front 1 AMMONIA LEVELS IF ELEVATED IN LIVER FAILURE ,CIRRHOSIS,HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY | back 1 10-80 UG/DL |
front 2 INDIRECT BILLIRUBIN | back 2 0.2-0.8 MG/DL |
front 3 DIRECT BILLIRUBIN | back 3 0.03 MG/DL |
front 4 TOTAL BILIRUBIN | back 4 0.2-1.2 MG/DL |
front 5 ALP | back 5 40-120 |
front 6 LIVER ENZYMES ALT | back 6 15-40 UL |
front 7 WHAT TEST FOCUS ON LIVER | back 7 BILLARY TEST |
front 8 LIVER ENZYMES AST | back 8 10-40 UL |
front 9 PHOSPHOROUS | back 9 2.5-4.5 |
front 10 CL- | back 10 98-106 |
front 11 MG2+ | back 11 1.5-2.5 |
front 12 CA2+ | back 12 8.2-10.2 |
front 13 ELECTROLYTES K+ | back 13 3.5-5.O |
front 14 ELECTROLYTES NA + | back 14 135-145 |
front 15 Prothrombin time (pt) | back 15 10-13 seconds elevated on billiary obstruction, cirrhosis AND VITAMIN K DEFICIENCY AND FOR THOS ON WARAFIN 9 ANTICOAG THERAPY |
front 16 platelets testing for bruising | back 16 150,000 -400,000 |
front 17 hematocrit bleeding in body female | back 17 37-47 percent |
front 18 Hematocrit any bleeding body for men | back 18 42-52 percent |
front 19 Hemoglobin female | back 19 12-16 |
front 20 Hemoglobin Male | back 20 42-52 percent |
front 21 rbc female | back 21 4.2 to 5.4 |
front 22 rbc male | back 22 4,7-6.1 |
front 23 wbc | back 23 5,00-10,000 |
front 24 when fatty meals get released to duodenum when bad can develope jaundice | back 24 which you end up being in pain from greasy pizza |
front 25 when a resident has a decreased appetite and everything is rule out | back 25 think of depression |
front 26 synthesis of plasma proteins | back 26 The liver synthesizes albumin,clotting factors, and globulin.Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein; it maintains osmotic balance. |
front 27 when you have to much diarhea what happens to body | back 27 dehydration and electrolytes and potassium levels get low |
front 28 nsaids , aleeve and asprin does what | back 28 Gives uclers |
front 29 black stool | back 29 upper gi bleed or different medication can make it greenish black |
front 30 peptobismol does what | back 30 turns stool black |
front 31 bright red bleeding in bm | back 31 lower gi bleed or hemroids |
front 32 opiod and iron does what | back 32 constipate |
front 33 diverticulosis | back 33 as you age most of the time in large colon develope little pockets |
front 34 the liver stores what | back 34 adek and fat soluble |
front 35 phagpcytosis by kuffer cells | back 35 fixed macropages of the liver phagocytize worned formed elements and pathogens |
front 36 ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) | back 36 Endoscope through stomach if their are stones it will crush them ! |
front 37 colonoscopy | back 37 scope light, Gi doctor will go through the rectum Must be bowel prep Miralax and gatorade no blue,red or purple dies,invasive procedure must have consent iron and coagulants physician may stop you must have a driver and you are put to sleep clear liquid diet must monitor rectal bleeding and you want patient to pass gas |
front 38 why they do Edg | back 38 to check for cancer,ulcers, gerd |
front 39 globulin functions | back 39 include becoming part of lipoproteins,acting as carriers and acting as antibodies |
front 40 edg | back 40 massive procedure upper scope/fast, need conscious consent anything invasive you need consent must have a driver 12 to 24 hours no food or drink |
front 41 what happens when ast is in the liver, pancreas what disease could happen | back 41 acute hapatitis especially viral hepatocellular disease, shock, and acute pancreatitis. moderately in billary tract obstruction,cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis, and liver tumors |
front 42 aspartate aminotransferase -AST | back 42 enzyme found in large amounts in the liver and myocardial tissue, and smaller amounts in the pancreas muscles, kidneys, red blood cells, and brain it is release into bloodstream with tissue damage levels reflect with degree of damage |
front 43 blood in stool | back 43 may indicate hemorrhoids, signs of cancer, or inflamatory diseases suchas ulcerative colitis |
front 44 nausea,vomiting,bloating, excess gas | back 44 can be associated with gi disorders |
front 45 fatty stools | back 45 pancreatic disease |
front 46 clay colored stool | back 46 liver or gallbladder disease |
front 47 clotting factors | back 47 produced by the live include prothrombin and fibrinogen which circulate the blood untill need for coagulation. |
front 48 black colored stools | back 48 bleeding |
