front 1 emergency medical response team | back 1 responds to accidents, natural disasters, health emergencies in a remote or otherwise dangerous location |
front 2 field emergency response team | back 2 paramedic, emergency medicine technician, disaster response technician, emergency medicine physician |
front 3 facility emergency response team | back 3 emergency medicine nurse practitioner, emergency services coordinator, triage nurse, emergency communications specialists |
front 4 What are the steps to sizing up a scene? | back 4 survey and assess, ensure safety before moving in (control situation, look for hazards, assess situation, protect yourself and bystanders and prioritize individuals in most need) |
front 5 primary assessment | back 5 process used to rapidly determine any health conditions that may be life threatening to your patient |
front 6 How long should a primary assessment take? | back 6 less than 15 seconds |
front 7 What are the steps to primary assessment? | back 7 form general impression of patient, determine mechanism of injury, determine patient responsiveness, consider stabilizing the patient's spine, check ABCs |
front 8 spinal board | back 8 device used to immobilize spine |
front 9 cervical fracture | back 9 broken neck, could lead to permanent paralysis or death |
front 10 ABC's initially | back 10 airway, breathing, circulation |
front 11 stridor | back 11 noisy, wheezing breaths due to constricted airway |
front 12 bag-valve-mask resuscitator | back 12 mask with handheld pump used for manual ventilation (providing air) of patient suffering respiratory emergency |
front 13 How do you check breathing? | back 13 head tilt for adults, tilt only slightly for child, tilt into neutral for infants |
front 14 bloodborne pathogens | back 14 disease-causing agents carried and transmitted by blood |
front 15 secondary assessment | back 15 quickly complete a head-to-toe physical exam and take vitals |
front 16 How long does secondary assessment take? | back 16 45 seconds |
front 17 pupillary response | back 17 the involuntary changing of size of pupil, determine nervous system health in secondary assessment |
front 18 consensual pupillary reflex | back 18 shine light into eye to get response in opposite eye |
front 19 dilation | back 19 widening of pupil |
front 20 constriction | back 20 narrowing of pupil |
front 21 What does it mean if the consensual pupillary reflex does not occur or if the eye dilates in light / constricts in dark? | back 21 nervous system problems |
front 22 patient vitals | back 22 medical device for obtaining more accurate readings, recording the patient’s pulse, blood pressure, and respiration rate |
front 23 intubate | back 23 place a ventilation tube (endotracheal tube) down the patient’s trachea, to deliver air to them |
front 24 skin turgor | back 24 the measure of the elasticity of the skin |
front 25 What about skin turgor indicates dehydration? | back 25 skin remains raised after being pulled up |
front 26 allergic reaction | back 26 when the immune system overreacts to a foreign substance, recognizing substances other than antigens or pathogens |
front 27 What are common triggers for allergies? | back 27 nuts, fruits, medss, latex, metal, fabric, dye, insects stings |
front 28 What are the mild symptoms of allergies? | back 28 itchy, watery eyes, runny nose |
front 29 anaphylaxis | back 29 severe systemic allergic reaction affecting multiple organ systems; face, tongue, throat, airways swell and hives with flushed skin, nausea, dizziness |
front 30 What do white blood cells do during allergic reactions? | back 30 use chemicals like histamines to attack allergen, causing blood vessels to widen, increased heart rate, gland secretion, and airway constriction |
front 31 hives (urticaria) | back 31 raised, itchy welts on skin with well-defined edges, vary in size, grouped together over a large area |
front 32 What causes hives? | back 32 inflammatory molecules from skin cells |
front 33 enteral drugs | back 33 medications that enter through the digestive tract (orally or rectally) |
front 34 parenteral drugs | back 34 medications that enter the body in a manner other than the digestive tract (inhaled, topical, injection, infusion) |
front 35 intravenous injection | back 35 delivered medicine into muscle tissue where it can be quickly absorbed by the bloodstream |
front 36 intramuscular injection | back 36 delivered medicine into muscle tissue where it can quickly be absorbed by the bloodstream |
front 37 subcutaneous injection | back 37 delivers medicine to tissue layer under skin and above muscle |
front 38 rank injection types from fastest to slowest | back 38 intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous |
front 39 How is it decided to administer epinephrine? | back 39 by weight |
front 40 intravenous (IV) therapy | back 40 the delivery of medication and / or fluids over a period of time through a vein |
front 41 catheter | back 41 tube placed into vein (back of hand. inside bend of elbow) via a needle, administers medications and fluids |
front 42 IV therapist | back 42 LPN or RN with additional IV therapy certification |
front 43 homeostasis | back 43 cells and blood have same relative concentration |
front 44 optimal saline | back 44 0.9% (isotonic) |
front 45 What happens if a hypertonic IV is administered? | back 45 cells shrivel |
front 46 What happens if a hypotonic IV is administered? | back 46 cells lyse |
front 47 flight paramedic | back 47 gets patient bleeding under control |
front 48 How are platelets an example of positive feedback? | back 48 send out signals to other platelets to join when stick in web of fibers around opening of wounded blood vessels |
front 49 When does the positive feedback cycle of platelets stop? | back 49 when the blood clots |
front 50 ABC for bleeding | back 50 alert, bleeding, compress |
front 51 What does life-threatening bleeding look like? | back 51 does not stop, spurts, pools on ground, soaks everything, victim is unconscious or confused, victim has lost parts of or all of limbs |
front 52 What does compression do to a wound? | back 52 helps broken blood vessels clot |
front 53 tourniquet | back 53 applies extra pressure to the vessels within an arm or leg to slow the flow of blood to that limb |
front 54 What happens if you leave a tourniquet on for more than 2 hours? | back 54 permanent tissue death |
front 55 What should be assessed first about a scene? | back 55 is it safe |
front 56 arterial bleeding | back 56 bleeding from an artery, high blood pressure makes more dangerous, spurts in large volumes |
front 57 venous bleeding | back 57 bleeding from a vein, ligate by tying off with a suturing thread |
front 58 When do you pack a wound with gauze and not a tourniquet? | back 58 when one is not available or the blood is from the neck, shoulder, or groin |
front 59 triage | back 59 the process of prioritizing patients based on who is most in need of immediate care |
front 60 triage nurse | back 60 experienced RN who makes urgency of patient care decisions |
front 61 emergent | back 61 highest priority; care needed immediately or will die |
front 62 urgent | back 62 care needed quickly; can be delayed temporarily |
front 63 semi-urgent | back 63 care needed; can wait for other higher priority |
front 64 non-urgent | back 64 lowest priority; minor conditions, not time-sensitive, care not needed immediately |