front 1 what is the only way that shigella and e. coli are distinguished | back 1 shigella cause bacillary dysentery, e. coli do not |
front 2 how many serogroups of shigella are there | back 2 4 |
front 3 what are the serogroups of shigella based on | back 3 O carbohydrate antigens |
front 4 are there animal cariers of shigella | back 4 no |
front 5 where does shigella live | back 5 colon |
front 6 how is shigella transmitted | back 6 fecal oral |
front 7 what does shigella invade in the colon | back 7 mucosa, rarely past epitheilal cells |
front 8 is shigella septicemia rate high | back 8 no |
front 9 what does severity of shigella illness depend on | back 9 serogroup cuasing infection |
front 10 what is the milder shigella species | back 10 snonei |
front 11 what is the more severe shigella species | back 11 s. dysentriae |
front 12 how many cases of shigella are due to s. sonnei | back 12 75% |
front 13 how many causes do children under 5 account for | back 13 50% |
front 14 what is the correlation between shigella disease severity and amount of toxin produced | back 14 more toxin, more severe disease |
front 15 what types of effects does shiga toxin have | back 15 neurotoxic
|
front 16 what are the parts of the shiga toxin | back 16 A and 5 B subunits |
front 17 how many parts of the A subunit are there in shiga toxin | back 17 A1 and A2 |
front 18 what does the A1 peptides of shiga toxin do | back 18 irreversibly inactivates 60S ribosomal subunit resulting in inhibition or protein synthesis |
front 19 what is the role of B subunit in shiga toxin | back 19 binding of toxin to mucosal cell |
front 20 what is the role of shiga toxin in disease | back 20 unclear as toxin-negative strains can still cause disease |
front 21 what will the gram stains of shigella look like | back 21 GNR, non lactose fermentes |
front 22 is there H2S production by shigella | back 22 no |
front 23 what type of biochemical tests/serology can be used to ID shigella | back 23 anti-O antibody agglutination |
front 24 what types of stool exam would ID shigella | back 24 methylene blue: presence of PMNs suggests invasive organism like salmonella, shigella, campylobacter |
front 25 what are the treatments for shigella | back 25 antibiotics can help, public health measures |
front 26 what family is just like the salmonella family in genetics | back 26 arizona |
front 27 where did arizona and salmonella have a commmon ancestor | back 27 s. enterica |
front 28 what are the 3 main types of salmonella | back 28 typhi
|
front 29 which type of salmonella only infects humans | back 29 typhi |
front 30 how many serotypes are there of salmonella tyhphi and choleraesuis | back 30 1 each |
front 31 how many salmonella enteritidis serotypes are there | back 31 shit ton |
front 32 what is the clincal manifestation of s. typhii | back 32 typhoid fever |
front 33 what happens in typhoid fever | back 33 fever
|
front 34 what are the rose spots of typhoid fever | back 34 rose colored papules on abdomen |
front 35 how long does tyhpoid fever last | back 35 3-4 weeks |
front 36 how many of typhii infected become chronic carriers | back 36 3% |
front 37 how do typhii infected people become chronic carriers | back 37 GB infection |
front 38 how is typhii tranmitted | back 38 fecal-oral |
front 39 where does infection of typhii begin | back 39 SI, but few GI symptoms |
front 40 where does typhii multiply | back 40 Peyer's patches |
front 41 how does typhii spread | back 41 reticuloendotheila system in liver ans pleen |
front 42 what is fever in typhii due to | back 42 bacteremia and endotoxin |
front 43 where can s. typhii survive and grow | back 43 inside MPs |
front 44 what is a virulence factor of s. typhii | back 44 capsule |
front 45 what is improtant to defend vs. s. typhii infection | back 45 gastric acid |
front 46 what will gram stain show with typhii | back 46 GNR
|
front 47 does s. typhii make H2S | back 47 yes small |
front 48 how would you identify s. typhii species | back 48 serologic tests |
front 49 how would you treat typhii | back 49 quinolones, chloramphenico |
front 50 how would you prevent typhii | back 50 clean water supply |
front 51 what are the s. typhii vaccines | back 51 killed whole bacterial vaccine
|
front 52 what are the clinical manifestationso f s. enteritidis/cholerasuis | back 52 gastroenteritis
|
front 53 how long after ingesting s. enteritids will you get an illness | back 53 18-24 hours |
front 54 what are the symptoms of s. enteritids gastroenteritis | back 54 diarrhea, fever, abdrominal pain |
front 55 how long does s. enteriditis gastroenteritis last | back 55 2-5 days |
front 56 will s. enteritis remain in the colon after an acute infection | back 56 yes for a couple weeks |
front 57 what are symptoms of s. enteritidis speticemia | back 57 prolonged fever chills anorexia anemia |
front 58 what are the secondary infections of s. enteritiis septicemia | back 58 osteomyelitis
|
front 59 is there gastroenteritis in septicemia s. enteritidis | back 59 minor or absent |
front 60 what is s. cholerasuis associated with | back 60 septicemia and osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients |
front 61 what are s. enteritidis enteric fever symptoms similar to | back 61 typhoid fever but milder and lower mortality |
front 62 what are the symptoms of s. enteritidis enteric fever | back 62 initial lethargy, fever, malaise, myalgia
|
front 63 what time will s. enteritidis enteric fever resolve in | back 63 3-4 weeks |
front 64 what could be at the end of a s. enteridisis enteric fever | back 64 intestinal performation |
front 65 where does s. enteritidis reside | back 65 enteric tracts of animals and humans |
front 66 what are the most frequent animal sources of s. enteriditis | back 66 chickens, eggs, pet reptiles |
front 67 what is the transmission route of s. enteritidis | back 67 fecal oral |
front 68 what does s. enteritis invade | back 68 small and large intestine then blood to cause sepsis in 5-10% |
front 69 what are the virulence factors of s. enteritis | back 69 endotoxin |
front 70 what is an important host defense against s. enteritidis | back 70 gastric acid |
front 71 what would a gram stain of s. enteritids look like | back 71 GNR
|
front 72 does s. enteritids make H2S | back 72 yes |
front 73 where would you isolate and ID biochem/serologically from in gastroenteritis | back 73 stool |
front 74 where would you isolate and ID biochem/serologically in enteric fevers | back 74 blood |
front 75 should you give s. enteritids people antidiarrheals | back 75 no |
front 76 how is sepsis of s. enteridis treated | back 76 quinolones and chloramphenicol |
front 77 how would you prevent s. enteritidis | back 77 cook poultry, dont eat raw eggs, no reptile pets especially with young kids |
front 78 what things do salmonella and edwardsiella have in common | back 78 biochem and epidemiology |
front 79 how do arizona ferment lactose | back 79 slowly |
front 80 how is arizona acquired | back 80 feces of chicaken, domestic anomals, dried eggs |
front 81 what types of disease do arizonas cause | back 81 enterocolitis and enteric fevers also (like salmonella) |