What is the key issue highlighted by the 30-million-word gap? a) The correlation between vocabulary size and social class b) The impact of television on children's language skills c) The importance of reading to young children d) The necessity of language exposure in the early years

A

Damage to which area of the brain is primarily associated with difficulty in producing speech? a) Broca’s area b) Wernicke’s area c) The hippocampus d) The amygdala

A

Which brain area is primarily involved in language comprehension? a) Broca’s area b) Wernicke’s area c) The angular gyrus d) The cerebellum

B

Which hemisphere of the brain has been shown to be involved in processing emotional content in language? a) Left hemisphere b) Right hemisphere c) Both hemispheres equally d) The cerebellum

B

Which of the following is a cognitive benefit of being bilingual? a) Increased vocabulary in one language b) Delayed cognitive decline in older age c) Improved pronunciation skills d) Greater ease in learning new languages

B

What evidence supports the idea that some non-human species can learn elements of human language? a) Dogs following commands b) Parrots mimicking sounds c) Apes using sign language d) All of the above

D

Individuals who are visually impaired often use which part of the brain to process language? a) The occipital lobe b) The visual cortex c) The temporal lobe d) The prefrontal cortex

B

Which theory argues that language shapes the way we think about the world? a) Behaviorism b) Cognitive development theory c) Linguistic relativity d) Connectionism

C

In studying how people categorize objects, which of the following is a common method employed? a) Content analysis b) Structured interviews c) Semantic networks d) Quantitative assessments

C

What is a common mistake people make when categorizing new information? a) Overgeneralizing b) Hierarchical structuring c) Semantic differentiation d) Logical reasoning

A

Which cognitive bias refers to the tendency to favor information that confirms existing beliefs? a) Hindsight bias b) Confirmation bias c) Self-serving bias d) Availability heuristic

B

In rational decision-making, what is typically emphasized? a) Emotions b) Logic and evidence c) Intuition d) Heuristics

B

Which of the following is an example of an irrational decision-making error? a) Base rate neglect b) Deductive reasoning c) Elimination by aspects d) Mean-ends analysis

A

Which cognitive function is associated with the use of heuristics in decision-making? a) Critical thinking b) Analytical reasoning c) Quick judgment formation d) Scientific reasoning

C

The emotional response to risk is often influenced by which factor during decision-making? a) Rational analysis b) Past experiences c) Cognitive load d) Availability of information

B

What process involves breaking down a problem into smaller, manageable parts? a) Brainstorming b) Means–ends analysis c) Functional fixedness d) Divergent thinking

B

The process of iteratively refining the solution to a problem through trial and error is known as: a) Insight problem-solving b) Incremental problem-solving c) Heuristic problem-solving d) Algorithmic problem solving

B

Which type of problem-solving involves drawing parallels from previous experiences to resolve a new situation? a) Divergent thinking b) Analogical problem solving c) Means–ends analysis d) Insight problem-solving

B

A sudden realization of a solution to a problem is often referred to as: a) Insight b) Incremental learning c) Intuitive thinking d) Problem-focused thinking

A

Statements that are logically valid but yield a false conclusion are indicative of which type of bias? a) Belief bias b) Confirmation bias c) Cognitive dissonance d) Availability heuristic

A

What phenomenon occurs when repeated exposure to false information leads to an increased belief in that information? a) The illusion of truth b) Hindsight bias c) Confirmation bias d) False memory

A

The belief that one's understanding of a topic is deeper than it actually is is known as: a) The illusion of explanatory depth b) Anchoring bias c) Projection bias d) Illusory correlation

A

One way to combat misinformation on social media is through: a) Ignoring posts b) Sharing subjective opinions c) Providing factual counterarguments d) Agreeing with popular posts

C

Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of language? a) Productivity b) Displacement c) Syntax d) Emotion

D

According to Piaget, the ability for children to use symbols and language develops during which stage? a) Sensorimotor stage b) Preoperational stage c) Concrete operational stage d) Formal operational stage

B

The tendency to evaluate the probability of events based on how easily examples come to mind is known as: a) Availability heuristic b) Anchoring bias c) Representativeness heuristic d) Hindsight bias

A

In which cognitive process do individuals use existing knowledge to create new information and solutions? a) Convergent thinking b) Divergent thinking c) Critical thinking d) Synthesizing

B

Which brain structure is primarily involved in storing and retrieving autobiographical memories when using language? a) Thalamus b) Hippocampus c) Amygdala d) Corpus callosum