front 49 hepatobillary scan | back 49 liver and gallbladder Npo must stay still |
front 50 barium enema radiographic test | back 50 Goes up the rectum to high descending colon must have laxatives the day before to be cleaned out npo after testing force fluids encouraged fluids |
front 51 Radiographic tests barium swallow | back 51 you drink barium drink must be npo after procedure as long as they are not on fluid restriction force fluid clients may have white stools after and may need to order laxatives |
front 52 lipid metabolism | back 52 the liver forms lipoproteins for transport of lipids of the blood to the other tissues.Liver also synthesize cholesterol and excretes excess cholesterol into bile to be excreted |
front 53 essential amino acids are acquired by | back 53 diet |
front 54 Amino acid Metabolism | back 54 The liver regulates the blood levels of amino acids based on tissue needs for protein synthesis of 20 amino acids needed to produce human protein the liver is able to sythesize 12. |
front 55 carbohydrate metabolism | back 55 The liver regulates the blood glucose level by storing excess glucose as glycogen and performing glycogenolysis when blood glucose level is low. |
front 56 If a person has messed up teeth | back 56 be aware of aspiration |
front 57 aging and gastrointestinal system | back 57 decreased hcl, decreased mucous secretions,decreased elasticity to the rectal wall, weakness of intestinal wall |
front 58 ALCOHOL AND GALLBLADDER ISSUES | back 58 Are specific for Gallbladder issues |
front 59 aging and gastrointestinal system | back 59 weaker gag reflex / hcl backup,tooth loss, saliva production decreased esophagus motility is less empty slower |
front 60 AMYLASE and Lipase | back 60 WHEN HIGH CAN MAYBE HAVE PANCRIATITIS |
front 61 BROKEN DOWN RED BLOODCELLS | back 61 TURNS INTO BILLIRUBIN |
front 62 NEPHROLYSTATIS | back 62 KIDNEYSTONES |
front 63 CHOLESTIAS | back 63 GALLSTONES |
front 64 WHAT VITAMINS METABOLIZE MEDICATION | back 64 ADEK |
front 65 IF YOUR BILLIRUBIN IS HIGH | back 65 HIGH IS FOR JAUNDICE |
front 66 THE LIVER ACTIVATES WHAT | back 66 VITAMIN D |
front 67 WHERE IS BILLI RUBIN MADE | back 67 LIVER AND SPLEEN |
front 68 BILE IS STORE IN THE GALLBLADER AND MADE WHERE | back 68 THE LIVER |
front 69 THE REASON WHY HYDROCLORIC ACID DONT EAT AT THE STOMACH | back 69 THE MUCOUS LINES IT |
front 70 WHATS THE CLOTTING MECHANISM FOR THE STOMACH | back 70 BLOODVESSELS CONSTRICT PLATELETS GATHER TO FORM A PLUG AND COAGULANTS CASCADE CREATES A STABLE FIBRIN MESH |
front 71 WHAT DOES TRYPSIN DO WHEN RELEASED FROM PANCREAS | back 71 CONVERTS POLYPEPTIDES TO PEPTIDES |
front 72 WHAT DOES LIPASE DO WHEN RELEASED FROM FROM PANCREAS | back 72 CONVERTS EMULSIFIED FATS TO FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL |
front 73 WHAT DOES AMYLASE FROM PANCREAS WHEN RELEASED FROM PANCREAS | back 73 CONVERTS STARCH TO MALTOSE |
front 74 bile salts in liver | back 74 emulsify fats |
front 75 where is the liver and gallbladder, what side of the body. | back 75 Located on the right side of the body. |
front 76 how many click sounds for a normal bm | back 76 5 to 30 |
front 77 how many click sounds for a hyperactive bm | back 77 30 plus |
front 78 how many clicks for a hypoactive bm sound | back 78 fewer then 5 sounds per minute |
front 79 how long should you ausultate | back 79 5 mins in total |
front 80 carbohydrates are mostly digested where | back 80 the stomach |
front 81 what happens when pyloric sphincter contracts | back 81 the stomach churns and relaxes at intervals so small amounts of chyme can go into the duodenum |
front 82 what is the lumen surrounded by | back 82 The lower esophageal sphincter which relaxes to allow food bolus to enter stomach and contracts to prevent backflow of stomach contents |
front 83 what happens if to much bile comes out | back 83 You can become Jaundice |
front 84 where does most digestion occur | back 84 duodenum |
front 85 what does the liver produce | back 85 It produces bile to break down fats |
front 86 the end products of digestions goes where | back 86 absorbed back into the blood and lymph |
front 87 The pylorus sphincter | back 87 guards entry to duodenum which is part of the small intestine |
front 88 hepatopancreatic ampulla vater | back 88 is the entrance of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct |
front 89 The presence of food stimulates what | back 89 The parasympathetic sympathetic response which releases gastrin by gastrin mucosa which increases gastric juice |
front 90 what does the pyloric sphincter do | back 90 no data |