front 1 After resection of a right cerebellar hemisphere metastasis, the patient develops dysmetria and intention tremor during finger-to-nose testing. Which limb would be most affected? A. Left upper extremity | back 1 B. Right upper extremity remember that cerebellum controls activity on same side of the body |
front 2 A patient has severe gait instability, cannot maintain upright sitting without swaying, and has abnormal eye movements with vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. The lesion is most likely in the: A. Dentate nucleus | back 2 C. Flocculonodular lobe |
front 3 A small cerebellar lesion produces limb incoordination with relatively spared truncal stability. Which region is the best match? A. Lateral vermis | back 3 A. Lateral vermis remember that limb incordination with spared truncal ability is the definition for appendicular ataxia |
front 4 The flocculonodular lobe has its most direct functional relationship with the: A. Red nuclei | back 4 C. Vestibular nuclei |
front 5 Most cerebellar efferent output leaves through the: A. Superior peduncle | back 5 A. Superior peduncle |
front 6 Cerebellar afferent information enters predominantly through which peduncles? A. Superior and middle | back 6 D. Middle and inferior |
front 7 Fibers traveling in the superior cerebellar peduncle decussate at the: A. Superior colliculus level | back 7 B. Inferior colliculus level |
front 8 Selective injury to the cerebellar vermis would most impair: A. Distal finger individuation | back 8 C. Trunk and vestibulo-ocular control |
front 9 From lateral to medial, the deep cerebellar nuclei are arranged as: A. Dentate, emboliform, globose, fastigial | back 9 C. Dentate, globose, emboliform, fastigial |
front 10 Which deep cerebellar nucleus is the largest? A. Fastigial | back 10 D. Dentate |
front 11 In an experiment measuring cerebellar activity just before a planned movement begins, which nucleus would be expected to show the greatest activation? A. Fastigial nucleus | back 11 C. Dentate nucleus |
front 12 Which nuclei are most associated with activity during or in relation to an ongoing movement? A. Dentate nucleus | back 12 B. Interposed nuclei |
front 13 A mossy fiber excites a neuron whose axon ascends, bifurcates into parallel fibers, and then synapses on Purkinje cells. That neuron is a: A. Golgi cell | back 13 D. Granule cell |
front 14 All output from the cerebellar cortex reaches the cerebellar white matter through axons of: A. Purkinje cells | back 14 A. Purkinje cells |
front 15 Purkinje cell projections to deep cerebellar nuclei and vestibular nuclei are primarily: A. Glutamatergic excitatory | back 15 C. GABAergic inhibitory Purkinje cells are inhibitory, so GABA |
front 16 Climbing fibers arise from neurons in the: A. Ipsilateral red nucleus | back 16 B. Contralateral inferior olive |
front 17 Climbing fibers arise from neurons in the contralateral inferior olive, specifically located in the ______ ______. These axons pass through the inferior cerebellar peduncle to synapse on ______ cells. | back 17 medulla oblongata Purkinje |
front 18 The immediate synaptic effect of a climbing fiber on a Purkinje cell is: A. Strong inhibition | back 18 D. Strong excitation |
front 19 Granule cells excite Golgi cells. The net circuit consequence of this arrangement is: A. Negative feedback | back 19 A. Negative feedback |
front 20 The cerebellar glomerulus is located in the: A. Molecular layer | back 20 B. Granule cell layer |
front 21 Which sequence best explains how a mossy fiber can indirectly increase inhibition from cerebellar cortex onto deep nuclei? A. Mossy → Purkinje → granule | back 21 C. Mossy → granule → Purkinje |
front 22 A neurophysiology experiment records the major excitatory fibers that ascend into and within the cerebellar cortex. Which set is correct? A. Mossy, Purkinje, basket | back 22 C. Mossy, climbing, parallel |
front 23 Which group consists entirely of inhibitory neurons projecting downward within or from the cerebellar cortex? A. Purkinje, stellate, basket, Golgi | back 23 A. Purkinje, stellate, basket, Golgi |
front 24 A lesion interrupts the main efferent pathway leaving the dentate nucleus before it reaches the thalamus. Which structure was most likely damaged first? A. Middle cerebellar peduncle | back 24 D. Superior cerebellar peduncle |
