Immigration restrictions of the 1920s were introduced as a result of

a. the desire to halt immigration from Latin America.

b. increased migration of blacks to the North.

c. growing concern about urban overcrowding and crime.

d. a desire to rid the country of the quota system.

e. the nativist belief that northern Europeans were superior to southern and eastern Europeans.

e

Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest resistance from

a. businesspeople and labor leaders.

b. westerners and southerners.

c. immigrants and big-city residents.

d. women

e. evangelical Protestants

c

Although speakeasies and hard liquor flourished, historians argue that prohibition wasn't entirely a failure for all of the following reasons except

a. absenteeism in the workplace decreased.

b. bank savings increased.

c. more people lived a sober lifestyle.

d. people consumed less alcohol overall.

e. crime levels decreased.

e

Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of

a. kidnapping

b. income tax evasion

c. conspiracy to violate the prohibition laws.

d. running criminal prostitution rings.

e. murder

b

The immediate outcome of the 1925 Scopes Trial was that

a. biology teacher John Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution and fined.

b. the state of Tennessee modified its anti-evolution law.

c. the public gained a favorable view of American fundamentalists.

d. attorney Clarence Darrow got the charges against John Scopes dropped.

e. the jury was deadlocked and unable to reach a verdict.

a

The main problem faced by American manufacturers in the 1920s involved

a. increasing the level of production.

b. developing technologically innovative products.

c. developing expanding markets of people to buy their products.

d. reducing the level of government involvement in business.

e. finding a skilled labor force.

c

In response to the need to develop greater and greater mass markets for their products, America business in the 1920s relied especially on the new techniques of

a. government-backed guarantees of product performance.

b. consumer advertising.

c. price competition.

d. developing a large range of product variations.

e. direct selling through catalogs and door-to-door solicitations.

b

The prosperity that developed in the 1920s

a. was accompanied by a cloud of consumer debt.

b. enabled labor unions to gain strength.

c. led to a growing level of savings by the American public.

d. was concentrated primarily in heavy industry.

e. closed the gap between rich and poor.

a

Henry Ford's most distinctive contribution to the automobile industry was

a. production of a standardized, relatively inexpensive automobile.

b. introducing a variety of automobile models with varied colors and styles.

c. the internal combustion engine.

d. design changes that improved speed.

e. installment credit buying of cars.

a

The first talkie motion picture was

a. The Jazz Singer.

b. The Birth of a Nation.

c. The Great Train Robbery.

d. Gone With the Wind.

e. The Wizard of Oz.

a

Automobiles, radios, and motion pictures

a. were less popular than had been anticipated.

b. had little impact on traditional life-styles and values.

c. were for the most part too expensive for ordinary working families.

d. contributed to the standardization of American life.

e. strengthened American family life.

d

All of the following are true of Marcus Garvey, founder of the United Negro Improvement Association, except he

a. was convicted of mail fraud and deported by the U.S. government.

b. promoted the resettlement of American blacks in Africa.

c. inspired strong feelings of self-confidence and self-reliance among blacks.

d. sponsored black-owned business enterprises.

e. advocated the idea of developing an elite "talented tenth" to lead African American progress.

e

The Harlem Renaissance can best be described as

a. a celebration of black culture and creative expression.

b. None of these

c. the migration of Southern blacks to northern sections of New York City.

d. an effort to resist racism and segregation in the North.

e. the movement led by Marcus Garvey.

a

Buying stock on margin meant purchasing

a. inexpensive stock.

b. little-known stock.

c. it on credit with only a small down payment.

d. only a few shares of stock.

e. risky or marginal stock.

c

As secretary of the treasury, Andrew Mellon placed the heaviest tax burden on

a. the working class

b. middle-income groups

c. the estates of those deceased.

d. the business community.

e. the wealthy

b

Warren G. Harding's weakness as president included all of the following except a(n)

a. lack of political experience.

b. mediocre mind.

c. inability to detect moral weaknesses in his associates

d. unwillingness to hurt people's feelings by saying no.

e. administrative weakness.

a

Republican economic policies under Warren G. Harding

a. sought to regulate the policies of large corporations.

b. hoped to encourage the government to actively assist business along the path to profits.

c. aided small business at the expense of big business.

