A bone that is broke but does not pierce the skin is -

simple fracture

What type of receptor responds to changes in temperature?

thermoreceptor

Destruction of the macula lutea that contains the fovea centralis results in -

macular degeneration

Aphasia is characterized by the inability to -

speak

What supplies the energy for muscle contraction?

ATP

The sensory receptors for taste are located in -

taste buds

Meningitis refers to -

inflammation of the meginges

What ion is responsible for initiating muscle contraction?

Ca²⁺

What are the bone-eating (reabsorbing) cells?

osteoclasts

The thoracic vertebrae are associated with the ribs.

True

The brain stem contains the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata.

true

The bone of the upper arm is -

humerus

The junctions between one neuron and another neuron are called -

synapses

Which disorder of the eye is due to the cornea or lens being uneven resulting in a fuzzy image?

astigmatism

Which of the following is a condition where our own immune system attacks the myelin sheath?

multiple sclerosis

The muscle that abducts and extends the humerus is the -

deltoid

What are the lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?

• frontal
• parietal
• temporal
• occipital

The clouding of the lens is an aging condition of the eyes called -

cataracts

What do the ventricles of the brain contain?

cerebrospinal fluid

Wernicke's area is associated with -

the ability to speak

Another name for the breastbone is the sternum.

true

What is an example of a long bone?

femur

To raise the mandible during chewing you would need to contract what muscle?

the masseter

The origin of a muscle is on a stationary bone.

true

What structure attaches a muscle to bone?

tendons

What is associated with the PNS but not the CNs?

Schwann cells

Which of the following is mismatched:

1. sensory nerves - afferent
2. motor nerves - efferent
3. somatic motor nerves - smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
4. somatic sensory nerves - skin, muscles, joints, special senses
5. visceral sensory nerves - body organs

somatic motor nerves

The end of a long bone is the -

epiphysis

What are examples of chemoreceptors?

taste and olfaction

What is not a type of neuron?

neuroglia

The structure that produces tears is called the -

lacrimal gland

What is the name of sudden and involuntary muscular contraction, often accompanied by pain?

spasm

What are the primary tastes?

sweet, bitter, salty

The muscle that extends the forearm is the -

triceps brachii

The two types of nerves in the peripheral nervous system are cranial nerves and spinal nerves.

True

The polio virus tends to multiply in sensory neurons and can lead to paralysis.

falso

The place where the optic nerve exits the eye is the -

blind spot

The olfactory receptors are located -

on nasal mucosa cilia

In the peripheral nervous system, neuroglia called ________ form the myelin sheath.

Schwann cells

Gustation and olfaction rely on each other to give complete perceptions of taste and smell.

True

Which brain system receives sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles and tendons?

somatic system of the PNS

Proprioceptors are involved in the sense of -

limb position

The spinal cord belongs to the -

central nervous system

The motor speech area is found in the left frontal lobe and called -

Broca's area

Photoreceptors are located in the -

retina

The part of the brain that regulates essential functions such as breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate is the -

medulla oblongata

Which is the largest part of the brain?

cerebrum

Nocioceptors

• are stimulated by chemicals released from damaged tissues
• detect pain
• are found in internal organs

A ligament connects -

bone to bone

Of the three types of muscle tissue, which is voluntary?

skeletal muscle

The feeling of pain on the body surface that has its origin in an internal organ is called -

referred pain