front 25 Fibers from the dentate nucleus decussate at which level? A. Caudal medulla | back 25 B. Inferior colliculus |
front 26 After decussating, dentatothalamic fibers project primarily to which thalamic nucleus? A. Contralateral posterior VLN | back 26 A. Contralateral posterior VLN |
front 27 Cerebellar output to the thalamus terminates mainly in the: A. Anterior VAN | back 27 D. Posterior VLN |
front 28 Which red nucleus division is more closely tied to cerebellar circuitry rather than the rubrospinal tract? A. Ipsilateral magnocellular | back 28 C. Parvocellular |
front 29 The rubrospinal tract arises from which division of the red nucleus? A. Parvocellular | back 29 B. Magnocellular |
front 30 Most cerebellar afferent input is carried by: A. Climbing fibers | back 30 D. Mossy fibers |
front 31 Pontocerebellar fibers from one side of the pons enter which peduncle on the opposite side? A. Middle cerebellar peduncle | back 31 A. Middle cerebellar peduncle |
front 32 Pontine afferents ultimately contribute to which fiber type in the cerebellar cortex? A. Climbing fibers | back 32 B. Mossy fibers |
front 33 Unconscious proprioceptive information from the lower extremity reaches the cerebellum mainly through the: A. Ventral spinocerebellar tract | back 33 C. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract |
front 34 Unconscious proprioceptive input from the upper extremity and neck reaches the cerebellum mainly via the: A. Cuneocerebellar tract | back 34 A. Cuneocerebellar tract |
front 35 Information about spinal interneuron activity from the lower extremity is conveyed by the: A. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract | back 35 D. Ventral spinocerebellar tract |
front 36 Information about spinal interneuron activity from the upper extremity reaches the cerebellum through the: A. Ventral spinocerebellar tract | back 36 B. Rostral spinocerebellar tract |
front 37 Neurons in Clarke’s nucleus send axons into which tract? A. Ventral spinocerebellar | back 37 C. Dorsal spinocerebellar |
front 38 A patient develops lateral medullary syndrome after vertebral artery disease. Which artery most classically supplies the injured territory? A. PICA | back 38 A. PICA |
front 39 A stroke involves the inferolateral pons and the middle cerebellar peduncle. Which artery is most likely occluded? A. PICA | back 39 B. AICA |
front 40 A cerebellar infarct causes marked ipsilateral limb ataxia with little or no obvious brainstem involvement. Which artery is the best match? A. AICA | back 40 C. SCA |
front 41 A patient with an acute cerebellopontine region infarct has vertigo, facial weakness, and new unilateral hearing loss. Which artery is most likely involved? A. PICA | back 41 D. AICA |
front 42 A midline cerebellar lesion causes a wide-based, “drunk-like” gait without prominent limb dysmetria. Which structure is most likely affected? A. Dentate nucleus | back 42 B. Cerebellar vermis |
front 43 A patient has dysmetria on finger-to-nose testing but relatively preserved truncal stability. The lesion is most likely in the: A. Flocculonodular lobe | back 43 C. Intermediate/lateral hemisphere |
front 44 A patient with truncal ataxia repeatedly topples to the right while sitting unsupported. This most strongly suggests: A. Left vestibular lesion | back 44 D. Right cerebellar lesion |
front 45 Angiography shows occlusion of the artery that most commonly gives rise to the PICA. Which vessel is it? A. Vertebral artery | back 45 A. Vertebral artery |
front 46 The SCA usually arises from the: A. Distal vertebral artery | back 46 D. Top of the basilar |
front 47 The AICA most commonly arises from the: A. Vertebral artery | back 47 B. Lower basilar artery |
front 48 what supplies the lateral medulla, most of the inferior half of the cerebellum, and the inferior vermis | back 48 PICA |
front 49 What supplies the inferior lateral pons, the middle cerebellar peduncle, and a strip of ventral (anterior) cerebellum between the territories of the PICA and SCA, including the flocculus | back 49 AICA |
front 50 the upper lateral pons, the superior cerebellar peduncle, most of the superior half of the cerebellar hemisphere, including the deep cerebellar nuclei, and the superior vermis | back 50 SCA |