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Campbell Biology Ch 30 PT MB

front 1

Which of the following adaptations is common to all seed plants?
A)reduced gametophytes
B)pollen
C)heterospory
D)ovules
E)All of the listed responses are correct.

back 1

E)All of the listed responses are correct.

front 2

Which one of the following is true of seed plants, but NOT true of seedless plants?
A)The sporophyte is large, and the gametophyte is small and independent.
B)The gametophyte is reduced and dependent on the sporophyte.
C)A film of water is necessary for sperm to come in contact with eggs.
D)The spore is the main means of dispersing the offspring.
E)The sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte.

back 2

B)The gametophyte is reduced and dependent on the sporophyte.

front 3

The diploid generation of the plant life cycle always _____.
A)is called the gametophyte
B)produces spores
C)produces eggs and sperm
D)is larger and more conspicuous than the haploid stage
E)develops from a spore

back 3

B)produces spores

front 4

The closest seedless relatives of seed plants produce one kind of spore that gives rise to a bisexual gametophyte. What does this suggest about the ancestors of seed plants?
A)They produced separate male and female gametophytes.
B)They were homosporous.
C)They were heterosporous.
D)They were bryophytes.
E)They were gymnosperms

back 4

B)They were homosporous.

front 5

The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules, and the ovules then develop into _____.
A)ovaries
B)spores
C)fruit
D)gametophytes
E)seeds

back 5

E)seeds

front 6

The cells within pollen grains are _____ and together comprise the _____.
A)diploid ... sperm nuclei
B)haploid ... spores
C)diploid ... a new sporophyte
D)haploid ... male gametophyte
E)diploid ... spores

back 6

D)haploid ... male gametophyte

front 7

Which example below is evidence provided by living gymnosperms of an evolutionary transition between seedless and seed plants?
A)The sperm of some gymnosperms have flagella.
B)Some gymnosperms do not have reduced gametophytes.
C)Gymnosperms only have one integument.
D)The sperm of gymnosperms do not require water or mobility for fertilization.
E)In gymnosperms, two sperm are discharged into the pollen tube.

back 7

A)The sperm of some gymnosperms have flagella.

Although the sperm of seed plants do not require water or mobility, some gymnosperm sperm still retain the ancient flagellated condition.

front 8

Seeds have advantages over spores. Which of the following is the best statement of this?
A)Seeds are single cells, demanding fewer nutrients from the parent plants.
B)Most seeds are poisonous; therefore, they are not consumed by animals and persist in the environment for long periods of time.
C)Seeds can survive for extended periods of time at reduced metabolic rates.
D)Seeds can survive even in conditions that are unfavorable for the parent plants.
E)Seeds contain embryonic plants, an abundant food supply, and a protective covering.

back 8

E)Seeds contain embryonic plants, an abundant food supply, and a protective covering.
A seed contains a multicellular, well-developed young plant, with embryonic root, stem, and one or more leaves. The seed contains an abundant food supply, nourishing the plant from germination to self-sufficiency. It is protected by a resistant seed coat. Both spores and seeds can live for extended periods of time under harsh conditions, germinating when conditions allow.

front 9

Which gymnosperm phylum below is characterized by large cones and fern-like leaves and thrived during the Mesozoic?
A)Cycadophyta
B)Gnetophyta
C)Anthopyta
D)Ginkgophyta
E)Coniferophyta

back 9

A)Cycadophyta

front 10

Dietary supplements and decongestants containing ephedrine have recently become more strongly regulated in the United States. Ephedrine is an extract of a plant belonging to which phylum?
A)phylum Cycadophyta
B)phylum Coniferophyta
C)phylum Gnetophyta
D)phylum Ginkgophyta
E)phylum Anthopyta

back 10

C)phylum Gnetophyta

front 11

What significant change occurred on Earth between the Carboniferous period and the Permian period that most likely contributed to the success of the gymnosperms?
A)The climate became drier and warmer.
B)An asteroid hit Earth, leading to mass extinctions that made way for gymnosperms to take over lands where other plants had perished.
C)The breakup of Pangaea changed the flora and fauna of Earth dramatically.
D)Reptiles decreased in diversity and were replaced with amphibians better adapted for seed dispersal.
E)Insects developed flight.

back 11

A)The climate became drier and warmer.

front 12

What is located in the scalelike structures packed densely in pollen cones?
A)sporangia
B)sporophytes
C)developing pollen tubes
D)megasporocytes
E)developing seedlings

back 12

A)sporangia

front 13

Each pollen grain of a gymnosperm contains a _____.
A)male gametophyte
B)progymnosperm
C)fertilized ovule
D)microsporocyte
E)megasporocyte

back 13

A)male gametophyte

front 14

In ovulate cones, megasporocytes undergo _____ and produce _____ megaspores.
A)meiosis ... haploid
B)meiosis ... diploid
C)mitosis ... haploid
D)mitosis ... diploid
E)Depending on environmental conditions, any of the listed responses may occur.

back 14

A)meiosis ... haploid

front 15

In a typical conifer, how long does it take for fertilization to occur after pollination?
A)It takes three years.
B)Pollination occurs after fertilization.
C)It takes one year.
D)The processes are simultaneous.
E)It takes one season.

back 15

C)It takes one year.

