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microbio chapter 13 homework questions

front 1

Which of the following individuals or groups of individuals demonstrated that the transforming principle was DNA?

Avery, McLeod and McCarty

Griffith

Hershey & Chase

Watson & Crick

back 1

“Avery, McLeod and McCarty

front 2

The principle of transformation was first demonstrated by which of the following individuals or groups of individuals?

“Avery, McLeod and McCarty

Griffith

Hershey & Chase

Watson & Crick

back 2

Griffith

front 3

“Hershey and Chase demonstrated that when the bacteriophage T2 infected its host cell, the __________ is injected into the host but the __________ remained outside. “

DNA; RNA

RNA; protein

protein; RNA

DNA; protein

back 3

DNA; protein

front 4

The genetic information in DNA is divided into units called

Proteins

Genes

Genotype

Phenotype

back 4

Genes

front 5

Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA?

Purine and pyrimidine bases are attached to the 1'-carbon of the deoxyribose sugars.

Purine and pyrimidine bases are joined by phosphodiester bonds.

"Adjacent bases are stacked on top of each other, one base pair every 0.34 nm."

All of the above are true.

back 5

All of the above are true.

Purine and pyrimidine bases are attached to the 1'-carbon of the deoxyribose sugars.

Purine and pyrimidine bases are joined by phosphodiester bonds.

"Adjacent bases are stacked on top of each other, one base pair every 0.34 nm."

front 6

Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?

Adenine

Cytosine

Thymine

Uracil

back 6

Adenine

front 7

The two strands of a DNA molecule are __________; that is, they are oriented in opposite directions.

parallel

reverse parallel

antiparallel

co-parallel

back 7

antiparallel

front 8

"When a DNA molecule is replicated, the daughter molecules contain one strand of parental DNA and one strand of newly synthesized DNA; this is called __________ replication.

hemiconservative

conservative

semiconservative

dispersive

back 8

semiconservative

front 9

The chromosomes of most bacteria are comprised of

double-stranded circular molecules

double-stranded linear molecules

single-stranded circular molecules

single-stranded linear molecules

back 9

double-stranded circular molecules

front 10

Each chromosome has one or more __________ site(s) where replication begins.

promoter

replicon

origin

bifurcate

back 10

origin

front 11

During replication the 2 strands of the DNA molecule are unwound from one another by enzymes called

ligases.

unwindases.

helicases.

primases

back 11

helicases.

front 12

"The coding sequence in the DNA of __________ is normally continuous; that is, it is not interrupted by noncoding sequences. "

prokaryotes

plants

mammals

most insects

back 12

prokaryotes

front 13

13.The process by which the base sequence of all or a portion of a DNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule is called

replication.

transcription.

reverse transcription.

Translation

back 13

transcription

front 14

The region at which the RNA polymerase binds is the __________ region.

leader

promoter

coding

trailer

back 14

promoter

front 15

The transcribed, but not translated, sequence that is immediately upstream of the region that encodes the functional product is called the __________ region. "

leader

promoter

coding

trailer

back 15

leader

front 16

The transcribed and translated region of a gene is the __________ region.

leader

promoter

coding

trailer

back 16

coding

front 17

The unexpressed regions of split genes are called

exons.

endons.

introns.

codons.

back 17

introns

front 18

The strand of DNA for a particular gene that is copied by the RNA polymerase to form mRNA is called the __________ strand

leading

template

transcription

copy

back 18

template

front 19

Messenger RNA molecules that direct the synthesis of more than one polypeptide are said to be __________.

conserved

monogenous

multiplicative

polycistronic

back 19

polycistronic

front 20

A consensus sequence in the untranslated leader sequence of a prokaryotic mRNA which serves as a ribosome binding site is called the __________ sequence.

Shine-Dalgarno

Griffith

Hershey-Chase

Avery

back 20

Shine-Dalgarno

front 21

The process by which the base sequence of an RNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of a protein is called

replication.

transcription.

reverse transcription.

translation.

back 21

translation.

front 22

________ molecules deliver amino acids to ribosomes during translation.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA)

back 22

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

front 23

Which of the following is not a termination codon?

AUG

UAA

UAG

UGA

back 23

AUG

front 24

The portion of the tRNA molecule that binds to the codon on the mRNA is called the

c-codon.

anticodon.

complementary codon.

paracodon

back 24

anticodon.

front 25

What is the minimum number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules?

20

61

64

as many as there are different tRNAs.

back 25

20

front 26

In __________ ribosomes can attach to the mRNA and begin translation even though transcription has not been complete

prokaryotes

eukaryotes

fungi

All of the above

back 26

prokaryotes

front 27

The energy needed for protein synthesis is provided by the hydrolysis of

ATP.

GTP.

UTP.

ATP and GTP.

back 27

ATP and GTP.

front 28

___________ in proteins includes alpha-helixes and beta-pleated sheets.

Primary structure

Secondary structure

Tertiary structure

Quaternary structure

back 28

Secondary structure

front 29

What are used to regulate protein folding to minimize the risk of protein mis-folding?

Gyrases

Topoisomerases

ATPases

Chaperones

back 29

Chaperones

front 30

A gram negative bacterium wishes to secrete a previously-folded virulence factor. Which of the following secretion systems would be used to accomplish this?

Sec-dependent pathway

Type I SS

Type II SS

Type VI SS

back 30

Type II SS