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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

15 notecards = 4 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Early Humans

front 1

Hominids

back 1

genetic forerunners of modern humans, likely split off from chimpanzees

front 2

Bipedalism

back 2

walking on two feet

front 3

Australopiths

back 3

hominin species that existed prior to the emergence of the genus homo from 4.2 mya to 1.9 mya

front 4

Australopithecus Afrarensis (southern ape from Afar)

back 4

  • species before genus homo
  • developed bipedal movement
  • likely split off from chimpanzees
  • "Lucy" is one of the most complete skeletons ever found of an early human.

front 5

Homo Hablis (Handy man)

back 5

  • first species of the genus homo
  • emerged around 2.3 mya
  • managed to create simple tools out of stones
  • used speech to coordinate with each other
  • diet was mostly meat
  • tools made them upgrade from scavengers

front 6

Oldowan toolmaking

back 6

stone tools made by splitting stones in two in order to create sharper points and edges on both fragments, used for cutting meat and bone.

front 7

Homo Ergaster

back 7

  • a forerunner to homo rectus from southern Africa
  • emerged around 1.7 mya
  • was the first to develop speech
    • used to create forager societies
    • better social connections

front 8

Homo Erectus

back 8

  • first species of homo to go beyond Africa, into Eurasia
  • emerged around 2 mya
  • likely had been the first species to use fire

front 9

Acheulian toolmaking

back 9

stone tools made by flaking a hard piece of rock on both sides, creating a triangular-shaped point for cutting

front 10

Homo Heidelbergensis

back 10

  • considered the "middleman" species between Homo erectus and homo sapiens
  • emerged around 1 mya
  • found predominately in Eurasia and also Africa
  • entering the ice age, geographic isolation and increasingly diverse and hostile climates forces adaptations
  • new species of Homo evolved out of heidelbergensis due to isolation during the last ice age

front 11

Homo neanderthalensis, or Neanderthals.

back 11

  • emerged around 300,000 years ago during the height of the last ice age.
  • stockier build due to colder climate
  • the closet relative of Homo sapiens
  • considered the most advanced outside of Homo Sapiens
  • speculated that neanderthals and homo sapiens interbred nearing the end of the last ice age 30,000 years ago

front 12

Homo Sapiens (us)

back 12

  • modern humans
  • emerged from Africa around 300,000 years ago and spread to almost every landmass on earth
  • the last surviving species of the genus homo
  • diversified to adapt to different climates

front 13

Levallois toolmaking

back 13

stone tools made by sharpening rocks into a cylinder or a cone

used to make spearpoints and axe heads by homo sapiens

front 14

Homo Floresieness

back 14

  • off-shoot species from homo erectus isolated on the Indonesian island of flores
  • stood no higher than four feet tall due to insular dwarfism
  • went extinct around 50,000 years ago due to competition with homo sapiens

front 15

Denisovans

back 15

discovered recently in the Denisova cave in Siberia, Malong the Atai Mountain of Russia, Kaze khan, China, and Mongolia