front 1 Aerosol medications are | back 1 Water vaporized with medications to be inhaled |
front 2 Airway Management is | back 2 Use of various techniques and devices to establish or maintain a functional air passageway |
front 3 Cardiopulmonary System is | back 3 The combination of cardiac and pulmonary systems. ie: The heart and lungs |
front 4 What is CoARC | back 4 The committee on accreditation for respiratory care. This committee accredits schools programs on respiratory care. |
front 5 What does NBRC stand for | back 5 The national board of respiratory care. This board administers the testing to become certified and registered respiratory therapists. |
front 6 What is Oxygen Therapy | back 6 The abilities to deliver oxygen to people who are having oxygen deficiencies. |
front 7 What are PFT's | back 7 Pulmonary function tests, wide range of diagnostic procedures to measure and evaluate lung functioning. |
front 8 What is respiratory care? | back 8 Health care discipline that specializes in the promotion of optimal cardiopulmonary function and health. |
front 9 What are respiratory care practitioners | back 9 Health care professionals who are educated and trained to provide respiratory care to patients. |
front 10 What are RT's | back 10 Apply scientific principles to prevent, identify and treat acute or chronic dysfunction of the cardiopulmonary system. |
front 11 What is mechanical ventilation | back 11 the use of mechanical devices to provide ventilator support for patients. |
front 12 What is the Joint Commission? | back 12 A private non-governing agency that establishes guidelines for the operation of hospitals and other health care facilities, conducts accreditation programs, surveys, and encourages the attainment of high standards of institutional medical care. |
front 13 What are respiratory care protocols | back 13 Specification of actions that allows respiratory care practitioners to initiate and adjust therapy independently, within guidelines previously established by the medical staff. |
front 14 What are the three states of matter | back 14 Solid, Liquid, and Gases. Solids have a fixed volume and shape, they have strong mutual forces between atoms. Liquids have a fixed volume but adapt to the shape of their container. Atoms have less mutual attraction to each other. Gases molecular forces are very weak. They are easily compressed and expanded. They have no fixed volume or shape. |
front 15 What is absolute humidity | back 15 The actual mass or content of water in a measured volume of air, usually expressed in grams per cubic meter or pounds. |
front 16 what is adhesion | back 16 band of scar tissue that binds anatomic surfaces that are normally separate from each other. |
front 17 What are ATP's | back 17 Ambient Temperature Pressure Saturated. A correction factor |
front 18 What is Cohesion | back 18 Attractive forces between like molecules. |
front 19 what is condensation | back 19 change of a state from gas to liquid. As with water vapor condensation. |
front 20 What is conduction | back 20 the transfer of heat by the direct interaction of atoms or molecules in a hot area that contact atoms or molecules in a cooler area. |
front 21 what is critical temp | back 21 the highest temperature at which a substance can exist as a liquid, regardless of the pressure. |
front 22 what is Dalton's Law | back 22 law stating that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressure exerted by the individual gases if they were present alone in the container. |
front 23 What is flow resistance | back 23 the difference in pressure between the two points along a tube divided by the actual flow. |
front 24 what is fluid entrainment | back 24 use of the Bernoulli effect to draw a second fluid into a stream of flow. A vacuum effect. |
front 25 what is kinetic energy | back 25 the energy of motion or movement. |
front 26 what is laminar flow | back 26 a fluid moving in discrete cylindrical layers or streamlines through a tube. |
front 27 What is the law of thermodynamics | back 27 laws that describe the relation between temperature and the kinetics of matter changing it's state. Energy can not be created or destroyed. the conservation of energy |
front 28 what is melting point | back 28 temperature at which the solid and liquid forms of a substance are in equilibrium. |
front 29 what is radiation | back 29 heat transfer without direct contact. |
front 30 what is relative humidity | back 30 a gas that is not fully saturated, the ratio of it's actual water vapor content to it's saturated capacity at a given temperature. |
front 31 what is surface tension | back 31 the tendency of a liquid to minimize the area of it's surface by contracting. This property causes liquids to rise in a capillary tube, effects the exchange of gases in the pulmonary alveoli, and alters the ability of various liquids to wet another surface. |
front 32 what is thermal conductivity | back 32 measure of heat. four methods of heat transfer, conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation. |
front 33 What is turbulent flow | back 33 Fluid molecules forming irregular eddy currents in a chaotic pattern. |
front 34 what is vaporization | back 34 is the change of state from liquid to gas. vaporization requires heat energy. |
front 35 what is viscosity | back 35 is the force opposing a fluids flow. |
front 36 what is water vapor pressure | back 36 the pressure exerted by water in it's gaseous state. |
