front 1 which function of the reproductive system is solely a function of the female reproductive system? | back 1 d. development and nourishment of a new individual |
front 2 what are the female gametes? | back 2 a. oocytes |
front 3 the location of the testes and epidiymides in the scrotum | back 3 c. provides a temperature that is suitable for normal sperm development |
front 4 contraction of the cremaster and dartos muscles | back 4 c. pull the testes closer to the body |
front 5 optimum temperature for sperm production is 3 degrees cooler than body temperature. in which of the following locations would the testes produce the most sperm? | back 5 a. scrotal sac |
front 6 which of the following structures is located with the perineum? | back 6 d. urogenital triangle |
front 7 Sperm are produced in the | back 7 c. seminiferous tubules |
front 8 the thick white capsule that covers each testes is called the | back 8 c. tunica albuginea |
front 9 which of the following hormones is produced by the testis? | back 9 a. testosterone |
front 10 the interstitial cells or Leydig cells | back 10 e. secrete testosterone |
front 11 the opening in the abdominal wall through which he testes descend is the | back 11 c. inguinal canal |
front 12 male infants can be born with an undescended testis. this means that the testis | back 12 d. remains in the abdominopelvic cavity |
front 13 the sustentacular cells | back 13 c. provide nourishment for development of sperm |
front 14 the blood-testis barrier | back 14 d. isolates sperm cells from the immune system |
front 15 which of the following substances found in sustentacular cells may be the active hormones that promote sperm cell formation? | back 15 c. dihydrotestosterone and estrogen |
front 16 which of the following cell types is formed at the end of the first meiotic division? | back 16 d. secondary spermatocyte |
front 17 which of the following cell types is diploid? | back 17 c. primary spermatocyte |
front 18 what process converts a spermatid to a mature sperm cell? | back 18 a. spermatogenesis |
front 19 what structure contains enzymes needed by a sperm to penetrate an oocyte? | back 19 a. acrosome |
front 20 which of the following structures would be found in the spermatic cord? | back 20 b. ductus defernes |
front 21 which portion of the sperm cell is most involved with penetration of the female sex cell? | back 21 b. acrosome |
front 22 sperm are produced in the ____ and complete maturation in the ____ | back 22 d. seminiferous tubules, epididymis |
front 23 a primary spermatocyte is a diploid cell that gives rise to two secondary spermatocytes after the first meiotic division. the primary speratocyte has | back 23 b. 46 chromosomes |
front 24 which of the following is mismatched? | back 24 d. stereocilia-forms sperm tails |
front 25 smooth muscle contractions help to propel sperm in the | back 25 b. ductus deferens |
front 26 the duct from the seminal vesicle joins the ductus deferens to form the | back 26 d. ejaculatory duct |
front 27 arrange the following structures in the order sperm would pass through them from the seminiferous tubules to the urethra | back 27 e. 5, 2, 3, 1, 4 |
front 28 the ductus deferens | back 28 d. passes through the inguinal canal and enters the pelvic cavity |
front 29 the male urethra | back 29 b. extends through the length of the penis |
front 30 in males, both urine and male reproductive fluids travel through | back 30 b. urethra |
front 31 circumcision is the surgical removal of the | back 31 a. prepuce |
front 32 erection of the penis occurs when | back 32 d. penile erectile tissue becomes engorged with blood |
front 33 the spongy urethra is surrounded by the | back 33 c. corpus spongiosum |
front 34 which of the following statements is false | back 34 a. the seminal vesicles open into the membranous urethra |
front 35 the accessory glands located near the membranous urethra are the | back 35 c. bulbourethral glands |
front 36 semen is | back 36 c. sperm cells plus the secretions of accessory glands |
front 37 most of the seminal fluid is produced | back 37 b. by the seminal vesicles |
front 38 discharge of semen into the prostatic urethra is called | back 38 b. emission |
front 39 the forceful expulsion of semen from the urethra caused by contraction of smooth muscle in the urethra and skeletal muscle surrounding the base of the penis is called | back 39 a. ejaculation |
front 40 which of the following glands is correctly matched with its function | back 40 a. seminal vesicles- provide nutrients for sperm |
front 41 given the following glands, choose the arrangement that represents the order in which the glands release their secretions to form semen. | back 41 c. 3, 1, 2 |
front 42 which of the following substances found in semen is mismatched with its function | back 42 d. prostaglandins- cause urethral contractions |
front 43 the longest portion of the male urethra is | back 43 c. spongy urethra |
front 44 the penis consists of ____ columns of erectile tissue | back 44 b. three |
front 45 which of the following is mismatched | back 45 b. corpora cavernosa- forms the foreskin |
front 46 which of the following substances are found in the secretions of the prostate gland? | back 46 c. fibrinolysin and clotting factors |
front 47 the secretions produced by the prostate gland | back 47 d. constitute about 30% of the semen |
front 48 a blood test for the prostate- specific antigen (PSA) is useful in the diagnosis of | back 48 c. prostatic cancer |
