5. The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against
a. capitalism.
b. new immigration laws passed in 1924.
c. the nativist movements that had their origins in the 1850s.
d. race riots.
e. the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture.

e

6. All of the following helped to make the prosperity of the 1920s possible EXCEPT
a. government stimulation of the economy.
b. rapid expansion of capital.
c. increased productivity of workers.
d. perfection of assembly-line production.
e. advertising and credit buying.

a

7. Although speakeasies and hard liquor flourished, historians argue that Prohibition wasn't entirely a failure for all
of the following reasons EXCEPT
a. bank savings increased.
b. absenteeism in the workplace decreased.
c. people consumed less alcohol overall.
d. crime levels decreased.
e. more people lived a sober lifestyle.

d

8. Charles Lindbergh's solo flight across the Atlantic made him an American hero especially because
a. his political principles were widely admired.
b. he and his wife Anne Morrow Lindbergh made such an appealing couple.
c. his wholesome youthfulness contrasted with the cynicism and debunking of the jazz age.
d. Americans were impressed by his boastful personality and awed by his recklessness.
e. Lindbergh's journey opened closer cultural connections to France.

c

9. The main problem faced by American manufacturers in the 1920s involved
a. increasing the level of production.
b. developing mass markets in America and overseas to create sufficient consumer demand for American
manufactured goods being produced during that decade at unprecedented production levels.
c. reducing the level of government involvement in business.
d. developing technologically innovative products.
e. Americans' unwillingness to buy on credit and tap their savings for mass consumer goods.

b

10. The first talkie motion picture was
a. The Great Train Robbery.
b. The Birth of a Nation.
c. The Wizard of Oz.
d. Gone with the Wind.
e. The Jazz Singer.

e

11. The leading cultural critic of the 1920s, H.L. Mencken, attacked all of the following EXCEPT
a. the South.
b. patriotism.
c. technology.
d. prohibition.
e. marriage.

c

12. The influential cultural film during the 1920s, Birth of a Nation by D.W. Griffith, stirred extensive protest by
African Americans because
a. the film was heavily financed by white racist Hollywood film business owners.
b. the film depicted the Black leader Marcus Garvey in an unfavorable light.
c. African Americans were not allowed to see the film even in northern movie theaters.
d. the film glorified the Ku Klux Klan and portrayed Black men as corrupt politicians or rapists.
e. Griffith failed to give credit to the civil rights advocacy work and Black intellectual leadership of W.E.B.
Du Bois.

d

13. Margaret Sanger was most noted for her advocacy of
a. abortion rights.
b. women's suffrage.
c. birth control.
d. free love.
e. equal pay for equal work.

c

14. The long-term outcome of the Scopes "Monkey Trial"
a. represented, at best, a hollow victory for Fundamentalism because it cast ridicule of the fundamentalist
cause and highlighted the dubious rationality of a relying on a literal theological reading of the Bible to
overturn the findings of modern science.
b. halted the trend of increasing numbers of Christians reconciling the asserted revelations of Christianity
with modern science.
c. was an unmitigated political and religious triumph of the fundamentalist Christian effort to deny the
increasing influence of modern science in American educational and cultural life.
d. permitted the gap between fundamentalist Christian theology and biology to narrow considerably.
e. reversed Fundamentalism's place as a vibrant force in American spiritual life.

a

15. Enforcement of the Volstead Act met the strongest resistance from
a. women.
b. foreign-born peoples who brought European styles of sociability with them when they emigrated to
America.
c. westerners and southerners.
d. businesspeople and labor leaders.
e. evangelical Protestants.

b

16. One of the primary obstacles to working class solidarity and organization in America was
a. ethnic diversity.
b. the lack of a reform impulse in America.
c. the generally fair treatment that workers received from their employers.
d. the hostility of the Catholic Church to social reform.
e. the growing Communist influence in the labor movement.

a

17. The cultural offerings of radio programs and motion pictures in the 1920s
a. were less popular than had been anticipated.
b. contributed to the standardization of American life.
c. affirmed and supported the rich diversity of traditional Old Country cultures and values.
d. were for the most part too expensive for ordinary working families.
e. strengthened American family life.

b

18. Jazz music was developed by
a. Latinos.
b. Caribbean immigrants.
c. Caucasian impresarios.
d. American teenagers.
e. Black Americans.

e

19. All of the following are true of Marcus Garvey, founder of the United Negro Improvement Association,
EXCEPT he
a. promoted the resettlement of Black Americans to Africa.
b. advocated the idea of developing an elite "talented tenth" to lead African American economic and social
progress and promote racial integration in the United States.
c. inspired strong feelings of self-confidence and self-reliance among Black people.
d. was convicted of mail fraud and deported by the U.S. government.
e. sponsored Black-owned business enterprises.

