front 1 1. The fish group that went on to become the ancestor of all terrestrial vertebrates was the A) lobe-finned fish. B) ray-finned fish. C) trout and bass. D) sharks. | back 1 lobe finned fish |
front 2 2. The Late Devonian Dunkleosteus was one of the largest of the A) placoderms. B) ostracoderms. C) acanthodians. D) sharks. | back 2 placoderms |
front 3 3. Which of the groups below survived the terminal Cretaceous mass extinction? A) gymnosperms B) dinosaurs C) mosasaurs D) rudists | back 3 gymnosperms |
front 4 4. Reefs did not recover from the end-Paleozoic extinction unti l A) Early Triassic. B) Middle Triassic. C) Late Triassic. D) Early Jurassic. | back 4 middle triassic |
front 5 5. The new reproductive strategy of reptiles allowed them to A) kill prey by puncturing them. B) swallow meals whole. C) raise their young in water. D) reproduce away from water. | back 5 reproduce away from water |
front 6 6. Select from those listed below the incorrect reason that Archean rocks are rare on Earth's surface. A) Erosion has destroyed many Archean rocks. B) Metamorphism has altered many Archean rocks so that they cannot be dated properly. C) Archean rocks have plentiful, yet small, index fossils. | back 6 Archean rocks have plentiful, yet small, index fossils |
front 7 7. By Late Cretaceous, only __________ and __________, which were once parts of Gondwanaland, remained attached to one another. A) Greenland; North America B) South America; Africa C) Antarctica; Australia D) Africa; India | back 7 Antartica; Australia |
front 8 8. Which statement is NOT true? A) The animals that appeared at the Cambrian explosion involved
relatively limited | back 8 no data |
front 9 9. What of the following is the closest to the age of the "Great Oxidation Event"? A) 3.5 Ga B) 1.7 Ga C) 2.5 Ga D) 0.8 Ga | back 9 3.5 Ga |
front 10 10. During Middle Jurassic, North America began to break away from __________ following the same suture as the __________ orogeny. A) Africa; Hercynian B) Europe; Hercynian C) Africa; Alleghenian D) Europe; Alleghenian | back 10 Africa; Hercynian |
front 11 11. Based on the fossil record, the plant adaptation resulting in the seed occurred during A) Ordovician. B) Early Silurian. C) Late Silurian. D) Devonian. | back 11 Devonian |
front 12 12. Conifers, which dominated Permian terrestrial environments, are part of the group called A) sphenopsids. B) lycopods. | back 12 gymnosperms |
front 13 13. The end-Triassic mass extinction is closely associated with A) emplacement of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. B) subduction and accretion of new terranes. C) deposition of the Newark Supergroup across wide areas of eastern North America. D) deposition in the Sundance Sea over wide areas in western North America. | back 13 deposition of the newark supergroup |
front 14 14. The key feature in the origin of reptiles was the A) foldable wing. B) protective scales. C) amniote egg. D) caterpillar-like larvae. | back 14 amniote egg |
front 15 15. Evolution and diversification of what type of organisms played an important role in increase of oxygen in the atmosphere of the early Earth? A) Chemosynthetic B) Eutaxitic C) Dyspeptic D) Photosynthetic | back 15 no data |
front 16 16. A major adaptation of the angiosperms was double fertilization, which allowed: A) More rapid maturity after germination B) Slower growth in arid conditions C) Germination in arid conditions D) Development of woody tissues | back 16 more rapid maturity after germination |
front 17 17. __________ were the dominant skeletonized animal of Middle and Late Cambrian. A) Brachiopods B) Trilobites C) Bivalve mollusks D) Conodonts | back 17 trilobites |
front 18 18. The great Proterozoic supercontinent, which was split apart between about 700 and 800 million years ago, is called A) Rodinia. B) Laurentia. C) Columbia. D) Gondwanaland. | back 18 rodinia |
front 19 19. Flying insects originated during A) Early Devonian. B) Early Carboniferous. C) Late Carboniferous. D) Permian. | back 19 Early Devonian |
front 20 20. The rocks that were hit by the asteroid that struck the Yucatán Peninsula about 65.5 million years ago included evaporitic sediments. This resulted in __________ being a major impact effect. A) wildfires B) dust clouds C) acid rain D) microspherules | back 20 dust clouds |
front 21 21. The Neogene volcanic arc associated with subduction of the Pacific plate is called A) Columbia Plateau. B) Cascade Range. C) Sierra Nevada. D) California Coast Ranges. | back 21 Sierra Nevada |
front 22 22. A group that was poorly represented before Neogene, whose radiation benefited from the seed production of newly diversified herbs and grasses, is the A) small mammalian herbivores. B) horses and rhinoceroses. C) passerine birds. D) cloven-hoofed ungulates. | back 22 no data |
front 23 23. Ordovician glaciation was associated with ____ 13C and _____ 18O in marine brachiopod fossils due to _____ and ______ A) increased, increased, expanded ice caps, weathering of organic carbon B) increased, decreased, smaller ice caps, weathering of organic carbon C) decreased, increased, expanded ice caps, burial of organic carbon D) increased, increased, expanded ice caps, burial of organic carbon | back 23 no data |
front 24 24. Neogene oxygen isotope records of marine foraminifera show variations corresponding to superimposed ____, ___ and 100 kyr frequencies that correspond to changes in the earth’s orbital precession, _________ and __________. A) 23 kyr, 41 kyr; obliquity, eccentricity B) 30 kyr, 45 kyr;
obliquity; eccentricity | back 24 23 kyr, 41 kyr, precession; obliquity |
front 25 25. New members of the Cretaceous pelagic food web that featured symmetrical tails, overlapping scales, specialized fins, and short jaws were called A) teleosts. B) ammonoids. C) belemnoids. D) mosasaurs. | back 25 teleosts |
front 26 26. The key late Neogene event that brought about widespread changes in salinity and temperature of ocean waters and thus the oceanic conveyor belt was A) the formation of the Isthmus of Panama. B) a change in the trade wind belt. C) the development of the Greenland ice cap. D) the obliquity cycle of Earth's orbit around the sun. | back 26 no data |