front 1 What is translocation? | back 1 The movement of sugars (mainly sucrose) and other organic molecules through the phloem from source to sink. |
front 2 What are the sources in translocation? | back 2 Source: Where sugars are produced (e.g., leaves). |
front 3 What are the skins in translocation? | back 3 Sink: Where sugars are used or stored (e.g., roots, fruits, seeds). |
front 4 What is the main transport tissue for translocation? | back 4 Phloem, which consists of sieve tube elements and companion cells. |
front 5 How is translocation different from transpiration? | back 5 Translocation moves sugars both up and down in the plant, while transpiration moves water only upwards. |
front 6 What is transpiration? | back 6 The process of water evaporation from leaves through stomata, driving water movement from roots to leaves. |
front 7 What is the main transport tissue for transpiration? | back 7 Xylem, which carries water and minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.What factors affect transpiration rate? |
front 8 What factors make transpiration rate higher? | back 8 High temperature, low humidity, wind, and more light. |
front 9 What factors make transpiration rate lower? | back 9 High humidity, low temperature, and closed stomata. |
front 10 Why is transpiration important? | back 10 Water transport, Cooling the plant, Nutrient distribution |
front 11 What is the main function of a leaf? | back 11 The primary function of a leaf is photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose). |
front 12 What is the function of the cuticle? | back 12 A waxy layer that prevents excessive water loss and protects the leaf. |
front 13 What are stomata, and what do they do? | back 13 Small pores in the epidermis that control gas exchange (CO₂ in, O₂ out) and water loss. |
front 14 What is the role of the upper epidermis? | back 14 A transparent, protective layer that allows light to pass through while reducing water loss. |
front 15 What is the palisade mesophyll? | back 15 A layer of tightly packed, chloroplast-rich cells where most photosynthesis occurs. |
front 16 What is the spongy mesophyll? | back 16 A loosely packed layer with air spaces for gas exchange. |
front 17 What is the function of veins in a leaf? | back 17 Xylem transports water & minerals, while phloem transports sugars made in photosynthesis. |