front 49 a pituitary tumor interferes with FSH secretion. how could the effect a male? | back 49 b. he would not produce sperm |
front 50 Luteinizing hormone (LH) binds to interstitial cells and | back 50 e. increases testosteorne production by the Leydig cells |
front 51 a lack of testosterone production before birth would | back 51 a. inhibit normal development of male reproductive structures |
front 52 once GnRH is released from the hypothalamus and enters the hypothalamohypophysial portal system | back 52 d. FSH and LH secretion will occur |
front 53 which of the following hormones stimulates the synthesis of testosterone by the fetal testes? | back 53 a. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
front 54 what is the active hormone in target tissues of testosterone such as the penis | back 54 d. dihydrotestosterone |
front 55 the major factor controlling the onset of puberty in males is | back 55 d. the hypothalamus becoming less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of androgens |
front 56 which of the following statements concerning testosterone is true? | back 56 c. it can lead to an increase in muscle mass |
front 57 which of the following effects on the body can not be attributed to testosterone | back 57 d. increased calcium excretion |
front 58 which of the following is not an age-related change in the male reproductive system? | back 58 d. decline of sperm production until no more sperm are produced |
front 59 which of the following is not an age-related change of the female reproductive system? | back 59 d. decreased incidence of breast cancer |
front 60 the contraceptive method in which the penis is removed from the vagina just before ejaculation is called | back 60 c. coitus interruptus |
front 61 the contraceptive method that not only prevents fertilization but also provides protection against sexually transmitted disease is | back 61 a. the condom |
front 62 which of the following can cause infertility in femaleS? | back 62 c. blockage of the uterine tubes |
front 63 in an ectopic pregnancy, | back 63 b. implantation does not occur in the uterus |
front 64 the female climacteric refers to the | back 64 b. time from the onset of irregular menstrual cycles to cessation of those cycles |
front 65 hot flashes during the climacteric are thought to be results of decreased ____ levels | back 65 c. estrogen and progesterone |
front 66 which of the following hormones is detected by over-the-counter pregnancy kits? | back 66 d. human chorionic gonadotropin |
front 67 implantation | back 67 b. normally occurs in the uterus |
front 68 fertilization usually occurs in the _____ while fetal development occurs in the ______ | back 68 b. uterine tube, uterus |
front 69 the corpus luteum | back 69 e. degenerates into the corpus alibicans if pregnancy does not occur, is absolutely necessary during the first three months of pregnancy, and produces mostly progesterone, but also some estrogen |
front 70 the placenta produces both | back 70 a. estrogen and progesterone |
front 71 the ovum is viable for _____ hours following ovulation | back 71 c. 24 |
front 72 spermatozoa may remain viable in the female reproductive tract for as long as | back 72 e. 144 hours |
front 73 fertilization can only occur | back 73 b. when a sperm cell penetrates a secondary oocyte |
front 74 during the female sex act, | back 74 a. the clitoris becomes engorged with blood |
front 75 sexual drives in females | back 75 d. is dependent on hormones, can be affected by psychological factors, is influenced by androgens that affect the hypothalamus |
front 76 assume a couple has just completed intercourse and sperm have been deposited in the woman's reproductive tract. trace the pathway of the sperm through the female reproductive tract to the point where fertilization will most likely occur | back 76 b. 4, 1, 3, 2 |
front 77 normally, menstruation occurs when | back 77 e. blood levels of both female hormones decrease rapidly |
front 78 menstrual cramps are most commonly caused by | back 78 increased prostaglandin secretions |
front 79 which of the following statements is false? | back 79 rising progesterone levels cause the myometrium to contract |
front 80 which of the following events happens after ovulation? | back 80 a negative feedback effect on GnRH |
front 81 progesterone | back 81 d. causes cellular hypertrophy in the endometrium |
front 82 during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, you would normally expect | back 82 c. the highest levels of progesterone that occur during the menstrual cycle |
front 83 the gradual increase in estrogen secretion during the follicular phase is the result of | back 83 b. granulosa cells coverting androgens to estrogen |
front 84 which of the listed evens occurs last? | back 84 c. ovulation occurs |
front 85 the hormone hCG is necessary to | back 85 d. keep the corpus luteum from degenerating |
front 86 FSH | back 86 b. primarily effects granulosa cells |
front 87 FSH can make the follicle cells more sensitive to LH by increasing | back 87 c. LH receptors |
front 88 the androgens produced by the theca interna cells are converted to estrogen by | back 88 c. granulosa cells |
front 89 shortly after ovulation, | back 89 a. the granulosa cells become corpus luteum cells |
front 90 the hypothalamic hormone that regulates both male and female reproductive cycles is | back 90 c. GnRH |
front 91 which of the following events is caused by LH? | back 91 a. stimulation of the theca interna cells to produce androgens |