d. sought to continue the same laissez-faire doctrine as had been the practice under William McKinley.

e. aimed at supporting increased competition in business.

b

In the Adkins case, the Supreme Court ruled

a. federal maternity benefits designed for women did not constitute unequal treatment.

b. women had the right to sue for equal pay for equal work.

c. anti-union "right to work" laws were constitutional.

d. federal child labor laws were unconstitutional.

e. women were no longer entitled to special protection in the workplace because they now had the vote.

e

The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact

a. formally ended World War I for the United States, which had refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles.

b. established a battleship ration for the leading naval powers.

c. set a schedule for German payment of war reparations.

d. officially outlawed war as a solution to international rivalry and conflict.

e. condemned Japan for its unprovoked attack on Manchuria.

d

The Fordney-McCumber and Hawley-Smoot Tariff laws had the long term effect of

a. lowering the prices Americans paid for domestic manufactured goods.

b. pressuring the Europeans to lower their own tariff rates in order to retain American trade.

c. encouraging the United States to turn more to Asia than to Europe for imports.

d. bringing American farmers out of the agricultural depression of the early 1920s.

e. shrinking international trade and making it impossible for Europe to repay American war loans.

e

The Teapot Dome scandal was centered around corrupt deals and bribes involving

a. naval oil reserves.

b. presidential pardons.

c. European war debts.

d. veterans' hospitals.

e. the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

a

During Coolidge's presidency, government policy was set largely by the interests and values of

a. farmers and wage earners.

b. the business community.

c. conservative New Englanders.

d. racial and ethnic minorities.

e. progressive reformers.

b

The advent of the gasoline-powered tractor in the 1920s meant that

a. farmers would have to spend time training new hands on the equipment.

b. productivity went up but so did debt.

c. bigger crops could be grown on smaller areas.

d. farmers did not need to plow as much land to make the same profit.

e. None of these

b

The Progressive party did not do well in the 1924 election because

a. La Follette could bot win the Socialists' endorsement.

b. the liberal vote was split between it and the Democratic party.

c. too many people shared in the general prosperity of the time to care about reform.

d. it was to caught up in internal discord.

e. it could not win the farm vote.

c

America's major foreign policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which

a. provided a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments.

b. established a ratio of allowable naval strength between the United States, Britain, and Japan.

c. aimed to prevent German re-armament.

d. ended the big-stick policy of armed intervention in Central America and the Caribbean.

e. condemned the Japanese aggression in Manchuria.

a

As a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930

a. duties on agricultural products decreased.

b. American economic isolationism ended.

c. campaign promises to labor were fulfilled.

d. American industry grew more secure.

e. the worldwide depression deepened.

e

President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended by doing all of the following except

a. directly assisting businesses and banks.

b. keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system.

c. lending federal funds to feed farm livestock.

d. providing direct aide to the people.

e. continuing to rely on the American tradition of rugged individualism.

d

The term "Hoovervilles" refers to

a. industrial sections of cities where poor workers lived.

b. cities hardest hit by the Great Depression - with the highest unemployment and poverty rates.

c. shantytowns filled with shacks created by homeless people during the Great Depression.

d. picket lines erected by the Bonus Army in their protest against Washington D.C.

e. breadlines and soup kitchens that fed the hungry during the Great Depression.

c

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, established by Hoover to deal with the depression, was charged with

a. outlawing yellow dog (antiunion) contracts.

b. lending money for federal public works projects.

c. providing money for construction of dams on the Tennessee River.

d. providing direct economic assistance to labor.

e. making loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments.

e

The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington D.C., in 1932 to demand

a. the removal of American troops from Nicaragua.

b. an expanded American army and navy.

c. punishment for those who had forced unemployed veterans to leave Washington D.C.

d. immediate full payment of bonus payments promised to World War I veterans.

e. housing and healthcare assistance for veterans.

d

President Hoover's public image was severely damaged by his

a. use of harsh military force to disperse the Bonus Army from Washington.

b. agreement to provide a federal dole to the unemployed.

c. decision to abandon the principle of rugged individualism.

d. refusal to do anything to try to solve the Great Depression.

e. construction of Hoovervilles for the homeless.

a