front 1 Microbiology | back 1 A branch of biology studying microscopic forms of life (as bacteria, protozoans, viruses, and fungi). |
front 2 Pathogens | back 2 Microbes that cause disease |
front 3 Bacteria | back 3 single-celled spherical or spiral or rod-shaped prokaryotic organisms that reproduce by fission |
front 4 Virus | back 4 A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell. |
front 5 Antibiotics | back 5 Drugs that block the growth and reproduction of bacteria |
front 6 Protozoa | back 6 animal-like protists |
front 7 Antibodies | back 7 Y-shaped Proteins that attach to antigens, calling over white blood cells to get rid of the pathogen |
front 8 White Blood Cells | back 8 Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms in the immune system |
front 9 Epidemic | back 9 outbreak of a rapidly spreading disease |
front 10 Pandemic | back 10 A worldwide outbreak of disease. |
front 11 Antibiotic resistance | back 11 when a bacterium no longer is affected or killed by an antibiotic; ex. a "superbug" |
front 12 COVID-19 | back 12 COronaVIrus Disease from 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2 |
front 13 SARS-CoV-2 | back 13 severe acute respiratory syndrome corona VIRUS #2 that causes COVID-19 |
front 14 MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) | back 14 Infection that is resistant to certain antibiotics; commonly found on the skin and starts as small, red bumps |
front 15 Alexander Fleming | back 15 discovered Penicillin |
front 16 Antigen | back 16 A protein found on cells and viruses that triggers the production of an antibody |
front 17 gram negative | back 17 Describing the group of bacteria that have a cell wall that contains less peptidoglycan (thinner yet complex) |
front 18 gram positive | back 18 Describing the group of bacteria that have a cell wall that contains more peptidoglycan (thicker yet simpler) |
front 19 microorganism | back 19 a small organism that you need the help of a microscope to view it |
front 20 petri dish | back 20 a shallow dish used to culture bacteria |
front 21 Agar | back 21 a gel-like substance used for culturing (growing) microbes; extracted from certain seaweed |
front 22 colony | back 22 a visible group of millions of bacteria growing on a solid medium, coming from from a single microorganism |
front 23 Bacillus | back 23 Rod shaped bacteria |
front 24 Cocci | back 24 spherical shaped bacteria |
front 25 Spirilli | back 25 spiral shaped bacteria |
front 26 Anaerobic | back 26 bacteria that do not require oxygen to survive; ex. in gums |
front 27 Aerobic | back 27 Bacteria that require oxygen for survival |
front 28 Archaea | back 28 One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria; related closer to eukaryotes; extremeophiles |
front 29 bacterium | back 29 singular form of bacteria |
front 30 capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane | back 30 3 outer layers of bacteria cells from out to in |
front 31 peptidoglycan | back 31 A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes the cell walls of bacteria rigid; archaea do not have any |
front 32 vaccine | back 32 preventative substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and introduced into a body to produce immunity |
front 33 examples of bacteria | back 33 Salmonella, E Coli, Listeria |
front 34 examples of plant-like protists | back 34 diatoms, phytoplankton, algae |
front 35 examples of protozoa | back 35 amoeba, paramecium, euglena |
front 36 examples of microscopic fungi | back 36 yeast, mold, ringworm |
front 37 zone of inhibition | back 37 Region around an antiseptic chemical saturated disc, where bacteria are unable to grow |
front 38 binary fission | back 38 A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
front 39 scientific name | back 39 The name given to each species, consisting of its Genus and its species label; ex. Staphylococcus aureus |
front 40 incubator | back 40 An apparatus in which petri dishes are kept warm for optimal microbe growth |
front 41 examples of viruses | back 41 herpes, influenza, Zika |
front 42 Pasteurization | back 42 treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens |
front 43 safranin | back 43 Pink colored stain used in gram stain for gram-negative |
front 44 crystal violet | back 44 purple colored stain in gram staining for gram-positive |