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Viewing:

Chapter 10- Photosynthesis Part A

front 1

Plants are photoautotrophs. What does this mean?

back 1

They use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic molecules from inorganic materials.

front 2

The ultimate source of energy to support most life on Earth is _____.

back 2

sunlight

front 3

Drag the labels from the left to their correct locations in the concept map on the right. Not all labels will be used.

back 3

front 4

Which of these equations best summarizes photosynthesis?

back 4

6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

front 5

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

back 5

E Stroma

front 6

The light reactions of photosynthesis use _____ and produce _____.

back 6

water ... NADPH NADPH is a reactant in the Calvin cycle.

front 7

Identify the chloroplast.

back 7

A

front 8

Identify the stroma.

back 8

E

front 9

Identify a thylakoid.

back 9

D

front 10

The photosynthetic membranes are found in the _____ in plant cells.

back 10

chloroplasts An elaborate system of interconnected thylakoid membranes segregates the stroma from the thylakoid space in the chloroplast.

front 11

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of

back 11

splitting water molecules.

front 12

Approximately what wavelength of light is best absorbed by chlorophyll a, the pigment that participates directly in the light reactions?

back 12

435 nm

front 13

Which wavelength of light is best absorbed by chlorophyll b?

back 13

455 nm

front 14

You obtain the pigments called carotenoids in your diet when you eat carrots. Why do carotenoids appear yellow and orange?

back 14

They absorb blue/green light and reflect yellow and red wavelengths of light.

front 15

Can you tell from these absorption spectra whether red light is effective in driving photosynthesis?

back 15

One cannot tell from this graph, but because chlorophyll a does absorb red light, we can predict that it would be effective in driving photosynthesis.

front 16

If only chlorophyll a were involved in the light reactions, would blue light (wavelength about 490 nm) be effective in driving photosynthesis?

back 16

The graph indicates that chlorophyll a absorbs very little blue light, so we can predict that blue light would not be effective.

front 17

An action spectrum plots the rate of photosynthesis at various wavelengths of visible light, and it shows that blue light with a wavelength of about 490 nm is effective in driving photosynthesis. Based on this information and the absorption spectra shown at left, what role may chlorophyll b and carotenoids play in photosynthesis?

back 17

These pigments are able to absorb more wavelengths of light (and thus more energy) than chlorophyll a alone can absorb. As part of light-harvesting complexes in photosystems, they broaden the range of light that can be used in the light reactions.

front 18

Which term describes ATP production resulting from the capture of light energy by chlorophyll?

back 18

Photophosphorylation The excitation of chlorophyll by light energy initiates a chain of events that leads to ATP production.

front 19

True or false? The chemiosmotic hypothesis states that the synthesis of ATP generates a proton gradient that leads to electron flow through an electron transport chain.

back 19

False

front 20

According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, what provides the energy that directly drives ATP synthesis?

back 20

Proton gradient A proton gradient across chloroplast and mitochondrial membranes drives ATP synthesis by the enzyme ATP synthase.

front 21

Which of the following particles can pass through the ATP synthase channel?

back 21

Protons

front 22

True or false? The region of ATP synthase that catalyzes the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate spans the chloroplast membrane.

back 22

False

front 23

Chloroplast membrane vesicles are equilibrated in a simple solution of pH 5. The solution is then adjusted to pH 8. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from these experimental conditions?

back 23

ATP will not be produced because there is no ADP and inorganic phosphate in the solution.

front 24

Which wavelengths of light drive the highest rates of photosynthesis? Select the two best answers.

back 24

400-450 nm 670-680 nm

front 25

input and output of light reactions

back 25

input: light, ADP, NADP+, water

output: O2, ATP, NADPH

front 26

Calvin cycle input and output:

back 26

Input: Co2, ATP, NADPH

Output:G3p, ADP, NADP+

front 27

In the light reactions, light energy is used to oxidize

back 27

H20 to O2

front 28

The Electrons derived from this oxidation reaction in the light reactions are used to reduce

back 28

NADP+ to NADPH

front 29

The Calvin cycle oxidizes the light reactions product

back 29

NADPH to NADP+

front 30

The electrons derived from this oxidation reaction in the calvin cycle are used to reduce

back 30

CO2 to G3p