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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

66 notecards = 17 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

ENVISCI ex1

front 1

Soil

back 1

composed of minerals, gases, water, organic substance, microorganisms

front 2

Soils

back 2

complex natural systems of material and interacting components

front 3

O horizon

back 3

organic material in varying decay states

front 4

A horizon

back 4

topsoil, enriched with organic matter, dark brown ish

front 5

E horizon

back 5

Not always there, intense leaching

front 6

B horizon

back 6

sub soil, decomposition/weathering, rusty brown, clay iron and/or OM

front 7

C horizon

back 7

unweathered parent material

front 8

Soil porosity

back 8

proper drainage & retention

front 9

Soil structure

back 9

arrangement of solid particles and pore space

front 10

Water holding capacity

back 10

ability to store water

front 11

Aeration

back 11

ability to exchange o2 levels

front 12

Colloids

back 12

electrostatic charge to attract/absorb nutrient ions --> buffering capacity

front 13

carbon cycle implication

back 13

store carbon in diff amt depending on veg and climate

front 14

Physical weathering ex

back 14

freeze/thaw, abrasion, heat/cool

very cold/very hot climate

front 15

chemical weathering ex

back 15

dissolution, oxidation/reduction

wet and hot climate

front 16

biological weathering example

back 16

plant secreting acids, root expansion

front 17

igneous

back 17

cooling of molten material, basalt at top, granite at bottom

front 18

sedimentary

back 18

accumulation of sediments by chemically or compression

front 19

metamorphic

back 19

igenous/sedimentary rock altered by heat, pressure, or chem activity

front 20

glacial deposits

back 20

basal till, glacio-fluvial outwash, glacio-lacustrine

front 21

Basal till

back 21

beneath advancing glacier, dense, poorly sorted, restricted drainage

front 22

glacio-fluvial outwash

back 22

moving melt water, loose, coarse, well sorted, excellent permeability

front 23

glacio-lacustrine

back 23

fine layers of alternating silt and clay

front 24

higher temps vs colder temps

back 24

higher temps have faster chem reactions

front 25

excess rainfall

back 25

low cations so more acidic

front 26

little rainfall

back 26

leached cations so alkaline

front 27

translocation

back 27

material being moved within soil

front 28

transformation

back 28

material being altered

front 29

R layer

back 29

bedrock

front 30

Mollic Epipedon

back 30

dark with organic matter, rich in Ca and Mg

front 31

Umbric Epipedon

back 31

same as mollic but with less Ca and Mg

front 32

Ochric Epipedon

back 32

pale, little OM

front 33

Histic Epipedon

back 33

OM over mineral soil

front 34

Argillic horizon

back 34

accumulate silicate clays, illuvated

front 35

albic horizon

back 35

light colored eluviated horizon w low clay and fe/al oxides

front 36

spodic horizon

back 36

illuviated with collodial OM and Al oxides

front 37

cambic horizon

back 37

non sandy horizon w some weathering

front 38

gelisols

back 38

got permafrost

front 39

aridisols

back 39

too dry for mesophytic plants

front 40

aridisols

back 40

pale, low OM, little moisture

front 41

alfisols

back 41

weathered, leaches clay

front 42

ultisols

back 42

humid regions, intense weathering

front 43

spodosols

back 43

coarse texture, weathering leaches OM

front 44

tundra

back 44

cold temp, limited water, short grow season

gelisols

front 45

temperate deciduous forests

back 45

plants, water exceeds evapotranspiration of plants, OM bc shedding leaves

alfisols and inceptisols

front 46

coniferous forests

back 46

cold temp, high elevation, short grow season

spodosols

front 47

temperate grassland

back 47

grass dominated, mollisols, fertile, neutral to alkaline pH

front 48

temperate deserts

back 48

dry, aridisols, pale

front 49

tropical rainforests

back 49

hot, humid, oxisols, high NPP

front 50

Which is hue, value, chroma

10YR 5/6

back 50

YR: hue

5: value

6: chroma

front 51

infiltration

back 51

water entering soil

front 52

percolation

back 52

water moving thru soil

front 53

water hold capacity

back 53

ability to store water

front 54

bulk density

back 54

dry wt/vol

front 55

porosity

back 55

100 - [BD/Pd * 100]

front 56

aeration drainage issues occur when...

back 56

porosity <40%

front 57

smaller pores

back 57

more suctional force

front 58

gravitational water

back 58

drains out of large pores via gravity

front 59

Capillary Water

back 59

held in the medium and fine pores against the force of gravity, cohesion

front 60

soil moisture %

aka GMC

back 60

[wet-dry]/dry * 100

front 61

volumetric moisture

aka VMC

back 61

GMC - [BD/density water]

front 62

PAW

back 62

Moisture content of field - moisture content at wilting

front 63

endoaquatic

back 63

watertable at or near surface

front 64

epiaquatic

back 64

accumulated above impermiable layer

front 65

spontaneous flow goes from...

back 65

high potential to low potential

front 66

potential energy state of water equation

back 66

SUM of the gravitational potential, the matric potential (if unsaturated) or the hydrostatic potential (if submerged), and the osmotic potential