front 16

Which types of angiosperms would most likely be wind-pollinated rather than animal-pollinated?
A)maize and wheat
B)oak and maple trees
C)roses and tiger lilies
D)The first and second responses are correct.
E)None of the listed responses is correct. Plants with flowers are not wind-pollinated

back 16

D)The first and second responses are correct.

front 17

Like gymnosperms, many grasses and angiosperm trees are wind-pollinated. To conserve energy, these angiosperms do not produce complete flowers (complete flowers have all four of the basic parts). Which part would be unnecessary for wind-pollinated angiosperms?
A)fruits
B)sepals
C)petals
D)anthers
E)ovaries

back 17

C)petals

front 18

The portion of a flower that receives the pollen is the _____.
A)filament
B)stigma
C)ovary
D)anther
E)style

back 18

B)stigma

front 19

During pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the _____ to the _____.
A)anther ... stigma
B)carpel ... stigma
C)stigma ... ovary
D)ovary ... anther
E)anther ... sepal

back 19

A)anther ... stigma

front 20

A pea pod is formed from _____. A pea inside the pod is formed from _____.
A)an ovule ... a carpel
B)an ovary ... a pollen grain
C)an anther ... an ovule
D)endosperm ... an ovary
E)an ovary ... an ovule

back 20

E)an ovary ... an ovule

front 21

After fertilization, the _____ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit.
A)ovary ... ovule
B)ovule ... ovary
C)pollen grain ... ovule
D)egg ... ovule
E)egg ... ovary

back 21

B)ovule ... ovary

front 22

Which of the following best describes the function of fruits?
A)to distract herbivores from eating the leaves
B)protection and dispersal of seeds
C)reward for pollinators
D)food storage for the plant to use over the winter
E)Depending on the plant species, any of the listed responses are possible.

back 22

B)protection and dispersal of seeds

front 23

A plant is said to be cross-pollinated if _____.
A)its source of pollen is a different species of plant
B)it is pollinated by wind
C)it is pollinated by insects
D)pollen grains are transferred from a different flower on the same plant
E)pollen grains are transferred to a flower on a different plant

back 23

D)pollen grains are transferred from a different

front 24

The pollen tube releases two sperm cells into the embryo sac. The result of this is the _____.
A)union of one sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus and the disintegration of the other sperm nucleus
B)formation of a gametophyte
C)union of the two sperm nuclei, forming a zygote
D)fusion of both sperm nuclei with the egg nucleus and the formation of a triploid zygote
E)union of one sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus and of the other sperm nucleus with two nuclei of the central cell, forming a triploid nucleus called the endosperm

back 24

E)union of one sperm nucleus with the egg nucleus and of the other sperm nucleus with two nuclei of the central cell, forming a triploid nucleus called the endosperm

front 25

Of the following, which is a difference in how reproduction occurs in gymnosperms compared to angiosperms?
A)Only angiosperms have reduced gametophytes.
B)Only the sperm of angiosperms combine with two central cell nuclei to form triploid endosperm.
C)Only gymnosperms can contain male and female sporangia on the same plant.
D)Only angiosperm pollen grains form pollen tubes.
E)Double fertilization only occurs in gymnosperms.

back 25

B)Only the sperm of angiosperms combine with two central cell nuclei to form triploid endosperm.

front 26

The triploid nucleus of the embryo sac develops into the _____.
A)endosperm
B)fruit
C)seed
D)carpel
E)embryo

back 26

A)endosperm

front 27

In gymnosperms, the seed coat develops from the integument. In angiosperms, the seed coat develops from the _____.
A)endosperm
B)female gametophyte
C)integuments
D)receptacle
E)ovary wall

back 27

C)integuments

front 28

The vast majority of angiosperms with two cotyledons formerly classified as _____ are now classified as _____.
A)eudicots ... dicots
B)eudicots ... basal angiosperms
C)monocots ... magnoliids
D)monocots ... dicots
E)dicots ... eudicots

back 28

E)dicots ... eudicots

front 29

Which of the following characterizes eudicots?
A)two cotyledons, netlike veins, taproot usually present
B)leaves with parallel veins, taproot usually present, vascular bundles arranged in rings
C)one cotyledon, vascular bundles in rings, pollen grains with three openings
D)scattered vascular bundles, netlike veins, floral parts in multiples of five
E)pollen grains with three openings, floral parts in multiples of three, netlike veins

back 29

A)two cotyledons, netlike veins, taproot usually present

front 30

A bright pink flower with deep floral tubes will most likely be pollinated by which mechanism?
A)birds with long beaks
B)wind
C)bats
D)self-pollination
E)honeybees

back 30

A)birds with long beaks

front 31

Six major crops-wheat, rice, maize, potatoes, cassava, and sweet potatoes-constitute what percentage of all the calories consumed by humans?
A)80%
B)90%
C)30%
D)50%
E)65%

back 31

A)80%

front 32

At current rates of deforestation, tropical rain forests will be eliminated in _____ years.
A)200
B)10
C)250
D)1,000
E)50

back 32

A)200

front 33

Besides the plant tissue that humans ingest, which angiosperm tissue is most directly important for human survival?
A)bark
B)xylem
C)phloem
D)sepals
E)cones

back 33

B)xylem