front 37 what is capillary action | back 37 a phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity. Capillary action involves both adhesion and surface tension forces. |
front 38 what are the gas laws | back 38 Charles, Daltons, Gay-Lussac, Bernoullis, Pousielles |
front 39 does water vapor exert pressure | back 39 no |
front 40 what is BTPS | back 40 Body Temperature Pressure Saturated |
front 41 What is a Venturi Tube | back 41 a modified entrainment device which widens just after it's jet or nozzle, helps restore fluid pressure. Provides greater entrainment. |
front 42 What is a Pitot Tube | back 42 Tube that restores fluid velocity, lessens the effect of downstream pressure on fluid entrainment. |
front 43 how to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit | back 43 9/5(temperature in Celsius)+32 |
front 44 how to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius | back 44 9/5(temperature in Fahrenheit-32) |
front 45 what is absolute zero | back 45 the lowest possible temperature that can be achieved. |
front 46 what is boiling point | back 46 the temperature at which it's vapor pressure exceeds it's atmospheric pressure. |
front 47 What are state changes | back 47 melting, freezing and sublimation. Melting: the changeover from a solid to a liquid state, Freezing: The changeover from a liquid to a solid due to extreme cold temperatures. Sublimation: Transition from a solid to a gaseous state without becoming a liquid first. This occurs because the vapor pressure is low enough for the intermediate liquid not to appear. Dry Ice is an example of sublimation. |
front 48 What is temperature | back 48 the measurement of heat. The collision of molecules. |
front 49 What is solubility of gases | back 49 (Henry's Law) Volume of gas dissolved in a liquid is a function of it's solubility coefficient and it's partial pressure. |
front 50 What is fluid dynamics | back 50 study of fluids in motion |
front 51 what is epp | back 51 equal pressure point |
front 52 what is a normal minute ventilation | back 52 5-10ml |
front 53 characteristics of acids | back 53 compound that can donate H+ ions
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front 54 characteristics of bases | back 54 compound that donate OH- (NaOH)
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front 55 A substance with more H+ ions or less OH- is acidic or Alkaline | back 55 Acidic |
front 56 A substance with less H+ ions or more OH- is acidic or alkaline | back 56 Alkaline |
front 57 Sodium's normal range is _______ and is most important in extracellular action. | back 57 136-145mEq/L |
front 58 Electrolytes maintain the internal or external environment, facilitating chemical & physiologic events. | back 58 Internal |
front 59 Chloride is a anion and it's normal range is _____, and it's the body's most prominent anion. | back 59 98-106 |
front 60 Bicarbonate is a anion. it's normal range is ______, HCO3 is part of buffering and is reabsorbed by the kidneys. In acidosis kidneys retain HCO3 to buffer extra acid. | back 60 22-26 |
front 61 Potassium normal range is _____. Main intracellular cation 98% found in cells. In acidosis, excess H+ is exchanged for K+. Alkalosis results in the exact opposite reaction. | back 61 3.5-5.0 |
front 62 Calcium normal range is | back 62 4.5-5.25 |
front 63 Exhalation is __________. relaxation of muscles | back 63 Passive |
front 64 Ventilation is ________ inspiration and expiration | back 64 Cyclic |
front 65 Trans Respiratory Pressure is | back 65 Gradient that causes gas flow in and out of the lungs. Prs= Palv-P(bs or ao) |
front 66 Trans pulmonary pressure | back 66 keeps alveoli open. surfactant plays role in this |
front 67 Elastance is | back 67 characteristic of strecthability. |
front 68 Elasticity is | back 68 How well an object recoils or returns to it's original shape after being stretched or damaged in someway |
front 69 Pulmonary Surfactant | back 69 reduces surface tension. surfactant stabilizes alveoli by preventing collapse. |
front 70 RAW-Airway Resistance | back 70 Total measurement of all forces combined. Total gas flow. |
front 71 Physiological dead space is | back 71 anatomic and alveolar dead space combined |
front 72 Hyperventilation occurs when | back 72 the PaCO2 is less that (<) 35mmHg more CO2 is being blown off than is being produced. |
front 73 Hypoventilation occurs when | back 73 the PaCO2 is more that (>) 45mmHg less CO2 is being blown off than is being produced. |
front 74 Alveolar Dead Space is | back 74 Dead space in alveoli. Air that is ventilated but not profused. Gas is not being exchanged. |
front 75 Anatomic Dead Space is | back 75 Air that is in the conductive zone that does not reach the alveoli. This air is not reaching the alveoli. |
front 76 What is Tidal Volume (Vt) | back 76 a normal breath in or out. normal is 5-7mL/kg around 500mL. minute ventilation divided by the respiratory rate. |
front 77 Alveolar Ventilation formula | back 77 Va=(Vt-Vd)
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front 78 Minute Ventilation formula | back 78 Vt x RR
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front 79 Dead space ventilation (Vd) is | back 79 2.2mL x kg
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front 80 Minute Dead Space formula | back 80 Vd x RR
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front 81 Minute Alveolar Dead Space | back 81 Va x RR or minute ventilation minus minute dead space
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