B

Which of the following best describes functional fixedness during problem-solving? a) Difficulty reinterpreting a problem b) Relying excessively on heuristics c) Clinging to options despite better alternatives d) Analyzing too much information

A

What do researchers consider the primary advantage of bilingualism for cognitive flexibility? a) Faster language processing b) Increased neural efficiency c) More frequent code-switching d) Enhanced critical thinking abilities

D

According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, language influences: a) Thinking patterns b) Emotional responses c) Genetic predispositions d) Sensory perceptions

A

In cognitive psychology, categorization typically involves which process? a) Clustering related items b) Creating exclusive categories c) Narrowing down choices d) Ignoring outliers

A

The concept of "framing" refers to: a) How choices are presented b) The process of categorizing information c) The belief in one's intuition d) The use of metaphors

A

Which type of reasoning involves starting with general principles and deducing specific conclusions? a) Inductive reasoning b) Deductive reasoning c) Analogical reasoning d) Heuristic reasoning

B

A sudden drop in cognitive performance due to emotional distress is known as: a) Stress-induced decrement b) Cognitive overload c) Emotion regulation failure d) Mental fatigue

A

When people believe they have "always known" the outcome of an event after it occurs, they are demonstrating: a) Hindsight bias b) The illusion of control c) Confirmation bias d) The peak-end rule

A

What role does cognitive load play in decision-making? a) It simplifies the process. b) It reduces analytical thinking. c) It enhances emotional reasoning. d) It enables better categorization.

B

Which cognitive function allows individuals to assess the reliability of information? a) Decision-making b) Belief adjustment c) Critical thinking d) Intuition

C

An example of a misleading heuristic is: a) Using statistics b) Relying on personal experiences c) Applying a general rule to all cases d) Considering multiple perspectives

C

The ability to think about an issue from multiple perspectives is often referred to as: a) Cognitive flexibility b) Divergent thinking c) Convergent thinking d) Lateral thinking

A

The efficiency of the brain's network for processing language is evidenced by: a) Neuroplasticity b) Synaptic pruning c) Neural efficiency d) All of the above

D

Among the challenges to language learning, which factor plays a crucial role in older adults? a) Motivation b) Social interaction c) Neuroplasticity d) Cognitive flexibility

C

What is the primary function of metaphors in language? a) To complicate communication b) To evince emotional responses c) To encourage abstract thinking d) To decorate speech

C

When individuals use their cultural background to interpret language, this is known as: a) Contextualization b) Connotation c) Cultural framing d) Pragmatism

C

A critical component of effective communication processes is: a) Emotional detachment b) Active listening c) Rigid structure d) Selective attention

B

What cognitive strategy do people use to simplify choices when faced with complex options? a) Decision trees b) Elimination by aspects c) Linear programming d) Exhaustive search

B

What is the primary purpose of intelligence testing? a) To assess physical capabilities b) To measure cognitive abilities c) To determine personality traits d) To evaluate creative skills

B

Which of the following best describes the concept of "general intelligence"? a) A measure of creativity b) A single factor representing overall cognitive ability c) A specific skill set related to language d) A collection of unrelated cognitive tasks

B

Which type of bias may affect intelligence testing? a) Cultural bias b) Gender bias c) Socioeconomic bias d) All of the above

D

An individual scores significantly lower on an intelligence test than their peers despite a history of academic success. What might explain this discrepancy? a) Lack of motivation b) Environment c) Specific learning disabilities d) All of the above

D

In a study examining intelligence across different cultures, which of the following results might be expected? a) Identical IQ scores across cultures b) Variations in intelligence scores influenced by social factors c) A universal definition of intelligence d) No relationship between culture and intelligence

B

Which of the following best describes the term "heritability" in the context of intelligence? a) The ability to improve IQ through education b) The proportion of variance in intelligence attributed to genetic factors c) The effect of environment on cognitive development d) The acquisition of knowledge through experience

B

Which statement about the impact of environment on intelligence is most accurate? a) Intelligence is determined solely by genetics. b) All individuals receive the same environmental influences. c) Enriched environments can enhance cognitive development. d) The environment has no effect on intelligence.

