front 1 Tension | back 1 A feeling of stress, disagreement, or conflict between people or countries that could lead to violence or war. |
front 2 Neutral | back 2 Not taking sides in a conflict or war. |
front 3 Atrocities | back 3 Extremely cruel or violent acts, especially against civilians or innocent people. |
front 4 Hostility | back 4 Angry or aggressive behavior toward another group or country. |
front 5 Stalemate | back 5 A situation where neither side in a conflict can win or make progress. |
front 6 Reconciliation | back 6 The process of restoring friendly relationships after conflict or disagreement. |
front 7 Opposition | back 7 Resistance or disagreement against an idea, group, or action. |
front 8 WWI (World War I) | back 8 A global war fought from 1914 to 1918 between the Allied Powers (Britain, France, Russia, and later the U.S.) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria). |
front 9 Militarism | back 9 The belief that a country should build a strong military and be prepared to use it aggressively. |
front 10 Alliance | back 10 An agreement between countries to support and defend each other. |
front 11 Nationalism | back 11 Strong pride and loyalty toward one’s nation, often leading to competition or conflict with other nations. |
front 12 Imperialism | back 12 When a country expands its power by taking control of other lands and peoples. |
front 13 Assassination | back 13 The murder of an important political leader. |
front 14 Ottoman Empire: 'Sick Man of Europe' | back 14 A nickname given to the Ottoman Empire because it was weakening and losing power during the late 1800s and early 1900s. |
front 15 Balkan 'Powder Keg' | back 15 A term describing the Balkans region because it had many ethnic conflicts and political tensions that could easily explode into war. |
front 16 Total War | back 16 A type of warfare where a country uses all its resources (economy, industry, and civilians) to support the war effort. |
front 17 Armenian Massacre | back 17 The killing of approximately 1.5 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire during WWI; often called the Armenian Genocide. |
front 18 Propaganda | back 18 Information or media used to influence people’s opinions, often encouraging support for war or a political cause. |
front 19 Reparations | back 19 Payments made by a defeated country to compensate for damages caused during war. |
front 20 Trench Warfare | back 20 A type of fighting where soldiers battle from deep ditches called trenches, leading to slow movement and heavy casualties. |
front 21 Wilson’s 14 Point Plan | back 21 U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s proposal for peace after WWI, promoting fairness, self-determination, and the creation of the League of Nations. |
front 22 Treaty of Versailles | back 22 The peace treaty that officially ended WWI in 1919 and placed heavy blame, military limits, and reparations on Germany. |
front 23 League of Nations | back 23 An international organization created after WWI to promote peace and prevent future wars (the U.S. never joined). |
front 24 Self-determination | back 24 The idea that people with shared culture and identity should have the right to form their own nation. |
front 25 Mandate System | back 25 A system where territories taken from defeated empires were controlled by Allied countries until they were ready to govern themselves. |
front 26 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria | back 26 The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne whose assassination in 1914 helped spark World War I. |
front 27 Woodrow Wilson | back 27 The U.S. president during WWI who proposed the 14 Points and supported the creation of the League of Nations. |