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25 notecards = 7 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Chapters 6-9

front 1

Know when it is preferable to use light, transmission electron or scanning electron microscopy.

back 1

Light Microscopy: When in labs, used to look at specimens
Scanning Electron Microscopy: magnify up to 100,000 times
Transmission Electron Microscopy:magnify up to a million times

front 2

Know the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

back 2

prokaryotic cells: No nucleus, unicellular (fungi or bacteria)
eukaryotic cells: contains cell membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus. Presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts, cell wall, and structure of DNA.

front 3

Know how surface area and volume are related and how they impact cell size.

back 3

The surface area must be large enough to supply the volume of the whole cell. When the volume surpasses the surface area, the cell will stop growing.

front 4

Know the function of ribosomes and how free and bound ribosomes differ from one another.

back 4

Function of ribosomes: Help for protein synthesis
Free ribosomes: located in cytoplasm and produce proteins produced by the cell.
Bound ribosomes: attatched to the ER and unable to move and produce proteins that are transported out of the cell.

front 5

Know what molecules travel in and out of the nucleus via the nuclear pores.

back 5

Look at pictures, watch videos.

front 6

Know what is meant by the endosymbiont hypothesis and what that means for the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

back 6

It proposes that early eukaryotic cells acquired the precursors of mitochondria and chloroplasts by engulfing certain types of bacteria

front 7

Know what parts of the cell are parts of the endomembrane system.

back 7

consisting of the nuclear envelope, ER and Golgi apparatus, vesicles and other organelles derived from them, and the plasma membrane.

front 8

Know how the peroxisome detoxifies alcohol and other toxins.

back 8

The peroxisomes in the hepatocytes carry out this function by transferring hydrogen from the ethanol or alcohol molecules to oxygen.

front 9

Know how motor proteins provide molecule motion.

back 9

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front 10

Know the features of the extracellular matrix and how they participate in animal cell behavior.

back 10

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front 11

Test yourself! Identify each of the organelles shown in the cell below. Generally know the function of each.

back 11

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front 12

Know what is meant by selective permeability.

back 12

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front 13

Know how temperature, cholesterol content and saturated/unsaturated fatty acid concentration impact fluidity of the plasma membrane.

back 13

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front 14

Know the function of the oligosaccharides on glycoproteins and glycolipids.

back 14

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front 15

Know the function of aquaporins.

back 15

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front 16

Know the difference between passive and active transport and examples of each.

back 16

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front 17

Know what impacts the movement of molecules through a membrane (charge, polarity, size etc…)

back 17

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front 18

Know what channel proteins are and how they function.

back 18

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front 19

Know what a membrane potential is and how they are maintained in animal and plant cells.

back 19

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front 20

Know the definition of diffusion and examples of the process.

back 20

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front 21

Know what is meant by the electrochemical gradient.

back 21

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front 22

Know the various forms of endocytosis and the differences between each.

back 22

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front 23

Know what is meant by hypo, hyper and isotonic.

back 23

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front 24

Be able to determine the movement of permeable molecules, non-permeable molecules and water across a semi-permeable membrane under varying conditions of tonicity.

back 24

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front 25

Test yourself! Determine what would happen to an animal and plant cell placed in hypo, hyper and isotonic environments.

back 25

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