front 1 The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as:
| back 1 infection |
front 2 Malaria, bubonic plague, Lyme disease, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever are examples of diseases that are spread by:
| back 2 vectors |
front 3 Immunity that is passed from mother to child in the mother’s milk is:
| back 3 passive immunity. |
front 4 Their morphology, genetic constitution, and biochemistry classify bacteria.
| back 4 true |
front 5 Which of the following is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis?
| back 5 Frequent hand washing |
front 6 The spread of infection via contaminated food referenced is spread by:
| back 6 fomite |
front 7 Lyme disease is a condition caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks. The tick bite may cause fever, fatigue, and other associated symptoms. This is an example of transmission of an infection by:
| back 7 a vector. |
front 8 The portal of entry describes the:
| back 8 method by which the pathogen enters the body. |
front 9 The most important way to prevent the spread of infection is:
| back 9 handwashing |
front 10 A person who acts as a reservoir of pathogenic organisms is referred to as a carrier. An example of a carrier is a:
| back 10 co-worker who has the clinical symptoms of a cold. |
front 11 Subcellular organisms that are among the smallest known disease-causing microorganisms are called:
| back 11 viruses |
front 12 The transport of microorganisms by means of contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood is referred to as a:
| back 12 vehicle |
front 13 All of the following describe an exogenous mode of transmission except:
| back 13 normal flora, such as bacteria in the mouth |
front 14 Contact precaution techniques require two health care providers.
| back 14 true |
front 15 Single-celled animals that are classified according to whether or not they are motile are called:
| back 15 protozoa |
front 16 Which of the following chemical methods of asepsis is applied topically?
| back 16 antiseptic |
front 17 Fungi carry their own genetic information as either RNA or DNA.
| back 17 false |
front 18 Which of the following microorganisms is able to ingest food particles and may be equipped with a rudimentary digestive system?
| back 18 protozoa |
front 19 Passive immunity is immunity that occurs as a result of:
| back 19 an injection of preformed antibodies. |
front 20 Which of the following is not considered a portal of entry for pathogenic organisms?
| back 20 Rectum |
front 21 Which of the following patients is most susceptible to a nosocomial infection?
| back 21 immunocompromised individuals |
front 22 Which of the following is involved in the cycle of infection?
| back 22 1, 2, and 3 |
front 23 By what method are pathogens spread when a person coughs or sneezes?
| back 23 Droplet |
front 24 Any microorganism that causes disease is:
| back 24 pathogenic |
front 25 Which of the following are involved in the body’s first line of defense against infection?
| back 25 1 and 2 only |
front 26 The most important barrier to an individual propagating an infectious organism is which of the following?
| back 26 the body’s immune defenses |
front 27 One type of microorganism is very difficult to treat medically because there are few effective medications and those are effective for only a limited number of organisms. This statement refers to:
| back 27 viruses |
front 28 All of the following are possible sources of nosocomial infection EXCEPT:
| back 28 transfer of microbes through hand contact with a waitress in the coffee shop adjacent to the hospital. |
front 29 All of the following are related EXCEPT:
| back 29 bacillus |
front 30 The incubation period for all infectious diseases is 1 week.
| back 30 false |
front 31 M. tuberculosis, rubeola virus, and varicella virus are transmitted by:
| back 31 airborne transmission. |
front 32 Airborne precautions are used for which of the following?
| back 32 patients with tuberculosis and pathogenic organisms that remain in the air |
front 33 Which of the following are NOT microorganisms?
| back 33 Fomites |
front 34 Radiology departments use halogen chlorine and iodine as a bactericidal agent.
| back 34 true |
front 35 At the conclusion of an interventional radiographic examination, the examination room is cleaned and major components are wiped down with chemical disinfectants. By performing this important task the radiographer is practicing:
| back 35 medical asepsis. |
front 36 Bacteria have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT they:
| back 36 are eukaryotic organisms. |
front 37 A disease spread by kissing is being transmitted by which of the following methods?
| back 37 Direct contact |
front 38 Two blood-borne pathogens of particular importance to hospital personnel are:
| back 38 hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. |
front 39 An example of an endogenous mode of transmission is acquiring a staphylococcal infection after a finger cut.
