front 1 cornea | back 1 refraction of light |
front 2 choroid | back 2 blood supply |
front 3 ciliary body | back 3 secretion of vitreous fluid; helps change the lens shape |
front 4 eyelid | back 4 protection |
front 5 iris | back 5 controls light entering the eye through the pupil |
front 6 lacrimal glands | back 6 tear secretion |
front 7 lens | back 7 light refraction |
front 8 optic nerve | back 8 transmits visual info to the brain |
front 9 retina | back 9 transforms optic signals into nerve impulses |
front 10 rods | back 10 distinguish light from dark; perceive shape and movement |
front 11 cones | back 11 color vision |
front 12 sclera | back 12 external protection |
front 13 Daltonism | back 13 difficulty distinguishing two colors, typically red and green cones are affected. It is also an inherited disorder. |
front 14 Achromatic vision | back 14 total color blindness, inability to see color at all. |
front 15 Snellen chart | back 15 tests the clearness or sharpness of vision. |
front 16 ophthalmometer | back 16 instrument used to measure eye. |
front 17 Myopia | back 17 near-sightedness, parallel rays entering the eye are focused in front of the retina. |
front 18 Hyperopia | back 18 farsightedness, or the inability of the eyes to focus on nearby objects; rays of light entering the eye are brought to focus behind the retina. |
front 19 Astigmatism | back 19 uneven focusing of an image |
front 20 Visual acuity | back 20 distinguish letters and numbers at a given distance. |
front 21 Tonometry | back 21 measurement of intraocular pressure. |
front 22 Presbyopia | back 22 hyperopia and impairment of vision caused by age. |
front 23 amblyopia, strabismus | back 23 Reduced vision in one eye, not correctable by glasses but by wearing eye patch. |
front 24 blepharitis | back 24 Inflammation of the eyelid |
front 25 cataract | back 25 An abnormal progressive condition of the lens, characterized by loss of transparency |
front 26 achromatopsia | back 26 Profound inability to see color |
front 27 conjunctivitis | back 27 Inflammation of the conjunctiva; also called red eyes or pink eye. |
front 28 glaucoma | back 28 An abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye. Prolonged pressure can damage the retina and optic nerve. |
front 29 hordeolum | back 29 Sty, or stye, resulting from an infected sebaceous gland of an eyelash |
front 30 macular degeneration | back 30 A progressive deterioration of the retina associated with new vessel formation that can progress to blindness |
front 31 nyctalopia | back 31 Poor vision at night or in dim light. |
front 32 photophobia | back 32 Excessive sensitivity of the eyes to light. |
front 33 Macular Degeneration | back 33 the blind spot in the center shows the loss of central vision. |
front 34 ptosis | back 34 Drooping of the upper eyelids; blepharoptosis. |
front 35 retinal detachment | back 35 Separation of the retina from the choroid, usually resulting from a hole or tear in the retina |
front 36 retinopathy | back 36 Any disease of the retina. Diabetic retinopathy is an abnormality of the retina caused by diabetes mellitus |
front 37 ,iridectomy | back 37 surgical removal of part of the iris |