C

What scenario illustrates a gene-environment interaction affecting intelligence? a) Identical twins raised apart scoring similarly on intelligence tests b) A student thriving in supportive educational environments c) A gifted child failing to perform well due to a lack of resources d) An average student excelling due to high parental support

C

Which of the following statements about the relationship between intelligence and socioeconomic status (SES) is true? a) SES does not influence intelligence. b) Higher SES is generally associated with higher IQ scores. c) Low SES individuals cannot be intelligent. d) All individuals of high SES have high intelligence.

B

A researcher tries to develop a tool to enhance cognitive abilities in children. What factors should they consider for effective cognitive enhancement? a) Genetics only b) Consistent practice and enriched learning environments c) Age of the individuals only d) Avoiding any changes in environmental context

B

Which of the following theories posits multiple types of intelligences, such as musical or interpersonal intelligence? a) Spearman's Two-Factor Theory b) Gardner's Multiple Intelligences c) Cattell-Horn Theory d) Sternberg's Triarchic Theory

B

A test designed to measure practical problem-solving abilities would most likely align with which type of intelligence? a) Analytical Intelligence b) Creative Intelligence c) Practical Intelligence d) Emotional Intelligence

C

If a child's learning is influenced by family support and educational resources, which broader concept does this scenario reflect? a) Biological determinism b) Environmental determinism c) Interaction of genes and environment d) Fixed intelligence

C

In groups studies of intelligence, what is often observed regarding racial and ethnic differences? a) Racial differences are solely genetic. b) Environmental and cultural context contribute to observed differences. c) There are no significant differences observed. d) Intelligence is unrelated to cultural background.

B

Which of the following would be considered a possible method for enhancing cognitive abilities? a) Regular mental exercise b) Avoiding challenging tasks c) Limited social interaction d) Neglecting sleep

A

Which type of intelligence is assessed by traditional IQ tests? a) Practical Intelligence b) Creative Intelligence c) Analytical Intelligence d) Emotional Intelligence

C

What is one criticism of standardized intelligence tests? a) They promote equal access to educational resources. b) They are beneficial for all socioeconomic classes. c) They may not accurately reflect an individual's intellectual capability due to cultural biases. d) They are infallible measures of intelligence.

C

An individual is recognized for their ability to quickly adapt to new environments. This characteristic is best described as: a) High intelligence b) Adaptive intelligence c) Practical intelligence d) Creative intelligence

B

Considering that genetics plays a role in intelligence, what percentage of intelligence is typically attributed to genetic variation according to most studies? a) 10-20% b) 30-50% c) 50-80% d) 80-100%

C

Which psychological theory posits that intelligence involves adaptive behavior to one's environment? a) Psychometric Theory b) Triarchic Theory of Intelligence c) Multiple Intelligences Theory d) Behavioral Theory

B

In studying intelligence, which methodology is primarily used to assess group differences? a) Case studies b) Correlational research c) Meta-analysis d) Experimental research

B

Which cognitive ability is least likely to be emphasized in traditional intelligence tests? a) Memory b) Non-verbal reasoning c) Creative problem-solving d) Logical reasoning

C

What cognitive enhancement method has been shown to have potential benefits for improving intelligence? a) Caffeine consumption b) Use of nootropic drugs c) Regular physical exercise d) Increased sleep deprivation

C

Which of the following is a key argument against cognitive enhancement through pharmaceutical means? a) It is always effective. b) It may alter personality in unintended ways. c) It is illegal in all contexts. d) It guarantees high IQ scores.

B

In the context of intelligence and learning, which of the following statements is true? a) All intelligence is fixed and cannot change. b) Learning can help develop intelligence over time. c) Environmental influences have no impact on intelligence development. d) Intelligence is solely genetic and does not adapt.

B

Which cognitive ability is often highlighted as being crucial for success in academic environments and is closely linked to traditional IQ? a) Spatial awareness b) Verbal reasoning c) Emotional regulation d) Social skills

B

A child from a low-income background shows significant improvements in intelligence scores after receiving tutoring support. This scenario highlights the importance of: a) Genetic potential alone b) The impact of environmental enrichment c) Fixed intelligence levels d) The superiority of intelligence tests

B

Which of the following is a characteristic associated with high intelligence? a) Difficulty in social situations b) Rigid thinking patterns c) Adaptability and problem-solving skills d) Consistent academic failure

C

In modern discussions about intelligence, it is essential to consider what aspect that goes beyond mere cognitive ability? a) Academic performance b) Emotional and social intelligence c) Mathematical skills d) Standard IQ differences

B

A researcher analyzing intelligence data finds cultural differences in cognitive styles. What could this indicate about intelligence? a) Intelligence is universally defined. b) Intelligence metrics are independent of cultural contexts. c) Cultural factors shape the expression of intelligence. d) Intelligence differs without regard to upbringing.

