front 1 Membrane transport proteins make up _____% of all membrane proteins in the cell | back 1 15-30% |
front 2 List some small nonpolar molecules | back 2 O2 and CO2 |
front 3 List some small uncharged polar molecules | back 3 H2O, glycerol and ethanol |
front 4 What are some molecules that cannot penetrate the cell membrane by diffusion? | back 4 Large uncharged polar molecules, ions and any charged molecules |
front 5 How do ions and small polar molecules get past the cell membrane? | back 5 Through transport proteins that are specific and choosy of what goes through them |
front 6 What disease causes an inability to transport amino acids like cysteine from urine or intestine into the blood/ Inevitably contributing to kidney stones. | back 6 Cystinuria disease |
front 7 A narrow hydrophilic pore that allows diffusion of specific ions along an electrochemical gradient | back 7 Channel proteins |
front 8 Proteins that bind to the molecule and undergo a conformational change that exposes binding sites for the molecule on different sides of the membrane. | back 8 Transporter |
front 9 T/F An electrochemical gradient is the potential difference in both concentration and electric potential | back 9 True |
front 10 T/F Only channels mediate passive transport | back 10 False. Both transporters and channels mediate passive transport |
front 11 What is Antiport? | back 11 The co-transport of ions in opposite direction |
front 12 What is a symport? | back 12 The co-transport of ions in the same direction |
front 13 What is a uniport? | back 13 The transport of a single solute (not coupled) |
front 14 These pumps are single sub-unit proteins. They phosphorylate themselves and pump ions. a) P-Type pumps b) ABC transporters c) V-Type pumps d) F-Type pumps | back 14 a) P-Type pumps |
front 15 These pumps are made up of multiple subunits. They pump many different small molecules. a) P-Type pumps b) ABC transporters c) V-type pumps d) F-Type pumps | back 15 b) ABC Transporters (ATP-binding-cassette) |
front 16 These pumps are made up of multiple subunits. They pump H+ into organelles. a) P-Type pumps b) ABC transporters c) V-type pumps d) F-Type pumps | back 16 V-Type pumps (like in vacuoles) |
front 17 These pumps use the H+ gradient to synthesize ATP a) P-Type pumps b) ABC transporters c) V-type pumps d) F-Type pumps | back 17 F-Type pumps (work in the reverse of V-Type) |
front 18 Review Slides | back 18 11, 12, 14, |
front 19 What are the names of the water channels that transport water? Water will quickly and passively move through these types of channels | back 19 Aquaporins |
front 20 _____ channels conduct way better | back 20 K+ |
front 21 The Na+-K+ pump produces gradients of high Na+ ______ and high K+ ________ and set up a charge imbalance | back 21 Na+ outside and K+ inside |
front 22 Describe the process of establishing a membrane potential | back 22 The Na+-K+ pump pumps Na+ outside the cell and K+ inside the cell. There is a K+ leak channel for K+ to leak outside, making the inside of the cell slightly more negative. Once the (+) and (-) turn the inside neutral that is called the resting membrane potential |
front 23 When the membrane is polarized (at resting membrane potential), these channels are closed. When the inside is depolarized (less negative inside), they open. What ion channel is this? | back 23 Voltage-gated ion channel |
front 24 This channel is stimulated from mechanical movement or stress | back 24 Mechanically gated ion channel |
front 25 This channel is activated when bound to another molecule. It can be both intracellular or extracellular. | back 25 Ligand-gated ion channels |
front 26 These neurotransmitters open nonselective cation channels allowing an influx of Na+ to depolarize the membrane. Usually taking multiple of these signals to do so. | back 26 Excitatory neurotransmitters |
front 27 These neurotransmitters open the Cl- channels to hyperpolarize the membrane (harder to make the neuron fire) | back 27 Inhibitory neurotransmitters |
front 28 Just know this fact I guess | back 28 the stronger the signal, the faster the firing |