Which of the following is (are) essential to high-quality mammographic examinations?

Small-focal-spot x-ray tube

Short-scale contrast

Use of a compression device

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
1 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

D.
1, 2, and 3

The contraction and expansion of arterial walls in accordance with forceful contraction and relaxation of the heart are called
A.
hypertension
B.
elasticity
C.
pulse
D.
pressure

C.
pulse

The most significant risk factor for breast cancer is
A.
age
B.
gender
C.
family history
D.
personal history

B.
gender

Which of the following procedures will best demonstrate the cephalic, basilic, and subclavian veins?
A.
Aortofemoral arteriogram
B.
Upper-limb venogram
C.
Lower-limb venogram
D.
Renal venogram

B.
Upper-limb venogram

Hysterosalpingography may be performed for demonstration of

uterine tubal patency

mass lesions in the uterine cavity

uterine position

A.
1 and 2 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

D.
1, 2, and 3

The structure labeled number 3 in Figure 2–39 is the

Figure 2–39.

Reproduced, with permission, from Doherty GM, ed. Current Surgical Diagnosis & Treatment, 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006:824.

A.
left subclavian artery
B.
brachiocephalic artery
C.
right common carotid artery
D.
left vertebral artery

D.
left vertebral artery

Which of the following is a radiologic procedure that functions to dilate a stenotic vessel?
A.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
B.
Percutaneous angioplasty
C.
Renal arteriography
D.
Surgical nephrostomy

B.
Percutaneous angioplasty

The four major arteries supplying the brain include the

brachiocephalic artery

common carotid arteries

vertebral arteries

A.
1 and 2 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

C.
2 and 3 only

An intrathecal injection is associated with which of the following examinations?
A.
Intravenous urogram
B.
Retrograde pyelogram
C.
Myelogram
D.
Cystogram

C.
Myelogram

The structure labeled number 6 in Figure 2–39 is the

Figure 2–39.
Reproduced, with permission, from Doherty GM, ed. Current Surgical Diagnosis & Treatment, 12th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006:824.

A.
left subclavian artery
B.
brachiocephalic artery
C.
right common carotid artery
D.
left vertebral artery

B.
brachiocephalic artery

During myelography, contrast medium is introduced into the
A.
subdural space
B.
subarachnoid space
C.
epidural space
D.
epidermal space

B.
subarachnoid space

In myelography, the contrast medium generally is injected into the
A.
cisterna magna.
B.
individual intervertebral disks.
C.
subarachnoid space between the first and second vertebrae.
D.
subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae.

D.
subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae.

Which of the following women is likely to have the most homogeneous glandular breast tissue?
A.
A postpubertal adolescent
B.
A 20-year-old with one previous pregnancy
C.
A menopausal woman
D.
A postmenopausal 65-year-old

A.
A postpubertal adolescent

Which of the following equipment is mandatory for performance of a myelogram?
A.
Cine camera
B.
105-mm spot film
C.
Tilting x-ray table
D.
Tomography

C.
Tilting x-ray table

Which of the following sequences correctly describes the path of blood flow as it leaves the left ventricle?
A.
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
B.
Arterioles, arteries, capillaries, veins, venules
C.
Veins, venules, capillaries, arteries, arterioles
D.
Venules, veins, capillaries, arterioles, arteries

A.
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

A type of cancerous bone tumor occurring in children and young adults and arising from bone marrow is
A.
Ewing sarcoma
B.
multiple myeloma
C.
enchondroma
D.
osteochondroma

A.
Ewing sarcoma

The advantages of digital subtraction angiography over film angiography include

greater sensitivity to contrast medium

immediately available images

increased resolution

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

B.
1 and 2 only

Which of the following factors can contribute to hypertension?

Obesity

Smoking

Stress

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

D.
1, 2, and 3

Which of the following interventional procedures can be used to increase the diameter of a stenosed vessel?

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)

Stent placement

Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC line)

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
1 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

B.
1 and 2 only

Which of the following guidelines should be followed when performing radiographic examinations on pediatric patients?
A.
Use restraint only when necessary.
B.
Always use physical or mechanical restraint.
C.
Use physical restraint only.
D.
Use mechanical restraint only.

A.
Use restraint only when necessary.

Which of the following is a condition in which an occluded blood vessel stops blood flow to a portion of the lungs?
A.
Pneumothorax
B.
Atelectasis
C.
Pulmonary embolism
D.
Hypoxia

C.
Pulmonary embolism

The CR will parallel the intervertebral foramina in which of the following projections?

Lateral cervical spine

Lateral thoracic spine

Lateral lumbar spine

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

C.
2 and 3 only

Patients are instructed to remove all jewelry, hair clips, metal prostheses, coins, and credit cards before entering the room for an examination in
A.
sonography
B.
computed tomography (CT)
C.
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
D.
nuclear medicine

C.
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

All the following statements regarding pediatric positioning are true except
A.
for radiography of the kidneys, the CR should be directed midway between the diaphragm and the symphysis pubis.
B.
if a pediatric patient is in respiratory distress, a chest radiograph should be obtained in the AP projection rather than in the standard PA projection.
C.
chest radiography on a neonate should be performed in the supine position.
D.
radiography of pediatric patients with a myelomeningocele defect should be performed in the supine position.

D.
radiography of pediatric patients with a myelomeningocele defect should be performed in the supine position.

Arteries and veins enter and exit the medial aspect of each lung at the
A.
root
B.
hilus
C.
carina
D.
epiglottis

B.
hilus

Which of the following statements regarding knee x-ray arthrography is (are) true?

Ligament tears can be demonstrated.

Sterile technique is observed.

MRI can follow x-ray.

A.
1 and 2 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

D.
1, 2, and 3

Which of the following is represented by the number 3 in Figure 2–36?

Figure 2–36.
Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology.

A.
Inferior vena cava
B.
Aorta
C.
Gallbladder
D.
Psoas muscle

B.
Aorta

Which of the following blood chemistry levels must the radiographer check prior to excretory urography?

Creatinine

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Red blood cells (RBCs)

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

B.
1 and 2 only

Which of the following statements regarding myelography is (are) correct?

Spinal puncture may be performed in the prone or flexed lateral position.

Contrast medium distribution is regulated through x-ray tube angulation.

The patient's neck must be in extension during Trendelenburg positions.

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
1 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

C.
1 and 3 only

Shoulder arthrography is performed to

evaluate humeral luxation

demonstrate complete or partial rotator cuff tear

evaluate the glenoid labrum

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

C.
2 and 3 only

Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding lower-extremity venography?
1. The patient is often examined in the semierect position.
2. Contrast medium is injected through a vein in the foot.
3. Imaging begins at the hip and proceeds inferiorly.

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 2 only
C.
1 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

B.
1 and 2 only

During lower-limb venography, tourniquets are applied above the knee and ankle to
1. suppress filling of the superficial veins.
2. coerce filling of the deep veins.
3. fill the anterior tibial vein.

A.
1 and 2 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

A.
1 and 2 only

Which of the following statements is true with regard to the two CT images seen in Figure 6–3?

Figure 6–3A&B.

Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology.

Image A illustrates more superior structures.

The images are sagittal reconstructions.

The exam was performed without artificial contrast.

A.
1 only
B.
1 and 3 only
C.
2 and 3 only
D.
1, 2, and 3

A.
1 only

The structure labeled number 2 in Figure 6–3, image B is the

Figure 6–3B.

Courtesy of Stamford Hospital, Department of Radiology.

A.
caudate lobe of liver
B.
duodenum
C.
colon
D.
gallbladder

D.
gallbladder