C

Intelligence tests might show discrepancies among different ethnic groups primarily due to: a) Intelligence being strictly genetic. b) Variations in environmental conditions and educational resources. c) Differences in gender. d) Every group's refusal to complete the tests.

B

Which of the following does not significantly influence intelligence according to most psychological research? a) Educational access b) Intelligence is predominantly hereditary. c) The number of siblings in a family d) Socioeconomic status

C

Consolidating various findings about human intelligence reveals that a comprehensive understanding must consider: a) Genetics exclusively b) Environmental and cultural factors only c) A broad mix of both genetic and environmental influences d) Emotional and interpersonal dynamics only

C

Emotional regulation can be seen as an essential component of which type of intelligence? a) Verbal intelligence b) Emotional intelligence c) Analytical intelligence d) Abstract reasoning

B

What is a potential benefit of cognitive enhancement methods that target education? a) Negative long-term effects on mental health b) Increase in standardized test performance c) Fixing genetic IQ deficiencies d) Reliance on pharmaceutical aids alone

B

Which of the following is considered a practical application of understanding intelligence in the workplace? a) Ignoring personal differences among employees b) Maximizing team effectiveness through diverse intelligence types c) Relying solely on technical skills for hiring d) Enforcing uniformity in thinking and problem-solving

B

Howard Gardner's theory suggests that individuals can possess multiple intelligences. Which of the following is NOT one of his proposed types? a) Musical Intelligence b) Linguistic Intelligence c) Universal Intelligence d) Interpersonal Intelligence

C

In the debate over cognitive enhancement, what is one major ethical concern? a) It may lead to a divided society based on intelligence. b) Everyone has equal access to enhancement tools. c) Cognitive enhancement guarantees success in academics. d) It reduces the need for personal responsibility.

A

Individual performance variations on intelligence tests can often be explained by what main factors? a) Only parental education levels b) A mix of genetic predispositions and environmental experiences c) Random chance d) Rigidity of IQ as a fixed metric

B

A child who shows high musical ability may illustrate which aspect of Gardner's theory? a) Verbal Intelligence b) Spatial Intelligence c) Musical Intelligence d) Linguistic Intelligence

C

An individual demonstrating strong problem-solving abilities in unfamiliar situations exhibits what aspect of intelligence? a) Practical Intelligence b) Creative Intelligence c) Analytical Intelligence d) Physical Intelligence

B

Which historical factor has significantly influenced contemporary views on intelligence and testing? a) Global warming b) The civil rights movement c) Technological advancement d) Dietary changes

B

What is the term for the point at which environment and genetics interact to influence intelligence? a) Environmental Intelligence b) Genetic Plasticity c) Gene-environment interaction d) Adaptive Intelligence

C

Which of the following may contribute to cognitive decline in intelligence as one ages? a) Increased life experiences b) Decreased cognitive engagement c) Emotional stability d) Varied problem-solving experiences

B

Which cognitive characteristic often sets apart individuals with exceptionally high intelligence? a) Inability to collaborate b) Singular focus c) Broader conceptual thinking d) Disregard for social norms

C

An academic program that aims to maximize student intelligence development would ideally focus on: a) Standardized testing preparation only b) Diverse learning strategies and enrichment experiences c) Regular assessments with no room for creative thinking d) Strict curriculum adherence without flexibility

B

Which cognitive skill is often linked to higher emotional intelligence? a) Abstract reasoning b) Numerical computation c) Empathy and social perception d) Memory retention

C

In the context of improving intelligence, what is often emphasized as a key to success? a) Standardized test scores b) The importance of lifelong learning and adaptability c) Sole reliance on inherited intelligence d) Fixed curriculum requirements

B

What is a common misconception about intelligence that the research challenges? a) Intelligence can be trained and improved. b) Intelligence is a fixed trait. c) Multiple intelligences exist. d) Intelligence varies across cultures.

