front 1 accelerando, accel. | back 1 becoming quicker |
front 2 accent | back 2 a stressed note |
front 3 ad libitum, ad lib. | back 3 at the liberty of the performer |
front 4 adagio | back 4 slow |
front 5 alla, all' | back 5 in the manner of |
front 6 allegretto | back 6 fairly fast (a little slower than allegro) |
front 7 allegro | back 7 fast |
front 8 andante | back 8 moderately slow; at a walking pace |
front 9 andantino | back 9 a little faster than andante |
front 10 animato | back 10 lively, animated |
front 11 a tempo | back 11 return to the original tempo |
front 12 ben, bene | back 12 well (for example, ben marcato: well marked) |
front 13 cantabile | back 13 in a singing style |
front 14 col, coll', colla, colle | back 14 with (for example, coll'ottava: with an added octave) |
front 15 con | back 15 with |
front 16 con brio | back 16 with vigor, spirit |
front 17 con espressione | back 17 with expression |
front 18 con fuoco | back 18 with fire |
front 19 con grazia | back 19 with grace |
front 20 con moto | back 20 with motion |
front 21 crescendo, cresc. | back 21 becoming louder |
front 22 da capo, D.C. | back 22 from the beginning |
front 23 dal segno, D.S. | back 23 from the sign |
front 24 D.C. al Fine | back 24 repeat from the beginning and end at Fine |
front 25 decrescendo, decresc. | back 25 becoming softer |
front 26 diminuendo, dim. | back 26 becoming softer |
front 27 dolce | back 27 sweet, gentle |
front 28 e, ed | back 28 and |
front 29 espressivo, espress. | back 29 expressive, with expression |
front 30 fine | back 30 the end |
front 31 forte | back 31 loud |
front 32 fortepiano | back 32 loud, then suddenly soft |
front 33 grave | back 33 slow and solemn |
front 34 grazioso | back 34 graceful |
front 35 larghetto | back 35 fairly slow, but not as slow as largo |
front 36 largo | back 36 very slow |
front 37 legato | back 37 smooth |
front 38 leggiero | back 38 light, nimble, quick |
front 39 lento | back 39 slow |
front 40 loco | back 40 return to the normal register |
front 41 ma | back 41 but (for example, ma non troppo: but not too much) |
front 42 maestro | back 42 majestic |
front 43 mano destra, m.d. | back 43 right hand |
front 44 mano sinistra, m.s. | back 44 left hand |
front 45 marcato | back 45 marked or stressed |
front 46 meno | back 46 less |
front 47 meno mosso | back 47 less movement, slower |
front 48 mezzo forte | back 48 moderately loud |
front 49 mezzo piano | back 49 moderately soft |
front 50 moderato | back 50 at a moderate tempo |
front 51 molto | back 51 much, very |
front 52 non | back 52 not |
front 53 ottava, 8va | back 53 the interval of an octave |
front 54 pedale, ped. | back 54 pedal |
front 55 pianissimo | back 55 very soft |
front 56 piano | back 56 soft |
front 57 piu | back 57 more |
front 58 piu mosso | back 58 more movement (quicker) |
front 59 poco | back 59 little |
front 60 poco a poco | back 60 little by little |
front 61 prestissimo | back 61 as fast as possible |
front 62 presto | back 62 very fast |
front 63 primo, prima | back 63 first; the upper part of a duet |
front 64 quasi | back 64 almost, as if |
front 65 rallentando, rall. | back 65 slowing down |
front 66 ritardando, rit. | back 66 slowing down gradually |
front 67 rubato | back 67 with some freedom of tempo to enhance musical expression |
front 68 secondo, seconda | back 68 second; second or lower part of a duet |
front 69 sempre | back 69 always, continuously |
front 70 senza | back 70 without |
front 71 sforzando | back 71 sudden strong accent of a single note or chord |
front 72 simile | back 72 continue in the same manner as has just been indicated |
front 73 spiritoso | back 73 spirited |
front 74 staccato | back 74 detached |
front 75 subito | back 75 suddenly |
front 76 tempo | back 76 speed at which music is performed |
front 77 Tempo primo (Tempo I) | back 77 return to the original |
front 78 tranquillo | back 78 quiet, tranquil |
front 79 tre corde | back 79 three strings; release the left pedal (on the piano) |
front 80 troppo | back 80 too much |
front 81 una corda | back 81 one string; depress the left pedal (on the piano) |
front 82 vivace | back 82 lively, brisk |