front 1 To study fear, a neuroscientist connects Natividad to an electroencephalograph (EEG) and then shows her a brief movie of scary animals. These include wasps, snakes, and alligators. He then observes as Natividad shows activation in her amygdala. At which level of analysis has this scientist made his observations?
| back 1 physiology |
front 2 In science, a possible explanation that can be tested through research is called a ________.
| back 2 hypothesis |
front 3 Dr. Shaw is researching marital behaviors that predict divorce. He trains his students to observe and code videotapes of couples interacting. The students are looking for specific types of behaviors but they are unaware of the anticipated outcomes of the study. In this regard, the students are being ________.
| back 3 kept blind to the research hypothesis. |
front 4 Since Miguel was kind to homeless people, his girlfriend became kind to them as well. Miguel used his ______ to change her attitude and behavior.
| back 4 social influence |
front 5 What is the term for our opinions, feelings, and beliefs about others?
| back 5 attitudes |
front 6 Shortly after she gets to her new college 2,500 miles from home, Tomasa goes to the school's activity fair to find some groups to join. She immediately signs up to audition for two different musical clubs, which are her interest. Her desire to join these groups may help to satisfy her need to _______.
| back 6 belong |
front 7 Jacinta believes that people who are military veterans are all brave, honorable, and respectable. She tends to treat them with an enhanced sense of consideration, and thanks them for their service whenever she can. These beliefs represent a(n) ________ that Jacinta has for veterans.
| back 7 attitude |
front 8 By what trait do we judge our friends’ attractiveness?
| back 8 personality |
front 9 A research ________ is a person who works with or for the researcher, and who poses as a participant or bystander. Sometimes they have instructions to behave a certain way to see how the actual participant will respond.
| back 9 confound |
front 10 Vicenta is looking at a book at the local library when Daina brushes past her, gently pushing Vicenta backward. "Wow, she is very rude," Vicenta thinks. This is an example of social ________, which occurs when we make educated guesses about the efforts or motives of another person.
| back 10 attribution |
front 11 When you are explaining the behavior of others, you are making ______.
| back 11 social attributes |
front 12 The study of ________, which is a major topic of focus for social psychologists, examines the psychological processes involved in having a sexual interest in another person.
| back 12 attraction |
front 13 What is the highest level of analysis in psychology? | back 13 culture and the environment |
front 14 After watching his father open the door hundreds of times, the preschooler was able to do it as well. The child used ______learning to gain the new skill. ' | back 14 Observational |
front 15 The psychological process of being sexually interested in another person is known as ______ | back 15 Attraction |
front 16 Rueben is in a biology class and the professor tells the students to find a lab partner. Rueben immediately approaches an Asian classmate because Rueben believes that all Asian students are naturally gifted in mathematics and science. Ruben's mental shortcut is an example of a(n) ________. | back 16 Stereotype |
front 17 The sergeant expected his soldiers to listen and follow his every direction. He demanded ______ from them. | back 17 obedience |
front 18 The decision to follow the orders or requests of people who have authority of you is called ________. | back 18 Obedience |
front 19 Devin is interviewing candidates to work at the cash register in his convenience store. When Margaret applies, she indicates on her application that she has been in rehab for a drug addiction and that she has been clean and sober for over 3 years. Devin decides not to hire her, because he thinks that people with drug habits are not trustworthy. Devin is demonstrating a ________. | back 19 prejudice |
front 20 Jacinta beliefs that people who are military veterans are all brave, honorable, and respectable. She tends to treat them with an enhanced sense of consideration, and thanks them for their service whenever she can. These beliefs represent a(n) ________ that Jacinta has for veterans. | back 20 Attitude |
front 21 Vicenta is looking at a book at the local library when Daina brushes past her, gently pushing Vicenta backward. "Wow, she is very rude," Vicenta thinks. This is an example of social ________, which occurs when we make educated guesses about the efforts or motives of another person. | back 21 Attitude |
front 22 A background variable about an individual such as race, gender, or socioeconomic status is considered what kind of variable? | back 22 participant variable |
front 23 A researcher waited at the library and counted how many people held the door for someone behind them. What type of design is this study? | back 23 naturalistic observation |
front 24 One commonly used test of nonconscious bias is the | back 24 implicit association test |
front 25 The variable that gets manipulated in an experimental study is known as the | back 25 independent variable |
front 26 Josue wants to know which bathroom stall people are most likely to use. He asks his school’s IRB if he can set up a camera in the bathroom to secretly record the users’ behaviors. Why should the IRB deny Josue’s request? | back 26 He is violating the participants’ privacy |
front 27 Abigail is researching US presidents by reviewing their campaign speeches and letters. She is conducting which type of research? | back 27 archival research |
front 28 In social psychological studies involving deception, sometimes a person who appears to be a participant is actually working for the researcher. What is this person called? | back 28 confederate |
front 29 Researchers rarely need to obtain informed consent when they are conducting what type of study? | back 29 naturalistic observation |
front 30 Martha measured the amount of food people ate while sitting alone or while sitting in a group. What is the dependent variable in her study? | back 30 amount of food consumed |