B

Which factor is often highlighted as necessary to understand fully an individual's cognitive strengths? a) Sole reliance on IQ scores b) Contextual and environmental factors c) Strict adherence to traditional educational methods d) Age of the individual

B

Which of the following is a key factor influencing prenatal development? A. Maternal nutrition B. Father's age C. The baby's gender D. Time of conception

A

What is the primary stage of development that occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy? A. Implantation B. Organogenesis C. Fetal movements D. Neural tube formation

B

Which of the following substances is most well-known for causing teratogenic effects during pregnancy? A. Calcium B. Alcohol C. Iron D. Vitamin D

B

During which developmental stage do infants generally show an increase in their ability to perceive depth? A. Newborn stage B. 2–3 months C. 6–7 months D. 12 months

C

Which reflex is commonly observed in newborns and involves the automatic grasping of any object placed in the palm? A. Rooting reflex B. Moro reflex C. Grasping reflex D. Stepping reflex

C

Which cognitive ability develops last during childhood, usually emerging in late adolescence? A. Object permanence B. Egocentrism C. Abstract reasoning D. Conservation

C

Select all that apply: Which of the following are indicators of strong social development in early childhood? A. Sharing with peers B. Expressing emotions verbally C. Engaging in solitary play D. Understanding others’ perspectives

A, B, D

During adolescence, individuals typically begin to explore their identity. Which of these approaches is MOST associated with identity formation? A. Identity diffusion B. Identity foreclosure C. Identity moratorium D. Identity achievement

D

A 16-year-old starts to distance themselves from their family and places higher value on friendships. This behavior is best explained as: A. Normal adolescent development B. A sign of rebellion C. Early onset of adulthood D. Lack of parental guidance

A

Which factor is LEAST likely to influence moral development in children? A. Parental values and education B. Peer interactions C. Media exposure D. Time of day

D

In terms of physical and cognitive changes, how is adulthood characterized? A. Constant state of decline B. Steady improvement in abilities C. Both gains and losses D. No significant changes

C

A middle-aged woman decides to switch careers to pursue her passion, aligning her work with her personal interests. This reflects which aspect of adult development? A. Changing abilities B. Changing goals C. Changing roles D. Transitioning into retirement

B

A couple expects their first child. Which of the following would be considered a positive prenatal action they could take? A. Discussing parenting styles and philosophies B. Ignoring parental advice C. Consuming alcohol moderately D. Skipping regular check-ups

A

Which of the following terms describes the emotional bond that typically develops between a parent and their infant? A. Attachment B. Connection C. Affection D. Bonding

A

During adolescence, which factor significantly influences the shift from parental guidance to peer influence? A. Hormonal changes B. Increased cognitive abilities C. Desire for independence D. Educational pressures

C

Which of the following is an example of a developmental milestone in gross motor skills during early childhood? A. Scribbling B. Walking C. Reading D. Solving puzzles

B

Select all that apply: Which of the following are common characteristics of securely attached infants? A. Seeking comfort from caregivers B. Crying excessively in new environments C. Feeling distress when caregivers leave D. Easily comforted upon caregiver's return

A, C, D

In the context of childhood development, “theory of mind” refers to: A. An ability to plan and execute strategies B. Understanding that others have thoughts and feelings C. A cognitive framework for perceiving the world D. The impact of environment on cognitive skills

B

What effect does prolonged exposure to a stressful environment have on an infant's development? A. Enhanced cognitive skills B. Quick adaptation to new situations C. Risk of developmental delays D. Stronger social skills

C

When assessing the social development of a child, which behavior would NOT typically be a positive indicator? A. Collaborating with peers on activities B. Displaying empathy towards others C. Isolating themselves during playtime D. Seeking help from adults when needed

C

What behaviors are typical of an adolescent in the stage of identity exploration? A. Seeking unique styles of dress B. Adopting parents' values without question C. Avoiding peer interactions D. Forming close relationships with caregivers

A

Which of the following emotional responses is most closely tied to moral development in children? A. Happiness B. Shame C. Anger D. Boredom

B

How does emerging sexuality during adolescence most profoundly influence personal relationships? A. It leads to increased academic performance B. It often results in conflicts with family C. It fosters peer comparison and competition D. It encourages exploration of identity

D

Which of the following is true regarding changes in adulthood? A. Physical decline is uniform across all adults B. Cognitive abilities always worsen with age C. Changes in roles can lead to personal growth D. All adults experience a midlife crisis

C

A 10-year-old who assists a younger sibling in tying a shoelace is displaying which aspect of development? A. Cognitive development B. Social development C. Motor development D. Moral understanding

B

The phenomenon where adolescents experiment with different identities can best be described as: A. Role confusion B. Identity diffusion C. Identity exploration D. Identity enforcement

