front 1 11) An autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland.
| back 1 D) Gravesʹ disease |
front 2 12) Hyposecretion of growth hormone.
| back 2 A) Pituitary dwarfism |
front 3 14) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex.
| back 3 C) Addisonʹs disease |
front 4 15) Hypersecretion of growth hormone.
| back 4 E) Acromegaly |
front 5 13) Hyposecretion of insulin.
| back 5 B) Diabetes mellitus |
front 6 16) Hyposecretion of the thyroid in adults.
| back 6 B) Myxedema |
front 7 17) Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex.
| back 7 C) Cushingʹs disease |
front 8 18) Hypersecretion of growth hormone.
| back 8 D) Gigantism |
front 9 19) Hyposecretion of the thyroid in infants.
| back 9 A) Cretinism |
front 10 1) Gluconeogenesis occurs in the liver due to the action of ________.
| back 10 D) glucagon |
front 11 Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular ________.
| back 11 D) second messengers |
front 12 Oxytocin ________.
| back 12 B) is an adenohypophyseal secretion |
front 13 ADH ________.
| back 13 D) is inhibited by alcohol |
front 14 The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on ________.
| back 14 C) the presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ |
front 15 Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland. The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the ________.
| back 15 C) hypophyseal portal system |
front 16 The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because ________.
| back 16 D) it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for
|
front 17 Steroid hormones exert their action by ________.
| back 17 A) entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene |
front 18 Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to ________.
| back 18 B) steroid hormones, because both diffuse easily into target cells |
front 19 When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight-or-flight response, a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is ________.
| back 19 B) epinephrine |
front 20 The major targets of growth hormone are ________.
| back 20 D) bones and skeletal muscles |
front 21 Mineralocorticoid is to aldosterone as glucocorticoid is to ________.
| back 21 C) cortisol |
front 22 The most important regulator of electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids is ________.
| back 22 B) aldosterone |
front 23 Which of the following is not a steroid-based hormone?
| back 23 C) epinephrine |
front 24 Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second-messenger systems include ________.
| back 24 A) possible activation of several different second-messenger systems |
front 25 ACTH ________.
| back 25 B) secretion is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion |
front 26 Aldosterone ________.
| back 26 B) functions to increase sodium reabsorption |
front 27 Which organ does not have hormone production?
| back 27 C) spleen |
front 28 In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target organ. This is known as ________.
| back 28 C) up-regulation |
front 29 Thyroxine is a peptide hormone, but its mechanism is different from other peptide hormones. Which of the following statements is true concerning this difference?
| back 29 B) It does not require a second messenger to effect a response. |
front 30 The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by ________.
| back 30 D) binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP |
front 31 Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty. | back 31 D |
front 32 Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain. | back 32 B |
front 33 Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics. | back 33 E |
front 34 Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. | back 34 C |
front 35 Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ. | back 35 A |
front 36 Match the following hypothalamic hormone with the pituitary hormone target:
| back 36 A |
front 37 Match the following hypothalamic hormone with the pituitary hormone target:
| back 37 C |
front 38 Match the following hypothalamic hormone with the pituitary hormone target:
| back 38 B |
front 39 Match the following hypothalamic hormone with the pituitary hormone target:
| back 39 E |
front 40 Match the following hypothalamic hormone with the pituitary hormone target:
| back 40 D |
front 41 Which part of the adrenal gland produces glucocorticoids? | back 41 B |
front 42 Which part of the adrenal gland produces epinephrine? | back 42 D |
front 43 Which part of the adrenal gland produces aldosterone? | back 43 A |
front 44 Excess hormone levels result in Cushing's syndrome. | back 44 B |
front 45 Hormones mimic sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitters. | back 45 D |
front 46 Which layer produces androgens. | back 46 C |
front 47 In a patient who has Type II Diabetes Mellitus we commonly see_________
| back 47 D) a decrease in the production and presentation of insulin receptors |
front 48 Which of the following hormones is released by the kidney?
| back 48 B) Renin |
front 49 Which of the following hormones is released by the liver?
| back 49 A) angiotensinogen |
front 50 Which of the following hormones is released by the lungs?
| back 50 C) ACE |
front 51 Which of the following hormones is released by the heart?
| back 51 D) ANP |
front 52 Protein hormones exert their action by _____________.
| back 52 B) binding cell receptors and initiating activity via secondary intracellular signal |
front 53 Which of the following is not a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate levels of blood calcium?
| back 53 D) inhibition of calcitonin synthesis |
front 54 Which of the following structures produces a precursor to hormonal vitamin D, important for Ca+ regulation?
| back 54 D) skin |
front 55 The secretion of __________ helps regulate our sleep cycle.
| back 55 D) melatonin |