front 31 In ______, participants are notified by technology several times a day to complete a survey. | back 31 experience sampling |
front 32 Which of the following is NOT a difficulty in studying social categorization? | back 32 People must be in negative moods to engage in social categorization |
front 33 EEG studies reveal what about social categorization (SC)? | back 33 SC is an automatic process |
front 34 How is social neuroscience similar to neuroscience? | back 34 Both use the same measures (e.g., fMRI, EEG). |
front 35 How is EEG research conducted? | back 35 Electrode caps measure the electrical activity of the brain |
front 36 What social category might be part of a first impression? | back 36 She is a woman. |
front 37 What effects does chronic stress have on people? | back 37 It impairs attention, memory, and self-control. |
front 38 Why might interacting with outgroup members increase stress responses? | back 38 People worry that they will seem prejudiced if the interaction goes poorly. |
front 39 The field of ________ emphasizes methods that focus on the brain to understand how we think and act toward other people. | back 39 social neuroscience |
front 40 Paris has just found out that her company is downsizing their staff and that she is highly likely to lose her job at any moment. Her heartbeat is increasing, she feels warm, and she has to take several deep breaths to try to calm down. The part of her body that is currently 'speeding her up' is called the ________ nervous system. | back 40 sympathetic |
front 41 When Lev is out to lunch at a restaurant he sees a woman with very short hair, facial piercings, and several tattoos. He thinks to himself, "She must be into motorcycles." Lev has engaged in the process of __________. | back 41 social categorization |
front 42 When a person makes an assumption that all members of a specific group of people must share some common attribute, ability, or feature, (s)he is engaging in ________. | back 42 a stereotype |
front 43 The fMRI study on “mentalizing” found that judging happiness ______. | back 43 was linked to activation of the medial prefrontal cortex |
front 44 When Surita sees a man walking around the shopping mall in December and notices that he is very robust, has a long white beard, and wears thin rimmed eyeglasses, she immediately assumes that he is a Santa Claus actor taking a break; she is engaging in a(n) _________ process. | back 44 Automatic |
front 45 How is research involving cortisol conducted? | back 45 Saliva and blood samples are analyzed |
front 46 ________, which involves imitation of other peoples' behaviors or feelings, might help us understand other people better. | back 46 Simulation |
front 47 Stress produces a ______response | back 47 fight or flight |
front 48 How is social neuroscience similar to social psychology? | back 48 Both involve the study of the same topics. |
front 49 According to Leon Festinger’s Social Comparison Theory, humans have a basic need for ______, which is why they use social comparison. | back 49 Self-evaluation |
front 50 All but which of the following are goals that would be considered mastery goals | back 50 Wanting to get an “A” in French class |
front 51 "I may not live in the biggest house in the city, but at least I'm not homeless like some other unfortunate people!" If this use of downward comparison makes a person feel better about their own situation, it demonstrates the ________ effect | back 51 self-enhancement |
front 52 Which of the following is a potential negative effect of using downward social comparisons? | back 52 scorn |
front 53 When people mentally compare themselves to others in order to understand their own abilities, they are using ______ | back 53 social comparison |
front 54 Janine loves to play chess but she is only a beginner. The members of her chess club laugh when she suggests her opening moves are similar to those of Kasparov, one of the greatest players of all time. Janine's social comparison is really unusual, since there is no ________ to the figure to which she is comparing herself. | back 54 similarity |
front 55 Duncan is aware that he does not have any skill at golf; in fact, he can barely swing a club! He watches the Ryder Cup and sees the amazing skill of the professional golfers. He doesn’t care much about the game and is not motivated to work on his own golf swing. Duncan does not really compare himself to the professional golfers because golf lacks ________ to him | back 55 relevance |
front 56 Hana is a 10-year-old soccer goalkeeper. When she considers how her skills compare to the older and more advanced goalies, she is using _____ | back 56 upward comparison |
front 57 According to the ______ model, several psychological forces, including closeness to the comparison target, affect our self-esteem. | back 57 self-evaluation maintenance |
front 58 The process by which people understand their own ability or standing by mentally contrasting themselves against others is called social ________. | back 58 Comparison |
front 59 Which correlation coefficient is the strongest? | back 59 -.40 |
front 60 Related to the stress response | back 60 HPA Axis |
front 61 Active when people think of themselves | back 61 Medial prefrontal cortex |
front 62 An EEG study showed that ( ) happens quickly | back 62 Social categorization |
front 63 Which is NOT part of the HPA axis system for stress | back 63 Amygdala |
front 64 A person’s answer to the question | back 64 “Who am I” comprises his or her, Social concept |
front 65 Social actor | back 65 Traits and roles |
front 66 Narrative | back 66 Autobiographical |
front 67 Leon Festinger | back 67 Who said: We have a need for self-evaluation, so we compare ourselves to others |
front 68 The characteristic is relevant to our self-concept | back 68 We are more likely to make social comparisons when |
front 69 Impact bias | back 69 We overestimate the strength of our emotional response to an imagined event |
front 70 Explicit | back 70 Education and persuasion tend to change what type of attitudes |
front 71 Stereotypes | back 71 Beliefs about social groups |
front 72 chemistry/dna | back 72 Most specific level of analysis |
front 73 Periolus | back 73 Our social institutions are often powerful but sometimes |
front 74 Theory | back 74 An integrated set of principles that can explain/predict observed events |