front 92 one hormone responsible for initiating the development of follicles | back 92 c. FSH |
front 93 the LH surge initiates | back 93 b. ovulation |
front 94 which of the following events in the menstrual cycle occur at the same time? | back 94 d. uterine wall begins to thicken and increased estrogen production by the follicles |
front 95 the average menstrual cycle is about ____ days long; ovulation occurs on about day ___ | back 95 b. 28; 14 |
front 96 the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is characterized by | back 96 b. rapid development of ovarian follicles |
front 97 the menstrual cycle can be divided into three continuous phases. starting from the first day of the cycle, their consecutive order is | back 97 a. menses, proliferative, secretory |
front 98 which of the following statements concerning the female mammary glands is true? | back 98 e. all of these choices are correct |
front 99 puberty in a female is characterized by | back 99 a. fat deposition in the breasts and around the hips |
front 100 menarche refers to | back 100 d. the first episode of menstrual bleeding |
front 101 both the vagina and the urethra open into a space called the | back 101 c. vestibule |
front 102 the secretory sacs of the mammary glands are known as the | back 102 b. alveoli |
front 103 frequently during childbirth, an episiotomy is performed. in this procedure the ____ is cut | back 103 b. perineum |
front 104 which of the following is a function of the vagina? | back 104 b. reception of penis during intercourse |
front 105 which of the following portions of the vulva is most superior? | back 105 b. mons pubis |
front 106 which of the following pairs is mismatched? | back 106 d. mons pubis- vaginal orfice |
front 107 which of the following statements concerning the uterine tube is true? | back 107 b. the oocyte is moved along the tube by peristaltic contractions of the muscular layer |
front 108 the layer of the uterine wall that is shed during menstruation is the | back 108 d. endometrium |
front 109 which of the following pairs is correctly matched? | back 109 b. broad ligaments- helps support the uterus |
front 110 trace the pathway of an egg as it passes through the uterine tube | back 110 d. 2, 3, 1, 4, |
front 111 a pap test is used to detect | back 111 c. cervical cancer |
front 112 the cervix is a portion of the | back 112 e. uterus |
front 113 the corpus luteum is a gland that | back 113 e. forms from a Graafian follicle after ovulation and secretes mainly progesterone |
front 114 which of the following follicular stages is the last to appear? | back 114 a. corpus albicans |
front 115 which of the following statements concerning the uterus is true? | back 115 a. the inferior portion is the cervix |
front 116 fertilization occurs when the | back 116 d. nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the sperm cell unite |
front 117 zygote is the term used to describe the | back 117 d. fertilized oocyte |
front 118 follicles in the ovary that are never ovulated | back 118 a. undergo atersia |
front 119 the release of the secondary oocyte from the ovary is called | back 119 a. ovulation |
front 120 which of the following is produced in the ovary and then leaves the ovary? | back 120 c. secondary oocyte |
front 121 the secondary oocyte completes the second meiotic division when | back 121 b. it is penetrated by a sperm cell |
front 122 as a secondary follicle enlarges | back 122 c. a theca or capsule is formed around it |
front 123 in a mature follicle, the oocyte lies in a mass of follicular cells called the | back 123 d. cumulus mass |
front 124 a follicle containing a secondary oocyte and a single fluid filled antrum is called a ____ follicle | back 124 b. Graafian or mature |
front 125 of the two million primary oocytes in the ovaries at birth, only about ____ are ovulated | back 125 b. 400 |
front 126 a primary oocyte with a single layer of granulosa cells is most appropriately called | back 126 a. a primordial follicle |
front 127 a primary follicle contains | back 127 c. several layers of granulosa cells |
front 128 the ovaries and uterus are held in position within the pelvis by bands of tissue called | back 128 d. ligaments |
front 129 the ovary is attached to the superior margin of the uterus by the | back 129 c. ovarian ligament |
front 130 the ovary is surronded by a capsule of fibrous connective tissue called the | back 130 b. tunica albuginea |
front 131 arrange the following events in correct sequence | back 131 b. 2,3,1 |
front 132 which of the following events in the male sex act occurs last and results in ejaculation? | back 132 b. contractions of skeletal muscle at the base of the penis |
front 133 what is the role of NO (nitric oxide) in the male sex act? | back 133 a. dilation of blood vessels in the penis |
front 134 which of the following events occurs in an erection? | back 134 b. engorgement of erectile tissue of penis with blood |
front 135 impotence occurs when | back 135 c. an erection cannot be achieved or maintained |
front 136 arrange the following events in the correct sequence | back 136 c. 3,2,1 |
front 137 which of the following hormones would decrease if an adult male were castrated? | back 137 d. testosterone |
front 138 following ejaculation, a phase called resolution occurs. during resolution | back 138 b. a feeling of satisfaction occurs |
front 139 erection and ejaculation can be initiated by | back 139 a. manual stimulation of the penis |