front 1 Sensation | back 1 Physical stimuli that is then detected and processed in the thalamus/brain |
front 2 Perception | back 2 this is the furthering processing, organization, and interception of the sensory information |
front 3 Bottom-up Processing | back 3 Based on the physical features of the stimuli |
front 4 Top-down Processing | back 4 Based on past knowledge expectations or experience shape the interpretation of sensory information |
front 5 Absolute Threshold | back 5 This is the minimum amount of stimuli needed before you experience sensation |
front 6 Difference threshold | back 6 Sometimes called a noticeable difference The minimum change in volume required or you to notice a difference between 2 stimuli |
front 7 Signal detection theory | back 7 Theat detecting stimulus is not an objective component but instead a subjective decision |
front 8 Hit | back 8 If the signal is present and detected |
front 9 Miss | back 9 If the signal is present and not detected |
front 10 False Alarm | back 10 If the participant reports that there was a signal and the signal was not present |
front 11 correct rejection | back 11 If the signal is not present and the participant does not detect it |
front 12 response bias | back 12 The tendency for a participant to report or not report in an ambiguous trial |
front 13 Sensory adaptation | back 13 You adapt to a continuing stimulus, making it unnoticeable |
front 14 Synesthsia | back 14 The mixing of senses together |
front 15 CLRPI | back 15 Cornea, lens, retina, pupil, iris |
front 16 Accommodation | back 16 A muscle inside of the lens that helps focus on distant objects |
front 17 Presbyopia | back 17 The muscle has a hard time thinking which then makes it impossible to see close objects |
front 18 Rods | back 18 A receptor cell Responds to very low level of light, responsible for nigh vision Does not support color Poor at fine detail |
front 19 Cones | back 19 Less sensitive to low levels of light they capture brighter light and more deatials |
front 20 Fovea | back 20 Cones are dense in this region They become scared around the other sides of the eye Creating a blind spot |
front 21 Trichromatic Theory | back 21
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front 22 Color blindness | back 22 This is not necessarily being blind and cant seeing color, just that partial blindness for certain colors due to missing photopigment sensitive to the wavelengths |
front 23 Opponent-process Theory | back 23 Works through a process of excitatory and inhibitory responses with two components of each mechanism opposing each other Example: Your eyes start to get fatigued from staring at the red so the green receptors are not fatigued and therefore the after imagine is green |
front 24 Gestalt Principles | back 24 That perception is more than the result of a collection of sensory data, the whole of perceptual experience is more than the sum of its parts |
front 25 Proximity | back 25 The closer two figures are to each other, the more likely we are to group them and see then as part of the same object |
front 26 Similiatry | back 26 We tend to group figures according to how closely they resemble each other, whether in shape, color, or orientation |
front 27 Good continuation | back 27 We tend to group edges or contours that are smooth and continuous as opposed to those having abrupt or sharp edges |
front 28 Closure | back 28 We tend to complete figures that have gaps |
front 29 Common fate | back 29 We tend to see things that move together as belonging to the same group |
front 30 Amplitude | back 30 How loud a sensory is The greater the amplitude the louder the object is |
front 31 Frequency | back 31 Determines the pitch We hear ta high frequency that has a higher pitch |
front 32 Eardrum | back 32 Sound waves travel into the eardrum |
front 33 Ossicles | back 33 The vibration are transferred into 3 bones: Hammer Anvil Stirrup |
front 34 Oval Window | back 34 The ossicles transfer the eardrum vibrations into the oval window A membrane located within the cochlea in the inner ear |
front 35 Cochlea | back 35 Is a fluid-filled tube that curls into a snail-like shape |
front 36 Basilar membrane | back 36 The oval windows vibration create pressure waves in the cochlear fluid, which prompt the basilar membrane to oscillate |
front 37 Hair Cells | back 37 The movement of the basilar membrane stimulates hair cells to bend and to send information to the auditory nerves |
front 38 Auditory nerve | back 38 These hair cells are the primary auditory receptors |
front 39 Neural signals | back 39 The electrical signals generated by the hair cells are send to the auditory nerve |
front 40 Brain processing | back 40 The signals travel from the auditory nerve to the thalamus and then to the primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe of the brain |
front 41 Vestibular system | back 41 Balance, if affects you can be severely dizzy |
front 42 Temporal coding | back 42 Used to encode relatively low frequencies, such as the sound of a tuba |
front 43 Place coding | back 43 Perception of pitch |
front 44 Sound localization | back 44 The brain integrates the different sensory information coming from each Humans draw on the intensity and timing of sounds to locate where the sounds are coming from |
front 45 Haptic sense | back 45 Sensation of temperature, pressure and pain |
front 46 Tactile stimulation | back 46 This is anything that makes contact with our skin |
front 47 Fast fibers | back 47 Sharp, immediate pain |
front 48 Slow fibers | back 48 Chronic, dull and steady pain |
front 49 Gate control theory | back 49 We experience pain when pain receptors are activated and a neural gate in the spinal cord allows the singles thorough to the brain "gate in the spinal cord" To reduce pain receptors |