| back 39 true |
front 40 A nosocomial infection is an:
| back 40 infection acquired in a hospital. |
front 41 Pathogenic organisms have the ability to:
| back 41 all of the listed choices are correct. |
front 42 When a disease is spread by an insect depositing the pathogen on or in a human, it is transmitted by what method?
| back 42 Vector |
front 43 All of the following are viral infections EXCEPT:
| back 43 tinea pedis. |
front 44 Which of the following describes sources of nosocomial infections?
| back 44 all of the listed choices are correct |
front 45 Hydrogen peroxide is used in which of the following ways?
| back 45 in deep wounds |
front 46 Any warm, moist place, such as the human body, where microorganisms can grow and reproduce is called a:
| back 46 reservoir of infection. |
front 47 Microorganisms that need a host to reproduce and are unresponsive to antibiotics are called:
| back 47 viruses |
front 48 Properties of pathogens that distinguish them from normal flora are called:
| back 48 virulence factors. |
front 49 All of the following statements describe the use of standard precautions except:
| back 49 using precautions only for patients from the emergency department |
front 50 Which of the following terms describes the complete destruction or elimination of all living microorganisms?
| back 50 sterilization |
front 51 Once an organism is infected and by the time symptoms of the infectious process manifest, several steps have taken place. These steps consist of:
| back 51 1, 2, 4, and 7 only |
front 52 Biosafety in the medical imaging department includes:
| back 52 all of the listed choices are included. |
front 53 Hepatitis B is an example of a virus transmitted as a blood-borne pathogen.
| back 53 true |
front 54 All of the following are effective methods of sterilization EXCEPT:
| back 54 hand washing. |
front 55 A spirochete is an example of a:
| back 55 bacterium |
front 56 Which microorganisms are classified according to their shape and a staining process?
| back 56 Bacteria |
front 57 When an infection causes the body to produce an inflammatory response, white blood cells engulf microorganisms in a process called:
| back 57 phagocytosis |
front 58 Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?
| back 58 Bacteria |
front 59 Nosocomial infections are those that are contracted:
| back 59 within a hospital. |
front 60 In a hospital setting, constant awareness is given to the simple fact that patients come to the hospital because they are sick and vulnerable to disease. With the current system of medical care, by the time patients come to the hospital setting for care, they are sicker than ever in the past. The most common nosocomial infection seen in hospital patients is:
| back 60 urinary tract infections from Foley catheter insertions. |
front 61 A few days after a stereotactic breast biopsy performed by a radiologist in a breast imaging center the patient returns to her physician with an obvious infection at the incision site. This would be an example of a(n):
| back 61 iatrogenic infection. |
front 62 Standard precautions are used to protect the patient only.
| back 62 false |
front 63 Chemical substances capable of killing pathologic microbes are termed:
| back 63 bactericidal |
front 64 Which precaution(s) is/are used when pathogens are disseminated by means of large particulate droplets expelled from the patient?
| back 64 droplet precautions |
front 65 The chain of infection consists of:
| back 65 host, infectious microbe, mode of transmission, reservoir. |
front 66 A pathogen that requires contact precautions is:
| back 66 MRSA. |
front 67 A physician can cause an iatrogenic infection.
| back 67 true |
front 68 The single greatest measure that can be done to prevent the spread of infection is:
| back 68 proper hand-washing technique. |
front 69 HIV and syphilis are examples of infections that are spread by means of:
| back 69 direct contact. |
front 70 These microorganisms occur as yeasts or molds and can infect the skin, nail beds, and scalp.
| back 70 Fungi |
front 71 The portal of exit describes the:
| back 71 method by which the pathogen exits the body. |
front 72 Handwashing falls into which category of asepsis?
| back 72 medical asepsis |
front 73 An animal or a plant that harbors or nourishes another organism is called:
| back 73 a host |
front 74 Which of the following is not a method of sterilization?
| back 74 Hand washing |
front 75 When you and a colleague perform a portable chest radiograph on a patient with contact precautions, it would be appropriate to:
| back 75 1, 3, and 5 only |
front 76 Medical asepsis reduces the number of infectious agents to zero by means of sterilization.
| back 76 false |