b

20. The Scopes "Monkey Trial" represented a tragic, embarrassing, and final political curtain call for prosecution
expert
a. Clarence Darrow.
b. William Jennings Bryan.
c. John Dewey.
d. Andrew Carnegie.
e. Reinhold Niebuhr.

b

21. During the 1920s and after, many American immigrant ethnic groups
a. rapidly assimilated into the mainstream of American life.
b. sought to escape urban poverty by migrating to rural areas.
c. lived in neighborhoods with their own churches or synagogues, newspapers, and theaters.
d. maintained a greater loyalty to the old country than to the United States.
e. sought political autonomy and official recognition by the U.S. government.

c

22. The religion of almost all Polish immigrants to America was
a. Eastern Orthodoxy.
b. Lutheranism.
c. evangelical Protestantism.
d. Roman Catholicism.
e. Judaism.

d

23. Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of
a. murder.
b. income-tax evasion.
c. kidnapping.
d. conspiracy to violate the prohibition laws.
e. running criminal prostitution rings.

b

24. Henry Ford's most distinctive contribution to the automobile industry was
a. installment credit buying of cars.
b. voluntarily permitting unions to organize in his auto plants and agreeing to negotiate a union contract with
the United Auto Workers (UAW) over wages, benefits, and worker safety issues.
c. introducing a variety of automobile models with varied colors and styles.
d. design changes that improved speed.
e. production of a standardized, relatively inexpensive automobile.

e

25. The 1920 census revealed that, for the first time, most
a. men worked in manufacturing.
b. adult women were employed outside the home.
c. Americans lived in cities.
d. Americans lived in the trans-Mississippi West.
e. families had fewer than four children.

c

26. The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated all of the following EXCEPT
a. immigration restrictions against "non-native" Americans.
b. anti-Semitism.
c. opposition to Prohibition.
d. repression of pacifists.
e. anti-Catholicism.

c

27. Among the major figures promoted by mass media image makers and the new sports industry in the 1920s were
a. John L. Sullivan and William Cody.
b. Henry Ford and Charles Lindbergh.
c. Babe Ruth and Jack Dempsey.
d. Al Jolson and Margaret Sanger.
e. Mickey Mantle and Rocky Marciano.

c

28. Car advertisements in the 1920s reached out to the mass market of American female consumers in all of the
following ways EXCEPT
a. showing them cars were respectable for women.
b. illustrating how automobiles could permit women to ignore their traditional duties as household managers
and advance their professional career goals and ambitions.
c. linking modern, independent women to automobiles.
d. noting that cars enabled women to better fulfill their roles as household managers.
e. demonstrating that women could indeed learn to drive.

b

29. The Ku Klux Klan nearly collapsed in the late 1920s when
a. the immigration restriction laws of the early 1920s were repealed.
b. the organization was publicly exposed as a corrupt and cynical racket.
c. the advent of radio led to a new level of public knowledge and tolerance.
d. the Klan proved unable to implement its program.
e. both political parties sharply criticized the Klan as un-American.

b

30. The Immigration Act of 1924 discriminated directly against
a. Canadians and West Indians.
b. northern and western Europeans.
c. Latin Americans.
d. Jews and Muslims.
e. Southern and Eastern Europeans and Japanese people.

e

31. Besides controlling the illegal liquor industry, American gangsters in the 1920s earned rich profits from which of
the following illegal enterprise(s)?
a. prostitution
b. gambling and loan sharking
c. labor racketeering
d. illegal drugs
e. All of these choices are correct.

e

32. The prosperity that developed in the 1920s
a. was accompanied by a foreboding cloud of consumer debt.
b. led to a growing level of savings by the American public.
c. enabled labor unions to gain strength.
d. was based on a steady and moderate rate of healthy economic growth that did not rely on excessive
consumer spending to sustain the prosperity during this decade.
e. closed the gap between rich and poor.

a

33. The American airline industry in the 1920s made most of its early profits through
a. mail contracts with the federal government.
b. passenger fares.
c. air freight and bulk cargo.
d. subsidies from state and local governments.
e. crop dusting and cloud seeding.

a

34. In response to the need to develop greater and greater mass markets for their products, American business in
the 1920s relied especially on the new techniques of
a. developing a large range of product variation.
b. price competition.
c. direct selling through catalogs and door-to-door solicitation.
d. consumer advertising.
e. government-backed guarantees of product performance.

d

35. To justify their new sexual frankness, many Americans pointed to
a. increased consumption of alcohol.
b. the decline of fundamentalism.
c. the rise of the women's movement.
d. the theories of Sigmund Freud.
e. the influence of erotically explicit movies.

