front 1 four basic components of a physical examination | back 1 1. inspection
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front 2 initial examination | back 2 most often performed by the attending physician to assist in making the diagnosis |
front 3 subsequent examination | back 3 performed by other members of the health care team to monitor the patient's progress and assess the patient's response to treatment |
front 4 facial expressions | back 4 may provide clues to the mental status of the patient |
front 5 nasal flaring | back 5 a sign of labored breathing |
front 6 cyanosis | back 6 bluish color of the lips and tongue that indicates inadequate oxygenation of the blood |
front 7 diaphoresis | back 7 sweating which is a sign of stress and common in patients having a myocardial infarction |
front 8 examination of the eyes | back 8 - pupillary reflexes tested by shining a light into the patient's eyes
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front 9 examination of the neck | back 9 - assess for jugular venous distention
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front 10 barrel chest | back 10 an abnormal increase in A-P diameter (COPD) |
front 11 kyphosis | back 11 an abnormal A-P curvature of the spine |
front 12 scolliosis | back 12 an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
front 13 kyphoscoliosis | back 13 an abnormal A-P and lateral curvature of the spine |
front 14 restrictive lung disease | back 14 rapid and shallow breathing |
front 15 intrathoracic airway obstruction | back 15 prolonged expiratory time |
front 16 upper airway obstruction | back 16 prolonged inspiratory time |
front 17 use of accessory muscles | back 17 indicates an increase in the work of breathing |
front 18 abdominal paradox | back 18 occurs when the abdomen sinks inward with each inspiratory effort |
front 19 respiratory alternans | back 19 occurs with diaphragm fatigue and is seen as alternating between breathing only with the chest muscles and only breathing with the diaphragm |
front 20 vocal fremitus | back 20 palpating the chest while the patient repeats the words "ninety-nine" |
front 21 chest palpation | back 21 - increased with pneumonia and atelectasis
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front 22 chest percussion | back 22 - done during examination to access resonance of the underlying tissue
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front 23 chest auscultations | back 23 performed with a stethescope:
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front 24 auscultation technique | back 24 - ask the patient to breath a little deeper than normal
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front 25 precordium examination | back 25 - inspected and palpated for normal and abnormal pulsations
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front 26 cardiac murmurs | back 26 caused by rapid blood flow through a narrowed valve or backflow through an incompetent valve |
front 27 systolic murmur | back 27 occurs when the blood passes trough narrowed semilunar valves or backflows through incompetent AV valves |
front 28 diastolic murmur | back 28 occurs when stenotic AV valves or incompetent semilunar valves |
front 29 abdomen examination | back 29 - performed to inspect and palpate for distention or tenderness
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front 30 hepatomegaly | back 30 a large liver |
front 31 ascites | back 31 an abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity |
front 32 digital clubbing | back 32 can be a serious sign of chronic cardiopulmonary disease |
front 33 peripheral cyanosis | back 33 consistent with poor circulation |
front 34 pedal edema | back 34 may be a sign of heart failure (COPD) |
front 35 physical examination | back 35 provides reliable and important evidence regarding the patient's clinical condition |
front 36 respiratory therapists | back 36 must be skilled at PE to assess the patient's condition and evaluate the effects of treatments |
front 37 best evaluation | back 37 comes from looking at multiple parameters from the PE |