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Anatomy & Physiology Lab Exam 1

front 1

What are the advantages to using a wet mount preparation?

back 1

  • The specimen could be viewed moving
  • The specimen's behavior can be viewed as they interact with the environment
  • The specimen may be alive

front 2

Benedict Test for Sugar

back 2

  • A positive result occurs anytime the reagent changes from its original blue color. Relative concentration of simple sugar can be determined by color.
  • Blue represents the lack of simple sugars. The color then progresses through green, orange, and red as the amount of simple sugars increases.
  • The reaction requires heat to take place

front 3

Glucose

back 3

A small, six-carbon sugar molecule found in starch and glycogen. A common monosaccharide.

front 4

Monosaccharide

back 4

One individual molecule of sugar; the building blocks of carbohydrates.

front 5

Disaccharide

back 5

A carbohydrate made up of two sugar molecules linked together.

front 6

Maltose

back 6

A disaccharide consisting of two glucose molecules bound together.

front 7

Simple Sugar

back 7

Monosaccharides and disaccharides.

front 8

Oligosaccharide

back 8

A carbohydrate made up of more than two sugar molecules linked together.

front 9

Polysaccharide

back 9

A carbohydrate made up of hundreds to thousands of sugar molecules linked together.

front 10

Starch

back 10

A plant-based polysaccharide.

front 11

Glycogen

back 11

An animal-based polysaccharide.

front 12

Iodine is used to test for:

back 12

  • Starch
  • A positive test result for starch occurs when iodine turns color.
  • Medium blue is a small amount of starch, dark blue indicates a medium amount of starch, and blue-black indicates a large amount of starch.
  • A negative test result for starch occurs when iodine stays yellow.

front 13

Positive Control

back 13

Any procedure that is known to produce the desired result. A positive test result means what you are looking for is present.

front 14

Negative Control

back 14

Any procedure that is known to NOT produce the desired result. A negative test result means what you are looking for is NOT present.

front 15

Iodine

back 15

Is a yellowish-brown colored liquid that turns blue or black when it contacts starch.

front 16

Glucose and starch are both carbohydrates. Why does glucose produce a negative result when testing using iodine?

back 16

Iodine only tests for polysaccharides, and glucose is a monosaccaride

front 17

The Biuret test helps to detect?

back 17

  • Proteins
  • A positive result occurs anytime the reagent changes from its original blue color to a pink or purple color.
  • Any tube that is blue, no matter which shade of blue, does not contain protein.

front 18

Proteins

back 18

Polymers consisting of long chains of amino acids

front 19

Monomer

back 19

A substance that is the smallest unit of a category of substances. For example, an amino acid is a monomer of a protein.

front 20

Polymer

back 20

A substance made up of many units of a common chemical attached to each other.

front 21

Biuret Reagent

back 21

A light blue reagent that tests for protein

front 22

What is the most common type of lipid?

back 22

Triglycerides

front 23

Lipid

back 23

A macromolecule made up of dozens to hundreds of molecules of mostly carbon and hydrogen.

front 24

Cholesterol

back 24

A lipid with a structure containing over 20 carbon atoms configured into four rings

front 25

Phospholipid

back 25

A lipid made up of a three-carbon glycerol molecule with a phosphate group and two fatty acids

front 26

Triglyceride

back 26

A lipid made up of a three-carbon glycerol molecule with three fatty acid chains attached to it

front 27

Fatty Acids

back 27

Long chains of carbon with hydrogen attached, making them nonpolar molecules

front 28

Saturated Fatty Acid

back 28

A chain of carbon atoms using only single carbon-to-carbon bonds with hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms

front 29

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

back 29

A chain of carbon atoms that contain one (monounsaturated) or more (polyunsaturated) double bonds between carbons with hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms

front 30

How to interpret the paper test:

back 30

  • A positive result for a lipid will result in an evenly distributed oily stain remaining on paper after 15 minutes.
  • Water will completely evaporate, and nonlipid substances mixed with water will leave a circular stain.