its original length | back 67 Relaxation period |
front 68 The very brief time after one stimulus during which the muscle is unresponsive to a second stimulu | back 68 Refractory period |
front 69 Pulling on something to change its position | back 69 movement |
front 70 Development of tension to prevent movement, as in keeping the vertebral column uprigh | back 70 Maintaining posture |
front 71 Attaching to bones and keeping them in close proximity to one another | back 71 Stabilizing joints |
front 72 Release of energy during metabolism. | back 72 Generation of heat |
front 73 major function of muscle | back 73 movement, maintain posture, stabilizing joints, generating heat |