front 1 Vietnamization | back 1 A policy introduced by President Nixon aimed at reducing American involvement in the Vietnam War by transferring the responsibility of war efforts to South Vietnamese forces. |
front 2 Pentagon Papers | back 2 A classified Department of Defense study that revealed the United States' political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967; its release sparked a major controversy regarding government transparency. |
front 3 War Powers Act | back 3 A federal law passed in 1973 intended to limit the President's ability to engage U.S. forces in hostilities without congressional approval, emphasizing the balance of power between Congress and the President. |
front 4 Detente | back 4 A diplomatic strategy aimed at easing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, characterized by increased communication and negotiation. |
front 5 Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) | back 5 An agreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union in 1972 that aimed to limit the number of strategic ballistic missile launchers and reduce the arms race. |
front 6 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | back 6 An intergovernmental organization of oil-producing countries that coordinates oil production and pricing to ensure stable oil markets. |
front 7 Affirmative Action | back 7 Policies designed to promote equal opportunity in education and employment for historically marginalized groups, often involving measures to increase diversity. |
front 8 Watergate | back 8 A major political scandal in the 1970s involving a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters and the subsequent cover-up by the Nixon administration, leading to Nixon's resignation. |
front 9 National Energy Act | back 9 A U.S. law passed in 1978 aimed at promoting energy conservation and reducing dependence on foreign oil through various incentives and regulations. |
front 10 SALT II | back 10 A continuation of the arms limitation talks that began with SALT I, this treaty was signed in 1979 but was never ratified due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. |
front 11 Mujahideen | back 11 A group of guerrilla fighters in Afghanistan who opposed the Soviet invasion during the 1980s, receiving support from the U.S. and other nations. |
front 12 Camp David Accords | back 12 A series of agreements reached in 1978 between Egypt and Israel, brokered by President Carter, aimed at establishing peace in the Middle East. |
front 13 Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) | back 13 A proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution designed to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens regardless of sex, although it was never ratified. |
front 14 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | back 14 A U.S. federal agency established in 1970 responsible for protecting human health and the environment by enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. |
front 15 New Right | back 15 A political movement that emerged in the late 20th century advocating for conservative principles, including limited government, traditional family values, and free-market economics. |
front 16 Neoconservatives | back 16 A political movement characterized by a focus on promoting democracy and American national interests abroad, often through military intervention, especially noted during the late 20th century. |