North

Countries in the "___" are generally considered More Economically Developed Countries (MEDCs)

high GDP per capita, advanced infrastructure, diversified economies, high levels of education and healthcare, and advanced technology adoption

WHY ARE THE COUNTRIES IN THE NORTH CONSIDERED MEDC?

GLOBAL SOUTH

A term used to describe countries in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania that are often low-income and have lower standards of living.

Global South

The term is used to group countries based on their political, economic and geopolitical commonalities.

Often have lower incomes, high levels of poverty, and inadequate housing May also have high population growth rates, limited educational opportunities, and poor health Cities may have poor infrastructure

CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES

South

Countries in the "____" are often classified as Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs)

lower GDP per capita, limited infrastructure, reliance on primary industries, lower levels of education and healthcare, higher levels of poverty and inequality.

WHY ARE THE COUNTRIES IN THE SOUTH CONSIDERED LEDC?

Economy was based on cotton which depended on slave labor. Southern economy was weak and vulnerable because it depended entirely on cotton but was still profitable. Poor and less developed region. 5% of the population has enough food and shelter. It’s serves a source for a raw material for north.

WHY IS THE SOUTH AT SUCH A DISADVANTAGE?

North-South divide

or "the gap between North and South" to summarize complex political and economic tensions on a range of issues.

North-South Divide

The term was also fashioned out of the categorization which included mainly the First, Second and Third World distinctions. This was by large, influenced the Cold War era between the USA and USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republic).

FIRST WORLD

The United States and Western Europe, plus their allies

First World

The most industrialized countries with the strongest economies

First World

Often called developed or industrialized countries

SECOND WORLD

The Communist Bloc, including the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba

Second World

Also known as the Eastern Bloc

THIRD WORLD

Countries that didn't align with either the First or Second World

Third World

Often called the Non-Aligned Movement Included most of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America

THIRD WORLD

It serves as "ready and willing markets" to the delight of the First World producer states.

THIRD WORLD

They found themselves the necessity and the means to grapple with the economic realities at the demise of the Cold War era.

THIRD WORLD

Once dubbed as "Asian Tigers" or the NIC's (Newly Industrialized Countries) like Taiwan, Hong Kong, and South Korea. The term "Developing world" has been widely used in the 80's.

Regionalism

is the manifestation or expression of a common sense of cultural identity and purpose combined with the creation and implementation of institutions that express a particular identity and shape collective action within a geographical region.

ECONOMIC REGIONALISM

can be viewed as a conscious attempt to manage the opportunities and constraints created by the dramatic increase in international economic ties to foster economic growth and prosperity among its member states. Examples of economic regionalism include free trade areas, customs unions, common markets, and economic unions (Fawcett, 2012).

ASEAN, or the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten Southeast Asian countries.

Established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand

Where and when was Asean established?

ASEAN

it aims to promote cooperation in economic, political, security, military, educational, and socio-cultural fields.

The founding members—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand—were later joined by Brunei (1984), Vietnam (1995), Laos and Myanmar (1997), and Cambodia (1999), forming the current ten-member bloc.

Who are the founding members of ASEAN?

Economy was based on cotton which depended on slave labor. Southern economy was weak and vulnerable because it depended entirely on cotton but was still profitable. Poor and less developed region. 5% of the population has enough food and shelter. It’s serves a source for a raw material for north.

WHY IS THE SOUTH AT SUCH A DISADVANTAGE?

These are divided into four major areas in this analysis: trade, investment, and the integration of "real" economic activity; financial integration; macroeconomic policy links; and shared social and environmental concerns.

ASIAN'S GROWTH ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE PROVIDES MANY OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION

ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) APT (ASEAN Plus Three) EAS (East Asian Summit) APc (Asia Pacific community, with a small "c") EAC (East Asian Community)

ASIAN REGIONALISM ORGANIZATIONS

envisions a united and peaceful Southeast Asia, committed to stability, prosperity, and dynamic development.

ASEAN Community

is a regional economic forum established in 1989 to promote prosperity and economic integration among 21 member economies. It aims for balanced, inclusive, and sustainable growth by making trade, investment, and movement of people easier across borders.

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)

works to streamline regulations, improve business climates, and support digital skills training to help communities benefit from economic growth. It also addresses climate change, disaster resilience, and security challenges to ensure regional stability

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)

operates as a cooperative forum with voluntary commitments, where all members have an equal say. It follows a bottom-up and top-down approach, with committees providing policy recommendations, while leaders set goals, such as the Bogor Goals (1994), which aim for free and open trade in the Asia-Pacific by 2020.

APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)