front 1 All of the following are associated with nucleic acid structure EXCEPT | back 1 ionic bonds |
front 2 Which of the following is found at the 5" end of a DNA strand? | back 2 a phosphate group |
front 3 The bacterial chromosome is | back 3 both circular and found in a nucleoid |
front 4 Which of the following types of plasmids allows a bacterial cell to kill its competitors? | back 4 bacterioncin factors |
front 5 Which of the following is NOT involved in the packaging of eukaryotic chromosomes? | back 5 Okazaki fragments |
front 6 Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids? | back 6 they are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously |
front 7 The process indicated by the arrow in Fig 7.1 represents? | back 7 lagging strand synthesis |
front 8 Which of the the following statements concerning transcription in bacteria is FALSE? | back 8 The same RNA polymerase transcribes primer RNA, mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. |
front 9 Which of the following is involved in translation? | back 9 mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are all involved |
front 10 Which of the following is a characteristic shared by DNA and RNA polymerase? | back 10 direction of polymerization |
front 11 Typical eukaryotic genomes are composed of ______ DNA molecules. | back 11 multiple linear |
front 12 A codon is a particular combination of three nucleotides. Therefore, there are _____ possible combinations of the nucleotides A, C, G, and T. | back 12 64 |
front 13 The AUG codon functions in coding for the amino acid methionine and as a | back 13 start signal |
front 14 Which of the following regulatory RNAs alter translation in response to environmental conditions? | back 14 riboswitches |
front 15 During elongation a charged tRNA first enters the ribosomal ______ site and then moves into the _____ site. | back 15 A, P |
front 16 A wild-type organism and a genetic variant both have a gene encoding a receptor producing a chemotactic response to metabolite A. The genetic variant has a mutation in a regulatory gene for expression of the receptor. Which of the following statements with respect to the receptor is CORRECT? | back 16 The organisms have the same receptor genotype but different phenotypes. |
front 17 Semiconservative DNA replication means that | back 17 each daughter DNA molecule is composed of one original strand and one new strand |
front 18 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Okazaki fragments? | back 18 They are longer in eukaryotic cells |
front 19 DNA replication and RNA transcription have many features in common. Which of the following does NOT occur in both processes? | back 19 a requirement for a primer |
front 20 Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetic? | back 20 transcription and translation |
front 21 Inducible operons | back 21 usually require an activator to be transcribed |
front 22 Which of the following are considered to be frameshift mutations? | back 22 both deletions and insertions |
front 23 If the codon AAA is changed to AAG, it still codes for the amino acid lysine; this is an example of a | back 23 silent mutation |
front 24 Which of the following causes mutations by creating thymine dimers? | back 24 ultraviolet light |
front 25 DNA damage caused by ethidium bromide results in _______ mutations. | back 25 both insertion and deletion |
front 26 Which of the following is a DNA repair enzyme activated by visible light? | back 26 DNA photolyase |
front 27 The Ames test demonstrates that a chemical is | back 27 mutagenic in Salmonella |
front 28 The horizontal transfer process known as transduction | back 28 involves a virus |
front 29 Frederick Griffith discovered | back 29 transformation |
front 30 In conjugation, F+ cells | back 30 contain an F plasmid |
front 31 Another term for the palindromic sequence found at the ends of transposons is a | back 31 inverted repeat |
front 32 Which of the following is characteristic of prokaryotic genomes but NOT eukaryotic genomes? | back 32 circular chromosomes |
front 33 The procedure known as "replica plating" is used in | back 33 negative selection only |
front 34 The DNA sequence of a portion of gene in a wild-type organisms is TTACCATATTCACCC, and the corresponding peptide sequence is Leu-Pro-Tyr-Ser-Pro. The corresponding gene fragment in phenotypic variant of the organism is TTACCATATTCACCC and the peptide sequence is Leu-Pro-Cys-Ser-Pro. This is an example of a ______ mutation type resulting in a ______ mutation effect. | back 34 base substitution; missense |
front 35 Which of the following is NOT involved in the regulation of the lac operon? | back 35 an iRNA |
front 36 Genetic elements known as promoters are initiation points in the process of | back 36 transcription |
front 37 Codons are recognized during | back 37 translation |
front 38 The events of ______ are initiated at sequences called origins. | back 38 DNA replication |
front 39 The process of ________ requires the activity of DNA ligase. | back 39 DNA replication |
front 40 RNA polymerase is primarily responsible for | back 40 transcription |
front 41 The process of ______ requires participation of tRNA molecules. | back 41 translation |
front 42 The process known as _____ is initiated with the incorporation of fMet. | back 42 translation |
front 43 Transfer of random pieces of DNA mediated by phage is known as | back 43 generalized transduction |
front 44 The process of _______ is described as semiconservative. | back 44 DNA replication |
front 45 During _____, a new peptide bond is formed with the amino acid located in the A site. | back 45 translation |
front 46 A (operon/codon/gene) is a specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule. | back 46 gene |
front 47 Loosely packed, transcriptionally active regions of a eukaryotic chromosome is called (euchromatin/ heterochromatin/ nucleosomes). | back 47 euchromatin |
front 48 Transfer of DNA between bacterial cells by viruses is called (transformation/ transduction/ conjugation). | back 48 transduction |
front 49 The phenotype of an organism is its set of (genes/ traits/ chromosomes). | back 49 traits |
front 50 The enzyme responsible for separating the DNA strands during DNA replication is (topoisomerase/ primase/ helicase). | back 50 helicase |
front 51 The chemical 5-bromouracil mimics the chemical structure of thymine, making it an (analog/ nucleotide/ precursor) of thymine. | back 51 analog |
front 52 A protein has altered function as a result of a single amino acid substitution in the polypeptide. this change resulted from a (missense/ nonsense/ silent) mutation. | back 52 missense |
front 53 Except during intitiation of translation, transfer RNA molecules carrying amino acids initially bind to the ribosome at the (P/ A/ E) site. | back 53 A |
front 54 The (codon/ antidcodon/ loop) of a transfer RNA molecule is complementary to a codon in a messenger RNA molecule. | back 54 antidcodon |
front 55 Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/ missense/ nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. | back 55 frameshiftf |
front 56 A (genome/ codon/ operon) is a set of prokaryotic genes that are regulated and transcribed as a unit. | back 56 operon |
front 57 The (leading/ lagging/ replicating) strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously during DNA replication. | back 57 leading |
front 58 The (phenotype/ genome/ genotype) is the set of genes in the genome of an organism. | back 58 genotype |
front 59 RNA polymerase initiates transcription by recognizing specific DNA sequences called (promoter/ origins/ operons). | back 59 promoter |
front 60 While studying a bacterial strain a scientist notes a short DNA sequences between inverted repeats in present in both the chromosome and a plasmid within the cell. This sequence is most likely a (phage/ transposon/ F plasmid). | back 60 transposon |