front 1 Function to maintain the body's state of homeostasis by regulating fluid and electrolytes, removing wastes, and providing hormones involved in RBC production, bone metabolism, and control of bp | back 1 Renal and Urinary System |
front 2 What are the 4 main structures of the Renal and Urinary System? | back 2 1) Kidneys 2)Ureters 3)Bladder 4)Urethra |
front 3 What are the 3 steps in formation of urine? | back 3 1) Filtration 2) Reabsorption 3) Secrete |
front 4 What is the normal urine characteristics for the following?
| back 4 1) Amount: 1000-2000 mL/day
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front 5 How many mL should a person excrete per hour? | back 5 30 - 50 mL: if it is under 30, it should be reported to the Dr. |
front 6 What constitutes urine? | back 6 95% water and waste products such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid |
front 7 T/F
| back 7 False - these are all abnormal |
front 8 What is the normal ADULT bladder capacity? | back 8 300 - 500 mL |
front 9 What is the best indicator for a physical assessment? | back 9 Daily weight |
front 10 How many mL is considered urinary retention? | back 10 100 mL or more |
front 11 The absence of urine formation is termed ________. | back 11 Anuria (less than 300 mL) |
front 12 Urine cultures ID bacteria and are collected __________ taking an antibiotic. | back 12 Before |
front 13 The most important indicator for renal function is the value of ________ _________. | back 13 Serum Creatinine |
front 14 Creatinine Clearance Test is a ____ hr screening. | back 14 24 hr. |
front 15 Specific Gravity test is used to evaluate which organ? | back 15 kidneys |
front 16 Urine osmolarity evaluates ________ function. | back 16 kidney |
front 17 Blood urea nitrogen can be used to tell what organ's functions? | back 17 liver |
front 18 KUB radiologic study stands for: | back 18 Kidneys Ureter Bladder |
front 19 What radiologic study shows tumors, swollen kidneys, and kidney stones? | back 19 KUB Radiologic Study |
front 20 Before doing an intravenous pyleogram study, you must: | back 20 1)check allergies 2)creatinine lvl for renal function 3) BUN lvl (liver and kidney function) |
front 21 What does a renal ultrasound show: | back 21 kidney enlargement, kidney stones, chronic infection, and tumors |
front 22 T/F
| back 22 True - You want to discourage bubble baths. A sitz bath may contain medication and is defined as a warm water bath used for healing or cleansing purposes. |
front 23 A 24 hr urine collection is scheduled to start at 3 p.m. When should the nurse start the procedure? | back 23 After discarding the first specimen. |
front 24 T/F
| back 24 False - urea is normal in small amt. It is considered abnormal in high concentrations. |
front 25 A condition that typically occurs when one kidney becomes swollen due to the failure of normal drainage of urine from the kidney to the bladder (due to obstruction in the urinary tract). | back 25 Hydronephrosis |
front 26 Low output of urine - typically 400 mL is called ______. | back 26 Oliguria |
front 27 Oliguria, anorexia, and lethargy are all indicators of ______ ______. | back 27 Renal Failure |
front 28 Frequency, urgency, dysuria and hematuria, flank and back pain, and renal failure are all common signs and symptoms of __________. | back 28 hydronephrosis |
front 29 Therapeutic interventions for hydronephrosis include urinary catheters, stents, a nephrostomy tube, and _________. | back 29 Treating the cause - relieving the obstruction, neph tube inserted direction into the kidney pelvis to drain the urine. |
front 30 Multiple cysts in the kidneys is called ______ _____ disease. | back 30 Polycystic Kidney Disease |
front 31 The most common complication with polycystic kidney disease is ____ | back 31 UTI |
front 32 T/F
| back 32 True |
front 33 What urinary disease is classified as progressive, hereditary, and no treatment available? | back 33 Polycystic Kidney Disease |
front 34 How do you assess polycystic kidney disease? | back 34 palpate and feed for an enlarged cystic kidney |
front 35 What diagnostic test can be performed to identify polycystic kidney disease? | back 35 ultrasound |
front 36 T/F
| back 36 False - the exact cause is unknown and kidney cancer is rare |
front 37 Risk factors for kidney cancer are ___________. | back 37 smoking, obesity, hypertension, and exposure to lead/cadmium/and phosphates |
front 38 T/F
| back 38 False- kidney cancer is more prevalent in men of he ages 50 - 70. |
front 39 A palpable abdominal mass found during a routine exam (early), hematuria, and dull pain in flank area are all signs of __________. | back 39 Kidney cancer |
front 40 IVP cystoscopy and pyleogram, renal ultrasound, ct scan, mri of abdomen, and biopsy are all diagnostic tests for what type of cancer? | back 40 Kidney |
front 41 A sudden loss of kidney function | back 41 Acute renal failure |
front 42 Waste products accumulate (nitrous waste), GFR decreases, and BUN increases is known as ________. | back 42 Azotemia |
front 43 T/F
| back 43 False - A pt can recover from acute renal failure |
front 44 What are the three stages of acute renal failure? | back 44 1) Prerenal failure 2) intrarenal failure 3) postrenal failure |
front 45 Decreased blood supply to the kidneys describes which stage of acute renal failure? | back 45 stage 1 - pre renal failure |
front 46 Damage to the nephrons describes which stage of acute renal failure? | back 46 stage 2 - intra renal failure |
front 47 Obstruction describes which stage of acute renal failure? | back 47 stage 3 - post renal failure |
front 48 Describe and put in order the 4 phases a person undergoes when diagnosed with acute renal failure (oliguria, recovery, initiation, diuresis) | back 48 Initiation - begins with the initial insult and ends when oliguria develops
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front 49 Muscle twitching and seizures, dry skin and mucous membranes, and an increase in BUN and creatinine are signs of what renal disorder? | back 49 Acute Renal Failure |
front 50 This renal disorder is characterized by a gradual decrease in kidney function, is irreversible, and refereed to as End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). | back 50 Chronic Renal Failure |
front 51 T/F
| back 51 False- chronic renal failure |
front 52 A person who is in chronic renal failure is prone to fractures and may need what type of supplement? | back 52 calcium |
front 53 The most common UTI - (inflammation of the bladder wall) is called ________________. | back 53 cystitis |
front 54 This bacteria causes 80% of UTIs | back 54 E-Coli |
front 55 This type of infection can result from a lower uti and can lead to sepsis. | back 55 pyleonephritis |
front 56 What type of incontinence is described as involuntary urine loss from increasing abdominal pressure? | back 56 stress |
front 57 What type of incontinence is described as involuntary urine loss with abrupt/strong desire to void? | back 57 urge |
front 58 What type of incontinence is described as distension of the bladder? | back 58 overflow |
front 59 What type of incontinence is described as impairment of physical/mental function? | back 59 functional |
front 60 What type of incontinence is described as continuous and unpredictable loss of urine? | back 60 total |
front 61 T/F
| back 61 True - urinary incontinence is not. |
front 62 T/F
| back 62 True |
front 63 This type of indwelling catheter is inserted through an incision in the lower abdomen into the bladder | back 63 suprapubic catheter |
front 64 Renal calculi are also known as ____________. | back 64 Kidney Stones |
front 65 The leading cause of bladder cancer is ________. | back 65 Smoking |