front 1 Which of the following are negative inotropic agents? | back 1 calcium channel blockers, acidosis, increased K+ ions |
front 2 Which of the following are positive inotropic agents? | back 2 epinephrine, sympathetic ANS stimulation |
front 3 Factors that tend to result in coronary artery disease: | back 3 cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels |
front 4 Which factors tend to increase the heart rate? | back 4 higher Ca++, hyperthyroidism, sympathetic stimulation |
front 5 When looking at the anterior surface of the heart, the left side of that heart is on the viewer's right side. | back 5 True |
front 6 The right ventricular wall is thicker than the left ventricular wall. | back 6 False |
front 7 An inflammation of the pericardium in which pericardial fluid often collects is called acute pericarditis. | back 7 False |
front 8 The presence of creatine kinase in the blood is an indicator of the degree of heart damage after an MI. | back 8 True |
front 9 Hormones, such as epinephrine, are important in establishing the sequence pattern of the cardiac cycle. | back 9 False |
front 10 Hormones, such as epinephrine, are important in modifying heart rate and the strength of heart contraction. | back 10 True |
front 11 The main reason for a long plateau phase is that K+ channels open so that the K+ outflow matches the Ca++ inflow maintaining the period of depolarization. | back 11 False |
front 12 A Holter monitor is used to detect brief ECG abnormalities that may occur over a 24 hour period. | back 12 True |
front 13 The ECG pattern is the same regardless of the lead positions of the electrodes. | back 13 False |
front 14 The ANS controls the opening of the atrial ventricular valves but not the semilunar valves of the heart. | back 14 False |
front 15 The first heart sound heard using auscultation is the closing of the semilunar valves. | back 15 False |
front 16 High afterload values in the left ventricle tends to result in pulmonary edema. | back 16 True |
front 17 Higher afterload values decrease the stroke volume. | back 17 True |
front 18 Inotropic agents are those that increase or decrease the strength of contraction of the heart at any given preload. | back 18 True |
front 19 Oxygenated blood is found in the right ventricle. | back 19 False |
front 20 The right atrium receives blood from the coronary sinus. | back 20 True |
front 21 Chordae tendineae stabilize the bicuspid valve and prevent it from prolapsing. | back 21 True |
front 22 Blood enters the systemic circuit of blood flow by passing through the pulmonary (pulmonic) valve. | back 22 False |
front 23 The interventricular septum separates the ventricles from the atria. | back 23 False |
front 24 In a mitral valve prolapse, a portion of the bicuspid valve protrudes into the left atrium. | back 24 True |
front 25 The coronary artery carries blood to the right atrium. | back 25 False |
front 26 Gap junctions in the intercalated disks allow action potentials to pass from one cardiac muscle cell to another. | back 26 True |
front 27 Purkinje fibers transmit the action potential from the apex of the heart to the ventricles. | back 27 True |
front 28 Cardiac muscle fibers produce much of their energy by way of anaerobic respiration. | back 28 False |
front 29 Blood pressure is highest in the aorta during ventricular diastole. | back 29 False |
front 30 Cardiac output is the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each minute. | back 30 True |
front 31 Baroreceptors monitor changes in blood chemistry. | back 31 False |
front 32 Bradycardia is a condition in which the resting heart rate is greater than 80 beats per minute. | back 32 False |
front 33 During fetal development, an opening called the foramen ovale allows blood in the right and left ventricles to mix. | back 33 False |
front 34 S-T Segment | back 34 time that ventricular contractile fibers are depolarized |
front 35 P Wave | back 35 Atrial depolarization |
front 36 QRS Complex | back 36 Ventricular depolarization |
front 37 P-Q or P-R interval | back 37 conduction time from the beginning of the atrial depolarization to beginning of ventricular excitation |
front 38 T Wave | back 38 Ventricular repolarization |
front 39 Q-T Interval | back 39 time from the beginning of ventricular depolarization to end of repolarization |
front 40 By comparison, cardiac muscle cells have (longer, shorter) contraction plateau time than skeletal muscle cells. | back 40 longer |
front 41 A person with a cardiac reserve ratio of around "1" has (good, bad) cardiac function. | back 41 bad |
front 42 A severe hemorrhage might be expected to (raise, lower) the preload volume of the heart. | back 42 lower |
front 43 Within the range of optimum sarcomere length, a (higher, lower) preload volume will increase the strength of ventricular
| back 43 higher |
front 44 The right ventricular afterload is (higher, lower) than the left ventricular afterload. | back 44 lower |
front 45 Norepinephrine binds to the beta 1 receptors that (enhance, depress) calcium entry into the voltage-gated calcium channels of the
| back 45 enhance |
front 46 Without outside influences, the spontaneous depolarizing rate of the SA node is (100, 75) per minute. | back 46 100 |
front 47 Cutting the vagus nerve would be expected to (increase, decrease) the resting heart rate. | back 47 increase |
front 48 The maximum heart rate for a 50-year old man would calculate out to be (150, 170) beats per minute. | back 48 170 |
front 49 Regular aerobic exercise for at least 20 minutes, 3-5 times a week (increases, decreases) the resting heart rate over time. | back 49 decreases |
front 50 ______ are interconnections of blood vessels that provide for collateral circuits of blood flow. | back 50 anastomses |
front 51 ______ is the narrowing of a heart valve opening. | back 51 stenosis |