d

36. Match each literary figure below with the correct work.
A. Ernest Hemingway 1. The Sun Also Rises
B. F. Scott Fitzgerald 2. Main Street
C. Sinclair Lewis 3. The Sound and the Fury
D. William Faulkner 4. The Great Gatsby
a. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
b. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
c. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
d. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
e. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

d

37. Job opportunities for women in the 1920s
a. expanded dramatically.
b. offered higher-paying positions than before.
c. were virtually nonexistent in cities, even in traditional women's fields such as teaching, secretarial work,
and nursing.
d. existed mainly in the area of education.
e. tended to cluster in a few low-paying fields.

e

38. John Dewey can rightly be called the "father of ____."
a. Social Darwinism
b. progressive education
c. evolutionary science
d. psychoanalysis
e. Hegelian philosophy

b

39. Which of the following people was NOT among prominent African American cultural figures of the 1920s?
a. Joseph "King" Oliver
b. Ralph Ellison
c. "Jelly Roll" Morton
d. Langston Hughes
e. W.C. Handy

b

40. The most tenacious pursuer of radical elements during the red scare of the early 1920s was
a. Frederick W. Taylor.
b. William Jennings Bryan.
c. Eugene Debs.
d. Robert La Follette.
e. A. Mitchell Palmer.

e

41. During the 1920s, the new system of buying on credit resulted in all of the following EXCEPT
a. transforming once frugal Americans into consumers of cars, radios, and other durable goods.
b. leading many Americans to exemplify the slogan "possess today and pay tomorrow" in their consumer
spending habits.
c. stimulating of economic growth in the country.
d. creating massive amounts of consumer debt.
e. providing a fundamental and solid basis for sustainable long-term prosperity in the nation.

e

42. Many Polish peasants learned about America from all of the following sources EXCEPT
a. agents from U.S. railroads.
b. letters from friends and relatives.
c. agents from steamship lines.
d. Protestant missionaries.
e. Polish-American businesspeople.

d

43. The zeal of federal agents in enforcing prohibition laws against liquor smugglers strained U.S. diplomatic
relations with
a. Canada.
b. Mexico.
c. the Dominican Republic.
d. Spain.
e. Ireland.

a

44. Businesspeople used the red scare to
a. oppose enactment of the American plan.
b. break the backs of fledgling unions.
c. campaign for the enactment of the "closed" shop.
d. secure passage of laws making unions legal.
e. reduce prices on consumer goods for Americans.

b

45. With 5 million members at its peak in the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan was known for all of the following EXCEPT
a. secret rituals.
b. lack of support in the Midwest and the Bible Belt.
c. flag-waving parades.
d. the blazing cross.
e. the bloodied lash.

b

46. Which of the following was NOT among the industries that prospered mightily with widespread use of the
automobile?
a. rubber
b. highway construction
c. oil
d. railroads
e. glass

d

47. Cultural pluralists like Horace Kallen and Randolph Bourne generally advocated that
a. Spanish and German should be recognized as official languages of the United States along with English.
b. "one hundred percent Americanization" of all Southern and Eastern European immigrants was necessary
for America to retain its democratic and cosmopolitan culture.
c. immigrants to the United States could and should remain politically loyal to their original nations.
d. immigrants should be able to retain their traditional cultures rather than blend into a single American
melting pot.
e. the full-fledged preservation of ethnic identity and cross-fertilization among immigrants were both
unhealthy and dangerous cultural trends that threatened to the long-term health and democratic nature of
America.

d

48. Disillusioned by war and peace, Americans in the 1920s did all of the following EXCEPT
a. denounce radical foreign ideas.
b. condemn un-American lifestyles.
c. struggle to achieve economic prosperity.
d. shun diplomatic commitments to foreign countries.
e. restrict immigration.

c

49. The automobile revolution resulted in all of the following EXCEPT
a. the consolidation of schools.
b. the increased dependence of women on men.
c. the spread of suburbs.
d. a loss of population in less attractive states.
e. altered youthful sexual behavior.

b

50. The “red scare” of 1919-1920 was provoked by
a. the wartime migration of rural Blacks to northern cities.
b. urban immigrants' resistance to prohibition.
c. public anger at evolutionary science's challenge to the biblical story of the Creation.
d. the public's fear that labor troubles were sparked by communist and anarchist revolutionaries.
e. Russian Communism's threat to American security.

d

51. The Harlem Renaissance can best be described as
a. a celebration of Black culture and creative expression of a prominent and vibrant Black community in the
North.
b. the migration of Southern Blacks to northern sections of New York City.
c. the movement led by Marcus Garvey.
d. the effort to resist racism and segregation in the North.
e. None of these choices are correct.

a

52. The most spectacular and deadly example of lawlessness and gangsterism in the 1920s was in
a. San Francisco.
b. New Orleans.
c. Boston.
d. Chicago.
e. Las Vegas.

d