C

Which parenting style is characterized by high responsiveness but low demands? A. Authoritative B. Authoritarian C. Permissive D. Neglectful

C

During adolescence, which of the following developmental challenges is commonly faced? A. Learning to ride a bike B. Developing abstract thinking C. Establishing a bedtime routine D. Mastering basic motor skills

B

Which of the following scenarios reflects an individual who has successfully transitioned into adulthood? A. Residing with their parents without plans for the future B. Taking responsibility for personal finances C. Relying solely on friends for support and advice D. Lacking any long-term goals

B

A child begins to show concern for fairness and justice when sharing toys. This behavior is an early indicator of which development? A. Cognitive development B. Social development C. Moral development D. Emotional development

C

What element of the environment can significantly impact an infant's emotional security? A. Bright colors in the nursery B. A stable caregiving relationship C. A variety of toys D. High-contrast patterns

B

Which theory best explains the attachment behaviors exhibited by infants, according to developmental psychology? A. Psychosexual theory B. Attachment theory C. Operant conditioning D. Cognitive development theory

B

During which stage of development do children typically exhibit egocentrism, where they struggle to see perspectives other than their own? A. Preoperational B. Concrete operational C. Formal operational D. Sensorimotor

A

Select all that apply: Which of the following are factors known to contribute to resilience in children? A. Supportive relationships B. Access to education C. Lack of stressors D. Positive self-esteem

A, B, D

A child who understands that pouring water from a tall glass into a shorter, wider glass does not change the amount of water is demonstrating which cognitive concept? A. Egocentrism B. Conservation C. Object permanence D. Reversibility

B

What is a major difference in moral reasoning between children and adults, according to developmental theories? A. Adults are less concerned with justice B. Children make decisions based on self-interest C. Adult moral reasoning is less complex D. Children focus more on social relationships

B

Which of the following statements about emerging adulthood is most accurate? A. It is a universal stage for all individuals B. It is often marked by significant instability C. It leads directly to a commitment to marriage D. It is characterized only by personal growth

B

Children who show skills such as taking turns while playing games and collaborating in group activities are indicating progress in which area of development? A. Cognitive B. Moral C. Social D. Emotional

C

What developmental approach emphasizes the interaction between the individual and their environment across the lifespan? A. Psychoanalytic theory B. Social learning theory C. Ecological systems theory D. Cognitive development theory

C

Which aspect of adulthood is often cited as contributing to increased life satisfaction? A. Career achievement B. Reduction of social circles C. Lack of responsibilities D. Attainment of personal goals

D

What is a common characteristic of moral development in children, especially noted in their interactions with peers? A. Focus only on rule-following B. Absence of empathy C. Ability to negotiate conflicts D. Strict adherence to parental values

C

What role does language play in cognitive development during early childhood? A. It limits cognitive abilities B. It facilitates abstract thinking C. It has no impact on cognitive growth D. It hampers social development

B

Select all that apply: Which behaviors can signify secure attachment in infants? A. Tracking a caregiver's movements with their gaze B. Crying when a caregiver leaves C. Engaging with strangers readily D. Returning to a caregiver after exploring

A, B, D

Adolescents with high self-esteem are more likely to: A. Reject peer influence B. Engage in risky behaviors C. Form and maintain healthy relationships D. Isolate themselves from social interactions

C

Which cognitive skill is most clearly developed in late childhood? A. Operational thinking B. Hypothetical reasoning C. Sensory processing D. Egocentric thought

A

The ability to empathize with peers typically develops during what stage? A. Infancy B. Early childhood C. Late childhood D. Adolescence

C

At what age do children generally start recognizing that others can think about them and have their own perspectives? A. 12 months B. 2 years C. 4 years D. 7 years

C

Which scenario reflects the influence of peers on adolescent behavior? A. A teenager decides to enroll in college because their parents encourage it B. A teen starts wearing new clothing trends to fit in with their friends C. A student chooses academic subjects based on personal interests D. An adolescent spends time volunteering because their family values charity

B

Children who engage in cooperative play rather than solitary play are likely exhibiting growth in: A. Emotional regulation B. Cognitive development C. Social skills D. Physical development

C

Which characteristic is generally not associated with adults who are aging successfully? A. Active engagement in social activities B. Positive attitudes toward aging C. Being socially withdrawn and isolated D. Maintaining physical health

C